On the computation of the electrical potential inside a horizontally‐layered half‐space

A new formulation is proposed for the electrical potential developed inside a horizontally‐layered half‐space for a direct current point‐source at the surface. The recursion formula for the kernel coefficient in the potential integral is simpler than the generally used two‐coefficient recursion. The numerical difficulties that may occur during the computation of the integrals and near the source axis are examined and solutions are proposed. The set of equations permits a stable and accurate computation of the tabular potential everywhere in the medium.     

内蒙古迪彦庙蛇绿岩辉长岩岩石学特征

迪彦庙蛇绿岩位于中朝古板块与西伯利亚古板块之间的兴蒙造山带,主要由蛇纹石化斜辉辉橄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩、细碧角斑岩组成.岩相学研究表明,迪彦庙辉长岩分为层状辉长岩（具堆晶结构）和均质辉长岩（具辉长结构）两类,且均经历了低-中级变质改造.在详细的野外工作基础上,通过对迪彦庙辉长岩的地质特征、岩相学特征和岩石化学研究,认为其为活动大陆边缘或岛弧环境下小规模单旋回封闭系统内形成的.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备锂离子二次电池正极材料LiCoO2及其电化学性能研究

以硝酸钴、氢氧化锂为原料,采用EDTA络合模板法合成了具有层状结构的LiCoO2正极材料,并采用类似的方法合成了Li1·05Co0·8Ni0·2O1·95F0·05复合材料,通过XRD、SEM分析表明该法合成的超细粉体具有完善的层状结构,颗粒表面光滑,并以此研究了不同合成温度对材料结构的影响。充放电循环性能测试表明,充放电电压平台高达3·9V,掺杂Ni、F后提高了材料的比容量。     

Field experiment and numerical study on active vibration isolation by horizontal blocks in layered ground under vertical loading

In this paper, a series of field experiments were carried out to investigate the active vibration isolation for a surface foundation using horizontal wave impedance block (WIB) in a multilayered ground under vertical excitations. The velocity amplitude of ground vibration was measured and the root-mean-square (RMS) velocity is used to evaluate the vibration mitigation effect of the WIB. The influences of the size, the embedded depth and the shear modulus of the WIB on the vibration mitigation were also systematically examined under different loading conditions. The experimental results convincingly indicate that WIB is effective to reduce the ground vibration, especially at high excitation frequencies. The vibration mitigation effect of the WIB would be improved when its size and shear modulus increase or the embedded depth decreases. The results also showed that the WIB may amplify rather than reduce the ground vibration when its shear modulus is smaller or the embedded depth is larger than a threshold value. Meanwhile, an improved 3D semi-analytical boundary element method (BEM) combined with a thin layer method (TLM) was proposed to account for the rectangular shape of the used WIB and the laminated characteristics of the actual ground condition in analyzing the vibration mitigation of machine foundations. Comparisons between the field experiments and the numerical analyses were also made to validate the proposed BEM.     

东昆仑夏日哈木铜镍矿床Ⅱ号岩体辉长岩形成年龄与找矿潜力

东昆仑夏日哈木铜镍矿床以赋存110万吨Ni金属成为全球镍床近二十年来最重要的发现之一,也是仅次于金川岩浆铜镍矿床的中国第二大铜镍矿床。矿区发育5个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,目前仅Ⅰ号镁铁-超镁铁岩体内发现了具有经济价值的超大矿体,110万吨Ni金属均赋存Ⅰ号岩体内;其他4个岩体中仅Ⅱ号岩体发现了矿化,是多种构造体制叠加岩浆活动的结果。调查发现Ⅱ号岩体的主要岩性是辉长岩,LA ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测试获得Ⅱ号岩体辉长岩的成岩年龄为385.2 Ma,比Ⅰ号岩体成岩成矿时代稍年轻,属于早泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。岩浆铜镍矿体多赋存于辉石岩与橄榄岩中,辉长岩内一般无经济价值的矿体存在。在夏日哈木矿区,辉长岩基本是含矿辉石岩及橄榄岩的围岩,辉长岩中所见的铜镍矿化也是后期岩浆活动贯入的表现。结合区域年代学综合分析认为,夏日哈木超大型岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的形成,是早泥盆世早期岩浆活动于柴达木盆地边缘东昆仑造山带夏日哈木地区具体的成矿表现。目前所发现的Ⅱ号岩体以辉长岩为主,不具备成镍矿良好条件,较难发现有经济价值的铜镍矿体。     

甘肃北山红柳疙瘩钛铁矿含矿岩体特征及找矿意义

红柳疙瘩岩体位于塔里木板块北缘的北山裂谷带,岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组,主要岩石类型为含橄榄石角闪辉长岩和角闪方辉橄榄岩,岩石中赋存钛铁矿,具有全岩矿化特点。岩体出露长度6 km,宽度0.5 km,呈NE向展布,岩体经逆断层作用推覆至中生代碎屑岩之上。本文对矿区橄榄岩开展主要元素分析,研究结果显示岩石m/f比值为0.16~0.33,为富铁质超基性岩,具有低碱(Na_2O+K_2O)、MgO,高TiO_2、Al_2O_3和TFe(Fe_2O_3+FeO)特征。AR-SiO_2和FAM图解显示岩体原始岩浆属亚碱性拉斑玄武系列;岩体具有较低的Mg#(0.30~0.49),说明岩浆演化过程中发生了明显的结晶分异作用,钛铁矿的富集与岩浆的结晶分异作用相关。红柳疙瘩钛铁矿经深部钻探工程控制,圈定钛铁矿36条,主要矿体有7条,长度200 m~700 m,控制斜深75 m~150 m,平均厚度4.02 m~13.97 m,呈层状、不规则透镜状,TiO_2平均品位6.37%~7.19%,TFe品均品位为14.60%。对该岩体含矿性分析,有助于北山地区的勘查找矿。     

西藏拉萨地块南缘雄村矿集区首次发现早石炭世辉长岩:古特提斯洋的残留?

