A revision of the stratigraphy of the longmyndian supergroup,welsh borderland,and of its relationship to the uriconian volcanic complex

Major revisions are proposed to the stratigraphy of the late Precambrian Longmyndian Supergroup of the Welsh Borderland. The stratigraphic relationship between it and the adjacent, late Precambrian Uriconian volcanic complex is reviewed and reinterpreted. Contrary to previous belief it is proposed that the Wentnor Group of the Longmyndian Supergroup does not overlie the Stretton Group unconformably. An apparent unconformity is interpreted as the result of post-Longmyndian tectonism. The Ragleth Tuff Formation, previously included with the Uriconian volcanic complex, is argued to be part of the Longmyndian Supergroup. The Helmeth Grit Member, previously thought to be the base of the Longmyndian Supergroup, is incorporated within the Ragleth Tuff Formation. These modifications necessitate a revision of the previously held belief that the Helmeth Grit Member is the base of the Longmyndian Supergroup which overlies the ‘Ragleth Tuffs’ of the Uriconian volcanic complex unconformably. The Ragleth Tuff Formation and the Stretton Shale Formation are thought to be faulted against the Eastern Uriconian, and the Wentnor Group is thought to be faulted against the Western Uriconian. Juxtaposition of the Longmyndian Supergroup with the Uriconian volcanic complex across faults is the result of strike-slip movements along the Church Stretton and Pontesford-Linley fault systems. Lithological and petrographical evidence suggests that the Longmyndian Supergroup is partly coeval with, and partly younger than, the Uriconian volcanic complex, which acted as a source. The Willstone Hill conglomerate, previously thought to be interbedded with the Eastern Uriconian, may be a representative of the Wentnor Group which overlies the Eastern Uriconian unconformably. As such, it may represent a late onlap of Longmyndian sediments onto the Eastern Uriconian at the margins of the Longmyndian basin. A new formation, the Linley Formation, is recognized. This occurs as fault-bounded slivers and lenses within the Pontesford-Linley fault system, and correlation with the rest of the Longmyndian is uncertain.     

鞍山地区东鞍山花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及成因研究

鞍山地区位于华北地台东北部辽宁省,区内保留有3.8~2.5Ga连续的地质记录。对位于鞍山市南侧的东鞍山花岗岩进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素分析、白云母Ar-Ar同位素分析及岩石地球化学分析。SHRIMP测年结果为3004±7Ma,代表岩石的形成年龄,Ar-Ar测年结果为2545±16Ma,代表岩石受到构造热事件扰动的时间。岩体地化特征为富硅(Si O2=72.95%~75.37%,平均值为74.18%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=7.05%~8.45%)、富铝(Al2O3=12.95%~15.44%),低钙(Ca O=0.13%~0.66%)。在稀土元素配分图上,曲线呈明显的右倾趋势,且有较明显的负Eu异常,重稀土分馏不明显。在微量元素洋中脊玄武岩标准化蛛网图上可以看出,东鞍山花岗岩强烈亏损Nb、P、Sr、Ti,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Nd和高场强元素Th、U。岩石地球化学特征表明东鞍山花岗岩岩浆来源为壳源,残留相可能由石榴石+辉石+角闪石+斜长石组成。将鞍山-本溪地区3个3.0Ga花岗岩(东鞍山花岗岩岩体、铁架山二长花岗岩岩体以及弓长岭片麻状花岗岩)的地球化学数据进行对比,发现三者的地球化学存在较大差异,为三个独立的岩体。三个岩体最初可能发育在一个陆块之上,然后在25.5亿年左右分离开来,最后在25亿年左右再次拼贴到一起。     

川西北羊拱海花岗岩体的地球化学特征及成因初探

位于松潘-甘孜褶皱带东部三角区内的羊拱海岩体主要是由中心相酸性的二长花岗岩向边缘相中酸性的花岗闪长岩过渡.通过对该花岗岩体的常量元素、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征的研究可知,羊拱海花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性、弱过铝-过铝质岩石系列,Rb、Th、K等富集,Ti、Ba、Nb、Sr、P明显亏损,表现为较平坦的具有较弱Eu亏损的稀土配分模式;岩体具有I型与S型花岗岩过渡类型的特点,是在印支晚期区域上大规模的陆-陆碰撞造山运动中,俯冲的陆壳楔形区在下地壳使局部同熔岩浆沿断裂通道上侵定位形成的.     

