斜压大气中海面边界层摩擦偏角的动力学研究

本文在Ekman动量近似下，引入关于水面粗糙度的Charnock公式，求得了斜压大气中海面边界层的风速的解析表达式，进一步得到边界层摩擦偏角的公式，并获得了边界层摩擦偏角的有关结论。例如海面的摩擦偏角远小于陆地的摩擦偏角；低纬的摩擦偏角比高纬的要大：理论分析和个例计算均表明，垂直平流惯性力与水平平流惯性力对摩擦偏角分别起着减小和增大的相反作用，而且反气旋性涡度处与气旋性涡度处的摩擦偏角可相差达20多度。冷暖平流下的摩擦偏角相差很大，甚至可达七、八十度。这些结论对斜压大气中的海面边界层风场摩擦偏角的预后都具有指导性作用。     

Spectral Maxima In A Perturbed Stable Boundary Layer

Wind velocity data have been collected on Nansen Ice Sheet, Antarctica, close to the base of a steeply sloping glacier along which frequently flow katabatic winds. The aim of this study is to investigate how turbulent energy and momentum flux are perturbed by the flow interaction with topography and by the strong mechanical mixing produced by downslope flows. Spectral and cospectral analyses, performed on the wind velocity components, provide evidence that such a perturbation, at any stability, is restricted to frequencies lower than the inertial subrange. Longitudinal spectra display an energy increment, due to turbulence generated by topography and by mechanical forcing related to the katabatic wind structure. The energy, supplied by the topographic forcing, displaces the turbulent energy maximum toward lower frequencies. In near-neutral stratification the spectral maximum occurs at a reduced frequency, which seems to be consistent with the height of the steepest part of the slope, and seems to shift toward higher frequencies as a linear ,function of the local stability parameter,L_l. The parameterisation of the orographic perturbation by means of a similarity relationship allows us to scale u spectra in the same way as over uniform terrain. The scaled, perturbed spectra collapse onto a unique curve in the mid-frequency as well in the inertial subrange, while maxima are grouped in a cluster. Lateral and vertical velocity spectra exhibit shapes independent of stability, suggesting a topographic perturbation that is predominantly over stability effects.     

辽西喀左县孤山义县组安山岩激光40Ar/39Ar和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

辽西喀喇沁左翼蒙古族自治县孤山义县组火山岩下为湖相沉积层（1∶20万地质图说明书中称金刚山组）,上与九佛堂组为平行不整合接触。笔者等选取了不整合面之下的义县组安山岩分别进行了长石的激光微区40Ar39Ar定年和锆石的SHRIMP UPb定年研究。结果表明：义县组安山岩形成于126Ma左右。经与义县盆地义县组剖面对比,孤山义县组安山岩对应于义县盆地义县组火山旋回的第二亚旋回。据此可以推断九佛堂组沉积时限应晚于126Ma,对九佛堂组沉积的下限时代提供约束。此外,喀喇沁左翼蒙古族自治县孤山安山岩的形成时代与北票四合屯地区义县组尖山沟层之下的玄武安山岩形成时代、义县地区义县组的砖城子层的形成时代以及凌源地区义县组的大王杖子层形成时代大体一致。表明孤山地区义县组下部的湖相沉积层位于北票地区尖山沟层、义县地区砖城子层及凌源地区大王杖子层之下。