Multi-method pIRIR dating of sedimentary sequences at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert,NW China and its palaeoenvironmental implications

The Gurbantunggut Desert is the second-largest desert in China, located in the westerly-dominated region of north-western China. Previous understanding of palaeoclimate of this desert was mostly based on lake and loess records from the Junggar Basin and Tian Shan Mountains, whilst direct dating of sedimentary records from the desert was very limited. This study applies high-resolution post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) dating to three sedimentary profiles at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, which contain aeolian sand and water-lain sediments, recording palaeoenvironmental changes at the desert margin since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Different pIRIR dating procedures were applied for samples with different ages. For Holocene-aged samples, a single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) pIRIR procedure based on a three-stepped pIRIR measurement at 110 °C, 140 °C and 170 °C was used, and a standard growth curve (SGC) procedure yields an equivalent dose (D_e) similar to that of the full-SAR procedure; thus, is applicable for accelerating D_e measurement. For samples much older than the Holocene, a multi-aliquot regenerative-dose (MAR) pIRIR procedure based on a three-stepped pIRIR measurement at 150 °C, 200 °C and 250 °C was found to be the optimal dating procedure, because a SAR procedure would yield underestimated ages due to uncorrected initial sensitivity change. pIRIR dating results of the investigated profiles reveal a substantial sand accumulation during the LGM, an intensification of aeolian deposition at ∼12 ka and a wetter depositional environment at ∼10–8 ka. A rapid fluvial deposition is dated at ∼20–19 ka, corresponding to the deglaciation period. The sedimentary records from the desert margin show some correlation with lake and loess records in the same region and suggest a complex response of the desert environment to different climatic factors.     

Geochronology and Geochemistry of Late Triassic Intrusive Rocks in the Xiuyan Area,Liaodong Peninsula,Eastern North China Craton: Petrogenesis and Implications for Lithospheric Thinning

The timing and mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) remain controversial, and the overall geodynamics of the process are poorly understood. This paper documents Late Triassic igneous rocks including monzogranite, gabbro, and diorite from the Xiuyan District on the Liaodong Peninsula in the eastern NCC, which have LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of 229.0 ± 0.4 Ma, 216.2 ± 0.9 Ma, and 210.6 ± 2.0 Ma, respectively. Monzogranite shows high-SiO2 adakite affinity, negative εHf(t) values (?20.6 to ?17.9), and old TDM2 ages (3.53–3.29 Ga), suggesting that their parental magma was derived from thickened Paleoarchean mafic lower crust and minor mantle materials that were also involved their generation. Gabbro is ultrapotassic, strongly enriched in LREEs and LILEs, depleted in HFSEs, and has evolved zircon Hf isotopes with negative εHf of ?10.04 to ?5.85 and old TDM2 ages (2.59–2.22 Ga). These are diagnostic signatures of a crustal component, but their high contents of MgO, Cr, Co, Ni indicate that the primary magma originated from enriched mantle. Diorite is enriched in LILEs and LREEs, depleted in HFSEs (with negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies), and contains negative εHf(t) values (?13.64 to ?11.01). Compared with the gabbro, the diorite is relatively enriched in Nb, Ta and HREEs, and also contains younger TDM2 ages (2.11–1.94 Ga), suggesting that the diorite was formed by mixing between ancient lower crust-derived felsic magmas and asthenospheric mantle-derived magmas. Field observations, geochronology, geochemistry, and zircon Lu-Hf isotopes indicate that Late Triassic magmatism and tectonic activity resulted from deep subduction of the Yangtze Craton beneath the NCC in the Xiuyan area. This phase of tectonic activity was completed in the eastern NCC by the Late Triassic (216 Ma), and was subsequently followed by lithospheric thinning that began in the Late Triassic.     

黑龙江省东部晚三叠世-中侏罗世硅质岩地球化学特征及形成环境

黑龙江省东部那丹哈达增生杂岩主要由晚三叠世-中侏罗世含放射虫硅质岩组成,并夹有镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩和晚古生代浅海沉积岩.对黑龙江省东部石场、勤得利和胜利农场地区硅质岩分析显示,样品Al₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、Al₂O₃/（Al₂O₃+TFe₂O₃）及ΣREE整体上偏低,具有较高的SiO₂含量,为纯硅质岩.结合Al-Fe-Mn三角图和K₂O/Na₂O值,表明该地区硅质岩的形成过程与海底热液作用无关.元素判别图解及地球化学特征揭示,黑龙江东部三个地区的硅质岩形成于大陆坡及边缘海环境.     

Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic Multi‐Stage Denudation at the Western Ordos Block: Constraints by the Apatite Fission Track Dating on the Langshan

The apatite fission track dating of samples from the Dabashan(i.e., the Langshan in the northeastern Alxa Block) by the laser ablation method and their thermal history modeling of AFT ages are conducted in this study. The obtained results and lines of geological evidence in the study region indicate that the Langshan has experienced complicated tectonic-thermal events during the the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic. Firstly, it experienced a tectonic-thermal event in the Late Cretaceous(~90–70 Ma). The event had little relation with the oblique subduction of the Izanagi Plate along the eastern Eurasian Plate, but was related to the Neo-Tethys subduction and compression between the Lhasa Block and Qiangtang Block. Secondly, it underwent the dextral slip faulting in the Eocene(~50–45 Ma). The strike slip fault may develop in the same tectonic setting as sinistral slip faults in southern Mongolia and thrusts in West Qinling to the southwest Ordos Block in the same period, which is the remote far-field response to the India-Eurasia collision. Thirdly, the tectonic thermal event existed in the late Cenozoic(since ~10 Ma), thermal modeling shows that several samples began their denudation from upper region of partial annealing zone(PAZ), and the denudation may have a great relationship with the growth of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to the northeast. In addition, the AFT ages of Langshan indicate that the main body of the Langshan may be an upper part of fossil PAZ of the Late Cretaceous(~70 Ma). The fossil PAZ were destroyed and deformed by tectonic events repeatedly in the Cenozoic along with the denudation.     

Formation Time of the Kalaqin Metamorphic Core Complex: Constraints from Zircon DatingEI北大核心CSCD

The Kalaqin metamorphic core complex, located on the northern margin of the Yanshan Tectonic Belt, is an important structure to understand the Late Mesozoic destruction processes of the North China Craton. In this study, structural analysis and geochronological investigation were conducted for the Anjiayingzi pluton and associated granodiorite dikes that intruded the core complex. Field observations demonstrated that emplacement of the pluton and dikes took place after the early stage extensional deformation, and intrusions are products of syn-tectonic magmatism during the late stage extension deformation. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded ages of 133-131 Ma for the Anjiayingzi pluton and 135 Ma for the dike, which demonstrated that the early extensional deformation took place at 156-135 Ma, rather than the Early Cretaceous as proposed previously. By integrating with other dating results, the early extensional deformation occurred at 156-150 Ma (Late Jurassic) and led to the exhumation of the core complex. The core complex was overprinted by a late extension in the Early Cretaceous. The revision of formation time for the Kalaqin metamorphic core complex further confirms that the extensional deformation took place in the Late Jurassic in the Yanshan tectonic belt, and therefore, it is likely that the northern margin of the North China Craton might have destructed since the Late Jurassic. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.     

西藏桑日县地区晚白垩世火山岩年代学特征及地质意义

青藏高原中生代时期新特提斯洋演化及其相应的岩浆作用一直是高原基础研究的热点之一,其年代学系统研究对新特提斯洋及拉萨地块的地质演化具有重要的意义。桑日县地区火山—沉积岩地层出露有叶巴组、麻木下组、比马组、旦师庭组、典中组等。在详细的野外调查及前人研究基础上,选择比马组安山岩和原典中组安山岩进行锆石U-Pb测年,并对该区火山岩年龄进行系统研究。结果表明,桑日县以西至乃东县雅江特大桥,雅江以北的火山岩年代均为晚白垩世,其中比马组的时代应为晚白垩世(90.4±1.6～93.7±1.2 Ma),原典中组应厘定为旦师庭组,属晚白垩世(87.26±0.76～88.9±1.3 Ma),典中组属古新世(61.45～64.43 Ma),进一步厘清了该区火山—沉积岩地层年代格架。     

