内蒙古喀喇沁早白垩世橄辉云煌岩岩筒

探寻地幔物质上涌的通道口，是大陆岩石圈研究所感兴趣的，它将为人们提供更多的岩石圈深部信息。本文报道的是在内蒙古喀喇沁黑龙潭火山颈中发现的橄辉云煌岩，其K-Ar同位素年龄为124Ma。火山活动明显受到中生代构造活动控制。火山岩的元素地球化学特征反映岩浆来自富集地幔，在源区存在陆壳的混染作用。     

内蒙古东部森林沼泽区1∶20万区域化探工作回顾

通过对内蒙古东部森林沼泽区开展1∶20万区域化探4个不同阶段工作方法技术及效果的回顾和总结,认为在不同时期的工作方法技术随着对森林沼泽区这一特殊景观的认识不断加深,其工作方法技术也在不断改进,发现矿点8处、矿化点17处,其中,银锌矿17处、金矿1处,取得了较好的地球化学勘查成果,所完成图幅较客观地反映了工作区区域构造、成岩成矿作用的表层地球化学面貌,大大提高了地球化学信息的可靠性和真实性。     

嵌岩桩与含沉渣桩低应变动力检测曲线理论计算方法与特征研究

根据文献[1]、[2]介绍了基桩反射波法动测正演问题的数理模型、计算方法及其通用性，并据此计算了完整嵌岩桩及有不同厚度沉渣的嵌岩桩与摩擦桩的理论曲线。提出了在一定物性参数条件下判断沉渣是否超过规定标准的方法，并给出了数个实例。     

土壤水力性质确定方法研究进展

介绍了确定土壤水力性质的各种直接方法(包括实验室方法和田间方法两大类)和间接方法如土壤转换函数方法、分形方法、形态学方法、数值反演方法和经验公式法等的研究进展和现状,指出了它们各自的优点和存在的不足.认为要不断地引入新的实验技术和改进测定设备,并把估计土壤水力性质的各种理论方法及实验信息有机地结合起来进行综合研究,以扩大它们的适用范围和提高预测精度.     

河北阳原2井水氡资料分析

研究了河北阳原2井水氡资料的趋势变化和年变化特征，对水氡与气温的负相关特性进行了分析，并对该井水氡资料的映震能力作了统计分析和R值评判。结果表明，河北阳原水氡资料从长期到中短期的异常变化与该区的中强地震活动有较好的对应关系，根据中短期异常可得出4个月以内中等地震发生的概率为66.67%。     

Characterisation of the 1997 Vulcanian explosions of Soufrière Hills Volcano,Montserrat, by video analysis

The activity of Convention at Montserrat Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, during the period 1995–1999 included numerous violent explosions. Two major cycles of Vulcanian explosions occurred in 1997: a first of 13 explosions between 4 and 12 August and a second of 75 between 22 September and 21 October. The explosions were short-lived events lasting a few tens of seconds during which partial fountain collapse generated pyroclastic surges and pyroclastic flows, and buoyant plumes ascended 3–15 km into the atmosphere. Each explosion discharged on average 3×10⁵ m³ (dense-rock equivalent, DRE) of magma, draining the conduit to depths of 1–2 km. The paper focuses on the first few seconds of three explosions of the 75 that occurred in September/October 1997: 6 October 1997 at 17:50, 7 October 1997 at 16:02 and 9 October 1997 at 12:32. Physical parameters such as exit velocities, magmatic water contents and magma pressures at fragmentation are estimated by following and modelling the ascent of individual momentum-dominated finger jets visible on videos during the initial stages of each explosion. The model treats each finger jet as an incompressible flow sustained by a steady flux of gas and particles during the few seconds of ascent, and produces results that compare favourably with those using a multiphase compressible code run using similar eruptive parameters. Each explosion reveals a progressive increase in eruptive intensity with time, jet exit velocities increasing from 40 m s^–1 at the beginning of the explosion up to 140 m s^–1 after a few seconds. Modelling suggests that the first magma to exit was largely degassed, whereas that discharged after a few seconds contained up to 2 wt% water. Magma overpressures up to ~10 MPa are estimated to have existed in the conduit immediately prior to each explosion. Progressive increases in jet exit velocity with time over the first few seconds of each explosion provide direct evidence for strong pre-eruptive gradients in water content and magma pressure in the upper reaches (probably 100–500 m) of the conduit. Fountain collapse occurred during the first 10–20 s of each explosion because the discharging jets had bulk densities up to 100 times that of the atmosphere and were unable to entrain enough air to become buoyant. Such high eruptive densities were due to the presence of partially degassed magma in the conduit.Editorial responsibility: A. Woods     

GPS弦距与常规光电测距弦距的比较与分析

比较GPS弦距与常规光电测距弦距的差别，对分析GPS测量误差问题，解决GPS与地面数据联合平差中权的确定问题，以及检核GPS网的解算结果具有重要意义。本文利用一多期复测成果，对其中的一些问题作了初步探讨。     

时频测控技术的发展

目前，在所有的物理量中时间与频率标准的物理实现具有最高的准确度和稳定度，它们的发展不但在计量技术中，而且在几乎整个高科技领域中起着十分重要的作用。这方面的发展一直受到发达国家的高度重视。根据近年来与国外同行的技术交流和了解的情况，对时频测控技术的发展和影响等作了介绍。     

Engineering geology of loess and loess-like deposits: a commentary on the Russian literature

Loess and loess-like deposits were much studied in the Soviet Union, and are currently under investigation in Russia and surrounding countries. There is a vast literature in Russian, which touches on all aspects of loess science and technology. In particular, the studies of the origin of collapsibility are almost totally in Russian, and of course studies on the various regions of Russia and the countries of the Former Soviet Union FSU appear in Russian. This review looks at the literature in Russian and attempts to pick out key contributors, major topics and works and to identify the critical regions and zones of investigation. Because so many regions of the FSU had people living on loess ground, there is a vast literature on engineering geology and ground engineering topics, and this tends to dominate all the literature on loess in Russian. Following Russian practice, the fine-grained deposits under consideration are divided into loess and loess-like deposits. Three main topics are recognised across the whole spectrum of loess research: formation and distribution of loess deposits; stratigraphy, cyclicity and palaeoclimatology; and engineering topics, in particular hydrocollapse and subsidence, and we concentrate on the engineering geology topics. An attempt is made, based on the map of Abelev and Abelev [Abelev, Yu.M., Abelev, M.Yu., 1968. Fundamentals of design and construction on collapsible macroporous soils, 2nd ed. Stroiizdat, Moscow, 431 pp. (in Russian)] of collapsing loess deposits, to define seven loess regions within the geographical limits of the old USSR. The seven regions are those where geotechnical problems might be expected.     

土体颗粒破碎研究进展

在打入桩的桩端以及大型土石坝、海洋平台等的地基中常常会出现高应力区。在这些高应力区中,作为地基的粒状土的颗粒会发生不同程度的破碎。对高应力水平下粒状土体的破碎特性进行深入研究有助于解决这一类型的岩土工程问题。因此近年来土体颗粒破碎逐渐引起人们的重视。本文对土体颗粒破碎研究现状进行了详尽的阐述,并指出研究中存在的问题及今后研究发展方向。