山东淄博晚石炭世双壳类动物群及其古生态特征

本文记述了采自山东淄博地区晚石炭世太原组双壳类化石１５属２８种，讨论了化石组合特征．在研究双壳类动物群的基础上，划分了３个动物群落，即：Ａｃａｎｔｈｏｐｅｃｔｅｎ群落、Ｐａｌａｃｏｌｉｍａ群落和Ａｉｔａｒｔｅｌｌａ群落，并对各群落的生态特征进行了系统研究．     

昆明草海晚更新世硅藻植物群及其环境演化

通过对草海2号孔硅藻植物群生态演化及沉积特征的研究,将草海晚更新世划分为十个硅藻带和五个环境演化段落,说明5万年以来草海经历了由河流三角洲—中深湖滨—浅湖—沼泽的发展过程,在距今4.4万年时,滇池湖达到高潮,以后一直湖退,其中距今2.8万年左右由于河口砂坝的发展而形成海埂,使草海与滇池相对隔离而进入一个独立发展阶段,并加快了草海沼泽化进程。从气候上看,5万年以来,草海也经历了凉—暖—凉—温的两次周期性变化。     

博格达山晚古生代坳拉谷(Aulacogen)的初步研究

博格达地区在晚古生代不是与哈尔里克相联的岛弧,而是坳拉谷.它发育较完整的滨浅海→陆棚→陆坡→坡角→盆地平原相的沉积相序.建造类型和充填序列与国内外坳拉谷很相似,而与岛弧建造相差甚远.早期具多旋回的火山喷发,中期发育多种重力流沉积组分,晚期出现复理石和磨拉石建造.东与兴蒙大洋相联,西端伸入准噶尔小板块内部.从中泥盆世开始由巴里坤一带逐渐向乌鲁木齐地区发育.     

Chemistry of alkali extraction of brown coals—I. Kinetics, characterisation and implications to coalification

Three Australian brown coals have been separated into humin and humic acid fractions and studied by high resolution solid state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. The aromatic rings of the humic acids are highly substituted showing that extensive cross linking must have occurred during formation from wood lignin and tannin. However, the humins contain more aliphatic carbon and hydrogen than the corresponding humic acids. This shows that little cross linking has occurred with other components of the brown coal such as resins, waxes cutin and algal detritus, and cross linking has not rendered the aromatics alkali insoluble. The kinetics of extraction are complex and not simple first order. This is reflected in the chemical composition of the humic acid which is extraction temperature dependent. We also observed that there is a conversion of aromatic carbon to aliphatic carbon and gas during extraction, probably by alkaline oxidation, resulting in ring opening. A range of suitable model compounds have been studied to confirm this finding. Such a mechanism may account for the modification of lignin in oxidising environments such as those occurring in the initial stages of coalification (lignite or brown coal formation) and in soils.     

湖南晚奥陶世五峰期的古地理

湖南晚奥陶世的沉积,由于受区域构造控制,其沉积类型计有地台型(湘西)北区);过渡型(湘中区);地槽型(湘南区)等三种。它们以江南列岛和白马山—龙山东西向构造带为分界线。五峰早期除了江华汝城隆起和江南列岛外均接受海侵,海水自北向南逐渐加深。在湘南沉积了巨厚的砂页岩复理石建造。在湘中、湘西北区沉积厚度逐渐变薄。生物群在湘南,湘中为纯笔石相,湘西北为以笔石为主有三叶虫和腕足类等构成的混合相。五峰晚期湖南境内大部分抬升为陆,仅在东安县苏水冲和桃源县九溪等地形成滞流海盆。     

吉林延边地区屯田营组时代商榷

本文主要论述吉林省延边地区屯田营组时代。通过对屯田营组研究历史的回顾,从火山岩喷发—沉积序列和生物地层资料指出屯田营组时代为晚侏罗世,屯田营组与金沟岭组同是晚侏罗世两个火山旋回。     

胶东内生金矿成矿期次和成矿时代的讨论

胶东地区内生金矿的成矿溶液是深溶岩浆连续分异演化而成.成岩成矿作用产生于同一个地质时代,并可分为包括岩浆岩体、脉岩、矿床及其诸成矿阶段在内的早晚两期成矿系列.早期的内生金矿为主生金矿期.晚期为共生—伴生金矿期.早期成矿系列生成时代于156～136Ma之间,晚期为124～100Ma.