卫境岩体磷灰石裂变径迹年代学与华北北缘晚白垩世剥露事件及铀成矿

中蒙边境地区的海西至燕山期卫境复式花岗岩体属于蒙古-鄂霍茨克大洋关闭后加厚地壳伸展结果的产物。该岩体的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄介于76.7~53.8 Ma之间,结合热模拟分析,卫境岩体在晚白垩世经历了一次快速的剥露事件,而在整个新生代期间则处于非常稳定的低速剥露环境中,没有明显的构造变动。卫境岩体的晚白垩世构造热事件对应于其北部和东部广大早白垩世断陷盆地内(如二连盆地、海拉尔盆地、松嫩盆地等)下白垩统和上白垩统之间的角度不整合,该不整合代表了一次构造反转事件。华北北缘在晚白垩世曾遭受过比较强烈的构造事件的影响,该事件与Izanagi板块快速向东亚之下俯冲有重要关系。综合区域低温热年代学资料,晚白垩世构造事件影响的范围可至卫境岩体以西、满都拉以东地区。模拟结果显示,卫境岩体的剥露速率约为0.1~0.2mm/a。目前华北北缘东部地貌很可能是新生代以来形成的,而非中生代早中期。铀成矿研究表明,二连盆地内晚白垩世二连组湖相泥岩中赋存超大型的同生沉积成岩铀矿化,早白垩世晚期的赛汉组中也赋存了大型的古新世-始新世时期形成的铀矿化,这些铀矿化的形成均在盆地西缘晚白垩世隆起事件之后,富含铀的卫境花岗岩遭受淋滤,铀在含铀含氧流体中不断被搬运至盆地赋矿地层中。由此可见,卫境岩体的抬升剥露是控制盆地内铀成矿的重要条件,抬升时间与二连盆地中铀矿形成的时代基本一致。     

柴达木盆地北缘西段嗷唠山辉长闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及岩石地球化学特征

本文对柴达木盆地北缘西段嗷唠山辉长闪长岩进行了系统的年代学和地球化学研究,分析其成因,并对晚古生代柴北缘构造属性特征给予补充。研究表明,嗷唠山辉长闪长岩具低SiO_2、K_2O值,富钠、富铝、高Mg#等特征。测试样品富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K等,亏损高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti、P等,∑LREE/∑HREE和(La/Yb)N值均较低,具有较微弱的负Eu异常至正Eu异常。稀土元素配分曲线显示,相对同期中酸性岩浆岩而言,曲线更为平坦,轻重稀土分异程度较低。通过锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb定年,获得了辉长闪长岩样品加权平均年龄为370.4±3.4Ma,对应于古生代晚泥盆世岩浆活动。主、微量元素地球化学特征分析表明,岩石具有岛弧或活动大陆边缘岩浆岩的属性,可能起源于受地壳物质混染,并受俯冲流体交代的岩石圈地幔区。总结前人对柴北缘新元古代—古生代洋壳俯冲、陆陆碰撞的构造背景分析,并结合本次地球化学构造环境判别,认为嗷唠山辉长闪长岩形成于造山期后岩石圈拆沉所导致的拉张、伸展、减薄的构造环境,标志着柴北缘地区加里东期造山作用的结束。     

西准噶尔宝贝岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学与地球化学

宝贝岩体位于新疆西准噶尔南部的晚古生代达尔布特中酸性岩浆岩带中,其主要岩性为花岗斑岩。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结合锆石阴极发光图像（CL）和U、Th元素特征,获得宝贝岩体的年龄为297±10 Ma （MSWD = 14）,时代属晚石炭世晚期。花岗斑岩为典型的斑状结构,斑晶以斜长石、条纹长石和石英为主;岩石中SiO₂含量为74.59%～76.26%、全碱变化于8.13%～8.63%;铝饱和指数A/CNK为1.00～1.02,属弱过铝质;岩石轻稀土富集且轻重稀土元素分馏明显,（La/Yb）_N为1.54～3.05,负Eu异常（δEu为0.25～0.53）;富集Rb、Th、U、K和LREE等大离子亲石元素,而贫Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素,属高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩系列。根据岩体的成因类型并结合区域构造环境演化,分析认为西准噶尔不仅在晚石炭世早期存在与俯冲作用相关的岛弧花岗岩,在晚石炭世晚期-早二叠纪早期也存在持续俯冲作用,在此环境下形成了与俯冲作用相关的岛弧型宝贝花岗斑岩。     

准噶尔盆地南缘小渠子背斜T/P 同构造不整合几何学、运动学特征及地质意义

为探讨准噶尔盆地南缘二叠纪-三叠纪盆地构造性质及构造演化过程,笔者对盆地南缘小渠子背斜保存较完整的T/P 不整合进行了几何学、运动学和沉积韵律旋回特征的分析。T/P 不整合具有同构造不整合的特点,表现为不整合之下削蚀、之上超覆,是由于盆地南缘经历晚二叠世-早三叠世区域性挤压作用造成的。通过对小渠子地区深层地质结构的分析,认为晚二叠世-早三叠世的构造演化过程与早石炭世伸展断陷的反转密切相关。