荧光有机组分指数与烃源岩生烃性能研究

荧光有机组分是各类低熟-成熟烃源岩的重要的有机显微组分。本文在研究吐哈与准噶尔盆地早中侏罗世烃源岩时,提出荧光有机组分指数概念。它作为主要生烃指标之一,并配合其他有机岩石学参数,在评价低熟-成熟烃源岩有机质类型、丰度等方面均取得了良好效果。      

扬子板块俯冲加积杂岩的初步研究

根据大别—苏鲁造山带浅变质岩系的地质产状,本文将其与高压—超高压岩石一起作为大陆板块俯冲的加积杂岩来考虑,发现它们在岩石类型、变质时代和原岩性质等方面具有一定的可比性,因此可看作为扬子板块大陆俯冲的加积杂岩。由此根据板块俯冲的加积楔模型,对浅变质岩系的形成和演化过程进行了地球动力学解释,结果对扬子板块俯冲及其与华北板块碰撞的俯冲带和缝合带位置提供了制约。     

Groundwater targeting in a hard-rock terrain using fracture-pattern modeling, Niva River basin, Andhra Pradesh, India

In hard-rock terrain, due to the lack of primary porosity in the bedrock, joints, fault zones, and weathered zones are the sources for groundwater occurrence and movement. To study the groundwater potential in the hard-rock terrain and drought-prone area in the Niva River basin, southern Andhra Pradesh state, India, Landsat 5 photographic data were used to prepare an integrated hydrogeomorphology map. Larsson's integrated deformation model was applied to identify the various fracture systems, to pinpoint those younger tensile fracture sets that are the main groundwater reservoirs, and to understand the importance of fracture density in groundwater prospecting. N35°–55°E fractures were identified as tensile and N35°–55°W fractures as both tensile and shear in the study area. Apparently, these fractures are the youngest open fractures. Wherever N35°–55°E and N35°–55°W fracture densities are high, weathered-zone thickness is greater, water-table fluctuations are small, and well yields are high. Groundwater-potential zones were delineated and classified as very good, good to very good, moderate to good, and poor. Electronic Publication     

中国南方中及晚奥陶世岩相古地理

中国南方是指西至金沙江一元江断裂、西北至龙门山断裂、北至城口-房县-襄樊-广济断裂、东北至郯城-庐江断裂、东至黄海和东海、南至南海的中国南方的广大地区，面积约200万km^2。在露头剖面和钻井剖面的地层学和岩石学研究所取得的各种定量及定性资料的基础上，采用单因素分析综合作图法，编制出了中国南方中奥陶统胡乐阶(庙坡阶)和}韩江阶(宝塔阶)以及上奥陶统石口阶(临湘阶)和五峰阶的各种单因素图以及相应的各世的岩相古地理图。在这些古地理图中，有7个主要的古地理单元，即滇西台地、康滇陆、扬子台地、斜坡、江南盆地、东南台地和华夏陆。前5个古地理单元属康滇古地理体系，后两个古地理单元属华夏古地理体系。这些古地理图的最大特征是定量，即每个古地理单元的划分和确定都有确切的定量的单因素图和数据为依据。这种定量的岩相古地理图在我国南方中及晚奥陶世还是首次出现。这种定量岩相古地理图在古地理学中是个重大的进展，对石油、天然气以及其他沉积矿产的预测和勘探有重要的指导作用。最后，对两个古地理体系和7个主要古地理单元在整个寒武纪和奥陶纪各期或世的历史演化进行了较详细的探讨。     

中国北方晚更新世以来地质环境及未来生存环境变化趋势

我国北方晚更新世以来古环境变化在总趋势上有一致性,但又有地区上的差别.青藏高原古气候变化有其特殊性,末次冰期寒冷气候开始早于其他地区;全新世暖期开始晚于其他地区1500年左右.除受全球性气候变化影响外,青藏高原的迅速上升也是影响我国北方晚更新世以来古环境的因素之一;华北平原未来生存环境变化中水资源的变化受人类活动影响很大.目前水资源开发利用程度高,预测于21世纪前半个世纪内缺水状况是严峻的,平原区缺水将大于80×108m3/a;我国北方在全新世大暖期后,气候环境的变化是在大暖期期间形成的环境基础上演变的.总的趋势是向以冷干为主的气候和向干旱化环境演化.     

A highstand oolitic sequence and associated facies from a Late Triassic lake basin, south-west England

High energy, lake‐shoreline carbonate sequences are rarely documented in the geological record. However, one example occurs in the Upper Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group (MMG) of southern Britain. The MMG is one of a number of thick, non‐fossiliferous mudstone deposits associated with North Atlantic Mesozoic rift basins. The origin of the MMG mudstones is the subject of current debate, with marine, playa‐lacustrine and alluvial–aeolian models having been proposed. Shoreline features have been documented from the northern margin of the basin, but the rarity of such features elsewhere in the MMG has led many workers to doubt a lacustrine origin for the mudstones. Wave‐dominated, lake‐shoreline deposits have been recognized in several sections from the southern basin margin in the Clevedon area of the Bristol Channel in south‐west England. These deposits provide evidence for the development of a sizeable perennial to semi‐perennial hypersaline lake in which the MMG mudstones accumulated. Shoreline sediments overlie alluvial stream and sheet‐flood deposits, and pass from transgressive gravel–conglomerate beach units with bioclasts, influenced by shore‐normal waves (deposited under semi‐humid conditions), to lower gradient, highstand oolitic sands affected by more varied wave approach (deposited under progressively more arid conditions), which culminated in lowstand, oolitic strand‐plain deposits overlain by a playa‐mudflat unit. Shoreline deposits record a simple shallowing‐upward transgressive–highstand–lowstand sequence. However, a change from a reflective (transgressive) to dissipative (highstand) shoreline is believed to represent a climatically induced change in prevailing wind direction. Shoreline features recognized in the MMG are similar to those of recent playa‐lacustrine basins of the western United States. Ooids display a variety of size, fracture and dissolution features in addition to beachrock fabrics, suggesting that they were originally composed of radial aragonite, similar to modern ooids from the Great Salt Lake, Utah.     

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY1　FuJiamo ,ShengGuoying ,XuJiayou,et.al.ApplicationofbiologicalmarkersintheassessmentofpaleoenvironmentsofChinesenon marinesediments[J] .OrganicGeochemistry ,1990 ,16 :76 9～ 779. 2　JenkynsHC .Cretaceousanoxicevents:fromcontinentstooceans[J] .JournaloftheGeologicalSociety ,1980 ,137:171～188. …     

华北晚古生代聚煤盆地造盆构造述略

本文从盆地基底、盆地基盘及盆地发育期构造演化三个层次讨论了华北晚古生代聚煤盆地的造盆构造特征。文中提出了盆地基盘概念，阐述释了华北地台晚古生代积活动肇始的构造机理，对华力西阶段华北板块板缘活动及其板内地层记录进行了对应研究。     

山东淄博晚石炭世双壳类动物群及其古生态特征

本文记述了采自山东淄博地区晚石炭世太原组双壳类化石１５属２８种，讨论了化石组合特征．在研究双壳类动物群的基础上，划分了３个动物群落，即：Ａｃａｎｔｈｏｐｅｃｔｅｎ群落、Ｐａｌａｃｏｌｉｍａ群落和Ａｉｔａｒｔｅｌｌａ群落，并对各群落的生态特征进行了系统研究．