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地球物理抗差估计和广义逆方法

为进行观测数据误差较大的地球物理资料的反演,引人抗差估计,称作地球物理抗差估计;为使病态方程组的反演解更可靠,又结合广义逆方法进行了算法改进．首先介绍抗差最小二乘（ＲＬＳ）的基本原理,然后推寻出适于广义逆反演方法的改进算式,最后举例加以讨论．分析表明,抗差估计可以有效地抑制地球物理观测异常的影响,得出正常模式下的较好估计值;而用改进后的算式和广义逆反演可以使反演解更加改善,不仅如此,改进后的方法还能直接给出解估计的可靠性评价．     

两种GPS天线阵列抗干扰算法研究及仿真

介绍了自适应天线阵列信号响应的数学描述,论述了在GPS抗干扰应用中广泛采用的基于最小均平方（LMS）的自适应算法的原理和实现过程,并对算法进行了仿真。提出了一种优于LMS算法的自适应数字波束形成（DBF）技术,推导出了其最优权系数矢量的计算方法,并对该算法进行了仿真。仿真结果表明：4阵元LMS的自适应调零算法对于单干扰的抑制和双干扰的抑制都达到了较好的效果,同时也体现了该算法零陷的优点。     

RF Design of a Wideband CMOS Integrated Receiver for Phased Array Applications

New silicon CMOS processes developed primarily for the burgeoning wireless networking market offer significant promise as a vehicle for the implementation of highly integrated receivers, especially at the lower end of the frequency range proposed for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). An RF-CMOS ‘Receiver-on-a-Chip’ is being developed as part of an Australia Telescope program looking at technologies associated with the SKA. The receiver covers the frequency range 500–1700 MHz, with instantaneous IF bandwidth of 500 MHz and, on simulation, yields an input noise temperature of < 50 K at mid-band. The receiver will contain all active circuitry (LNA, bandpass filter, quadrature mixer, anti-aliasing filter, digitiser and serialiser) on one 0.18 μm RF-CMOS integrated circuit. This paper outlines receiver front-end development work undertaken to date, including design and simulation of an LNA using noise cancelling techniques to achieve a wideband input-power-match with little noise penalty.     

THE CONSTRUCTION OF SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS FOR SEVERAL POLYNOMIALS IN THE CALIBRATION OF ANALYTICAL METHODS

In this paper a criterion is described for the construction of experimental designs for the evaluation ofcalibration models in analytical chemistry.The proposed criterion seeks a compromise between theD-optimal designs for estimating the parameters of different polynomial models.A computer algorithmis presented for a sequential construction of experimental designs using the optimality criterion.Theperformance of the optimality criterion and the computer algorithm is elaborated for the problem ofdiscrimination between a first-to a third-degree polynomial for the calibration of analytical methods.Anexperimental design consisting of replicate measurements at five distinct levels equally spaced over thecalibration range proved a good solution.     

Hemispheric Imaging of Galactic Neutral Hydrogen with a Phased Array Antenna System

The thousand element array (THEA) system is a phased array system consisting of 1 m² tiles having 64 Vivaldi elements each, arranged on a regular 8-by-8 grid, which has been developed as a demonstrator of technology and applicability for SKA. In this paper we present imaging results of Galactic neutral hydrogen with THEA. Measurements have been taken using a dense 2-by-2 array of four tiles as a four tile adder. The results are compared with results from the Leiden-Dwingeloo Survey, showing qualitative agreement, but also indicating that further studies are needed on the instrumental characteristics.     

VLBI数据软件相关处理方法研究

VLBI技术是 2 0世纪 6 0年代后期发展起来射电干涉新技术 ,自 2 0世纪 70年代至今VLBI数据预处理主要采用硬件相关处理机。近年来随着通用计算机性能的大幅度提高 ,利用软件方法对VLBI数据进行相关处理逐渐成为可能。介绍了国内外VLBI软件相关处理机的研究进展情况和VLBI数据相关处理的基本数学模型。针对实际软件相关处理方法研究中数学模型应用和各类参数选取等情况作了详细介绍。根据现有数据处理精度和处理速度 ,进一步分析了提高软件相关处理速度的可能性。     

南海区拖网方目网囊选择性试验

为了科学地确定南海区拖网网囊的结构和适宜网目尺寸 ,于 2 0 0 0年 1 1月 2 5日～ 1 2月 2 0日在南海北部珠江口以外海域水深 36～ 70m拖网渔场 ,对 4种不同网目尺寸的方目网囊进行了网囊套网式捕鱼选择性试验 ,获得了蓝圆鱼参(Decapterusmaruadsi)、多齿蛇鲻 (Sauridatumbil)、条尾绯鲤 (Upeneusbensa si)等 3种主要鱼种的选择性曲线。试验结果表明 :4种方目网囊的数量平均逃逸率均高于重量平均逃逸率 ;网囊渔获的优势体长总是大于套网渔获的优势体长 ;蓝 鱼参、多齿蛇鲻、条尾绯鲤之类的圆体鱼类比扁体鱼类更易于逃出方目网囊。     

总体最小二乘法在初轨计算中的应用

在分析了UVM2方法条件方程特点的基础上,将总体最小二乘法(TLS)引入轨道计算中,避免了原算法中对活力公式的线性化处理．仿真和实测计算结果表明,将TLS应用于UVM2是有效的．     

中国东部烈度衰减关系模型研究

本文收集了1990—2021年我国东部地区180次地震等震线数据,采用长、短轴椭圆模型,应用Levenberg-Marquardt法和最小二乘法重新拟合了东部地区的分区地震烈度衰减关系。结果表明,两种回归模型结果保持较好的一致性,在2个分区统计单元内(东北、华北地区与华中、华南地区)地震烈度衰减关系有明显不同,故而应进行不同的分区对待。同时,在我国东部地区,通过与其他学者的地震烈度衰减关系研究成果进行对比,显示本文两种方法的结果可较好地反映烈度衰减的区域特征。选取吉林宁江M5.7、湖北巴东M5.1地震和河北唐山M7.8地震的长、短轴及面积进行计算,通过对比结果可以看出,本文烈度衰减关系计算的结果较同一区域或大区域的计算结果更精准,说明本文结果能反映出东部地区地震震级小而破坏大的特征,适合用于该地区的工程地震研究和应用。本文给出的我国东部地区分区地震烈度衰减关系适用震级范围为面波震级3.0～8.0,距离为0～660km。