拉萨地块是研究特提斯洋形成演化和青藏高原陆内汇聚作用的关键地区,前人对拉萨地块中新生代构造演化过程进行了大量的研究,而对于古生代演化阶段研究较为薄弱。本文以拉萨地块南缘雄村矿集区新发现的辉长岩为研究对象,对雄村辉长岩进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,探讨其反映的构造意义。雄村辉长岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为(341.55±0.89)Ma,表明其形成于早石炭世。结合区域地质演化过程,认为早石炭世雄村辉长岩可能是古特提斯洋的残留,新的年龄数据将为研究拉萨地块和特提斯洋的演化过程提供重要的约束。     

The effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within a detachment shear zone in the slow‐spreading oceanic crust: A case study from the Godzilla Megamullion,Philippine Sea

We studied the contributions of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole to the P‐wave velocity properties of gabbroic mylonites of the Godzilla Megamullion (site KH07‐02‐D18) in the Parece Vela Rift of the central Parece Vela Basin, Philippine Sea, based on their crystal‐preferred orientations (CPOs), mineral modes, and elastic constants and densities of single crystals. The gabbroic mylonites have been classified into three types based on their microstructures and temperature conditions: HT1, HT2 and medium‐temperature (MT) mylonites. The P‐wave velocity properties of the HT1 mylonite are dominantly influenced by plagioclase CPOs. Secondary amphibole occurred after deformation in the HT1 mylonite, so that its effect on P‐wave velocity anisotropy is minimal due to weak CPOs. Although the HT2 mylonite developed deformation microstructures in the three minerals, the P‐wave velocity properties of the HT2 mylonite are essentially isotropic, resulting from the destructive interference of different P‐wave velocity anisotropy patterns produced by the distinct CPOs of the three constituent minerals (i.e., plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole). The P‐wave velocity properties of the MT mylonite are influenced mainly by amphibole CPOs, whereas the effect of plagioclase CPOs on P‐wave velocity anisotropy becomes very small with a decrease in the intensity of plagioclase CPOs. As a result, the gabbroic mylonites tend to have weak P‐wave velocity anisotropy in seismic velocity, although their constituent minerals show distinct CPOs. Such weakness in the whole‐rock P‐wave velocity anisotropy could result from the destructive contributions of the different mineral CPOs with respect to the structural framework (foliation and lineation). These results show that amphibole has a high potential for P‐wave velocity anisotropy by aligning both crystallographically and dimensionally during deformation in the hydrous oceanic crust. The results also suggest that the effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within the detachment shear zone in a slow‐spreading oceanic crust varies depending on the degree of deformation and on the timing of hydrothermal activity.     

A numerical and experimental study of hollow steel pile in layered soil subjected to vertical dynamic loading

This paper presents an investigation of the nonlinear behaviour of single piles subjected to varying levels of vertical dynamic load. A good number of tests are performed for the understanding of the dynamic behaviour of single hollow steel piles embedded in layered soil. Experimental results are validated with results obtained from a nonlinear numerical analysis using commercially available Finite Element Method (FEM) based software. The results of numerical analysis and experimental investigations showed that the length of pile has significant influence on resonant frequency and amplitude of the pile foundation. It has also been found that the slippage of pile from the surrounding soil considerably affects the resonance frequency and amplitude of the soil–pile foundation system.     

不同厚度层状边坡动力响应的模型试验研究

采用振动台物理模拟试验方法,以4种不同覆土厚度的层状边坡模型为研究对象,水平输入振幅逐渐增大的正弦波加速度,分析了结构面上覆不同厚度土层对动力作用下边坡的稳定影响.研究了在动力作用下边坡的破坏位置和性质、破坏形式及最危险覆土厚度,验证了坡面放大效应与高程的关系,采用MIDAS/GTS软件对模型试验进行振型分析,分析了模型边坡的自振频率与覆土厚度的变化关系.试验结果表明：①模型破坏时最先出现的裂缝在边坡的中上部,且6 cm覆土厚度的模型对振动的响应最大,对应到实际工程中时12m厚度土层覆盖的边坡是最应该注意防护的.②不同厚度的土层破坏的形式不同：当土层厚度较薄时模型破坏较迅速,基本沿结构面发生整体滑动破坏,且滑动呈现一定的流体特性;当覆土较厚时裂缝先在模型中上部出现,随着振动的持续裂缝继续发展,最后发生整体性崩塌.③随着高程的增加峰值加速度总体呈放大趋势,但最大值出现在边坡中上部而非坡顶,说明不仅均质边坡有加速度的高程放大效应,层状边坡也具有加速度的高程放大效应.