黑龙江铁力兴安一带斑岩型钼矿资源潜力预测

黑龙江省铁力市兴安地区发育晚三叠世-早侏罗世的细粒二长花岗斑岩的U-Pb锆石LA-ICPMS年龄为195～201Ma,钼矿(化)体产于斑岩体的顶部或外接触带的中细粒似斑状二长花岗岩中,斑岩体的岩石学、矿化及围岩蚀变、地球化学异常特征,均显示出斑岩型矿床的特征.另外,在花岗质火山-侵入杂岩体中也见钼矿化,其异常模式虽显示出中温火山热液有关的特征,但从区域成矿演化特征来看,可能与晚三叠世-早侏罗世细粒二长花岗斑岩具有统一的构造-岩浆-成矿体系,具"同源不同环境、部位和同位、不同成矿期次"的特征.     

Paleozoic tectonism on the East Gondwana margin: Evidence from SHRIMP U–Pb zircon geochronology of a migmatite–granite complex in West Antarctica

The Fosdick Mountains migmatite–granite complex in West Antarctica records episodes of crustal melting and plutonism in Devonian–Carboniferous time that acted to transform transitional crust, dominated by immature oceanic turbidites of the accretionary margin of East Gondwana, into stable continental crust. West Antarctica, New Zealand and Australia originated as contiguous parts of this margin, according to plate reconstructions, however, detailed correlations are uncertain due to a lack of isotopic and geochronological data. Our study of the mid-crustal exposures of the Fosdick range uses U–Pb SHRIMP zircon geochronology to examine the tectonic environment and timing for Paleozoic magmatism in West Antarctica, and to assess a correlation with the better known Lachlan Orogen of eastern Australia and Western Province of New Zealand.NNE–SSW to NE–SW contraction occurred in West Antarctica in early Paleozoic time, and is expressed by km-scale folds developed both in lower crustal metasedimentary migmatite gneisses of the Fosdick Mountains and in low greenschist-grade turbidite successions of the upper crust, present in neighboring ranges. The metasedimentary rocks and structures were intruded by calc-alkaline, I-type plutons attributed to arc magmatism along the convergent East Gondwana margin. Within the Fosdick Mountains, the intrusions form a layered plutonic complex at lower structural levels and discrete plutons at upper levels. Dilational structures that host anatectic granite overprint plutonic layering and migmatitic foliation. They exhibit systematic geometries indicative of NNE–SSW stretching, parallel to a first-generation mineral lineation. New U–Pb SHRIMP zircon ages for granodiorite and porphyritic monzogranite plutons, and for leucogranites that occupy shear bands and other mesoscopic-scale structural sites, define an interval of 370 to 355 Ma for plutonism and migmatization.Paleozoic plutonism in West Antarctica postdates magmatism in the western Lachlan Orogen of Australia, but it coincides with that in the central part of the Lachlan Orogen and with the rapid main phase of emplacement of the Karamea Batholith of the Western Province, New Zealand. Emplaced within a 15 to 20 million year interval, the Paleozoic granitoids of the Fosdick Mountains are a product of subduction-related plutonism associated with high temperature metamorphism and crustal melting. The presence of anatectic granites within extensional structures is a possible indication of alternating strain states (‘tectonic switching’) in a supra-subduction zone setting characterized by thin crust and high heat flow along the Devonian–Carboniferous accretionary margin of East Gondwana.     

龙王(石童)A型花岗岩地球化学特征及其地球动力学意义

龙王花岗岩岩体产于华北克拉通南缘,岩石类型主要为黑云母钾长花岗岩,局部见有霓辉石花岗岩。岩体高硅(SiO2=72.17%～76.82%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.28%～10.22%,K2O/Na2O>1),碱性指数AI(agpaitic index)=0.84～0.95,分异指数DI=95～97,铝指数ASI(aluminium saturation index)=0.96～1.13。含铁指数高(FeO/(FeO+Mg)=0.90～0.99),岩石为准铝质至弱过铝质、碱性—碱钙性、铁质A型花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素,稀土元素含量很高(854～1572μg/g);高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)的富集程度明显低于大离子亲石元素,因此在微量元素蛛网图上呈相对亏损特征;岩石显著亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、Pb;εNd(t)=-4.5～-7.2,Nd模式年龄为2.3～2.5Ga。εHf(t)=-1.11～-5.26,模式年龄tHf1=2.1～2.3Ga,tHf2=2.4～2.6Ga。黑云母钾长花岗岩中的锆石主要为无色透明柱状晶体,CL图像多数显示清晰的岩浆成因的韵律环带结构,锆石LA-ICPMSU-Pb年龄为...     

Retardation capacity of altered granitic rock distributed along fractured and faulted zones in the orogenic belt of Japan

There are wide areas of granitic rocks in the Japanese orogenic belt. These granitic bodies inevitably contain fracture and fault systems associated with alteration zones. However, relatively little attention has been given to the possible influence of such widely distributed alteration zones on the migration of radionuclides from any radioactive waste repository that might in future be sited within granitic rock. In particular, the influences of alteration products and micro-fractures, due to chemical sorption and/or physical retardation require further consideration. In order to understand the retardation capacity of the altered deep granitic rocks, detailed geometrical characterization of pores, geochemical analysis, and batch sorption and flow-through experiments have been carried out. Those results show that the altered granite has a large volume of accessible pores, particularly in potassium-feldspar grains, which would influence nuclide retardation more than the accessible porosity in other minerals present, such as biotite. The distribution coefficients, Kd estimated from batch sorption tests and flow-through experiments suggest that altered granite has a high capability to retard the migration of nuclides. The retardation would probably be due to sorption on altered minerals such as sericite and iron hydroxides formed along grain boundaries and in pores created by dissolution, in addition to sorption on primary sorptive minerals. These results provide confidence that even altered and fractured parts of any granitic rock that might be encountered in a site for the disposal of high level radioactive waste may still retard radionuclide migration and thereby help the geosphere to function as a barrier.     

青藏高原大型走滑断裂带晚新生代构造地貌生长及水系响应

大型走滑断裂带对调节印度板块和亚洲板块碰撞后产生的陆内构造变形和地貌生长起着非常重要作用。本文分析了沿青藏高原北缘主要大型左旋走滑断裂带：东昆仑、康西瓦和鲜水河-小江断裂带发育的错断地质体、大型错断水系或水系拐弯等新构造地貌特征,表明这些大型走滑断裂带在晚新生代以来发生了大规模的左旋走滑运动：前新生代地质体错位距离为80～120 km,大型水系累积的位移量可达80～90 km。根据这些走滑断裂带的长期走滑速率为8～12 mm/a,估算上述大型走滑断裂带的左旋走滑运动开始于中新世晚期：东昆仑和康西瓦断裂带左旋走滑运动开始于10±2 Ma; 鲜水河-小江断裂带甘孜-玉树段的左旋走滑运动的开始时间约为8～115 Ma。同样,如果大型水系的沿断裂带出现的大型错位或拐弯能够代表断裂带累积错位的上限,表明发源于青藏高原的黄河、金沙江、喀拉喀什河和玉龙喀什河等一级水系上游大致开始形成于9～7 Ma±。西昆仑山前盆地中河流相沉积的最早响应时间为8～6 Ma,与喀拉喀什河和玉龙喀什河等西昆仑山地区一级水系的形成时间基本一致,表明这些大型水系初始形成时间与左旋走滑构造运动的开始时间准同时。这表明中新世中晚期青藏高原构造演化发生了重要转变。     

蚌埠隆起区古元古代钾长花岗岩的成因:岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素的制约

对蚌埠隆起区庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩进行了系统的年代学和地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素的研究, 以便对其岩石成因进行约束.研究结果表明, 庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩中锆石发育震荡生长环带, 且具有较高的Th/U比值(0.13~1.47), 反映了岩浆成因特征.对庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩中岩浆锆石进行的LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年结果(上交点年龄) 分别为2104±20Ma和2196±190Ma, 这表明蚌埠隆起区钾长花岗岩的形成时代为古元古代.钾长花岗岩的SiO₂和K₂O含量分别介于69.65%~77.95%和4.98%~5.17%之间; 该类岩石富集轻稀土元素和Zr、Hf、Rb、Th、U等元素, 明显亏损Ba、Sr、Eu、P和Ti等元素; 它们的ε_Nd(t) 值变化于-3.4~+3.2之间, Nd的模式年龄变化于2.31~2.79Ga之间; 钾长花岗岩中锆石的ε_Hf(t) 值和Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄分别介于-5.1~+7.8和2.26~2.83Ga之间.上述特征表明, 蚌埠隆起区钾长花岗岩的原始岩浆起源于有少量古老地壳物质涉入的新生下地壳的部分熔融.庄子里和磨盘山钾长花岗岩为A型花岗岩, 形成于伸展的构造背景.      

华南印支期不同产铀能力花岗岩元素地球化学特征对比及其指示意义

笔者选取了华南印支期大部分花岗岩体,通过比较不同类型花岗岩的元素地球化学特征来确定产铀花岗岩的指示性特征.对比结果显示,花岗岩的源区和成因类型不同,是导致其产铀能力不同的主要因素.华南印支期产铀花岗岩的主要特征是：成岩年龄为219～250Ma,成岩温度和氧逸度低,属于S型花岗岩,其经历同碰撞的构造背景,主要分布在华夏地块内.产铀花岗岩以二云母花岗岩和黑云母花岗岩为主,蚀变作用强,副矿物组合复杂.花岗岩中结晶分异作用强,SiO2、K2O和P2O5含量高,而Al2O3、TiO2、FeO、MgO和CaO含量低,Th/U值低.这些指示性标志是指导铀矿勘查的重要线索.