电阻率法在防治莱州湾地区海水入侵中的应用

阐述电阻率法在莱州湾地区海水入侵防治研究中应用的理论依据、监测指标.对海、咸水入侵区地层电阻率的变化规律,咸、淡水界面的确定,圈定海水入侵通道及界面运移规律做了分析.     

遗迹相在边缘海相分析中的应用

本质上,边缘海相储层是由一系列复杂排列的岩相所组成,代表几种亚环境结合部位的特征。在边缘海环境中,对应于相对海平面变化,关键的层序界面之上可被淡水、半咸水和纯海水(沉积)所覆盖。因此,在对这样的储层进行勘探和开发时,区分淡水、半咸水和纯海水沉积就显得格外重要。而遗迹化石组合有助于区分这些环境。总的来说,半咸水遗迹化石组合有如下特征：①低分异度;②贫乏的海相组合,而不是海相和非海相的混合;③由机会物种形成的简单构造组成;④遗迹组合常以某个遗迹属为主;⑤形态微小;⑥由Skolithos和Cruziana遗迹相中常见的垂直和水平遗迹化石构成。     

配置自复位耗能跨低多层钢框架体系的能量系数

利用超弹性SMA螺栓梁柱节点的耗能能力和自复位特性,将其引入到耗能跨而构建"自复位耗能跨",基于既有的节点试验研究结果对结构体系的滞回性能进行了探讨。在此基础上,以具有旗形滞回特征的单自由度体系为工具,对配置自复位耗能跨低多层钢框架体系的能量系数进行推导。能量系数可以合理量化具有旗形滞回规则结构的峰值响应需求,能量系数越低,表明地震动下结构的峰值响应越低。为了阐明滞回参数对能量系数的影响,对具有不同滞回参数组合可代表低多层结构的等效SDOF体系进行了非线性动力分析,参数组合包括周期、屈服后刚度比、延性系数及能量比。同时对能量系数的离散性也进行了分析。结果表明:能量系数及能量系数的离散性受结构周期、屈服后刚度比及延性系数影响较大,受能量比的影响较小。     

青岛胶州湾湿地水鸟资源现状及保护对策

胶州湾是山东半岛面积最大的河口海湾型湿地,湿地总面积约3.7万hm2,由于其特殊的地理位置和丰富的湿地生物资源,成为亚太地区水鸟迁徙的重要停歇地和越冬地。目前胶州湾湿地鸟类有12目26科156种,其中包括许多全球濒危和国家级重点保护种类。鉴于目前胶州湾的不断萎缩及湿地生物多样性和生态环境的不断破坏现状,为保护湿地水鸟资源,恢复胶州湾良好的生态环境,应尽早建立湿地自然保护区,开展水鸟资源的保护和湿地环境生态改造,为亚太地区候鸟的顺利迁徙提供良好的栖息地,推动青岛市自然保护区建设事业。     

Dynamics of shoreline and land reclamation from 1985 to 2015 in the Bohai Sea,China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Extraction and analysis of the shoreline and land reclamation patterns are important for studies on topics such as the dynamics of coastal wetland ecological...     

渤海湾歧口凹陷海底表层沉积物苯系物特征分析

通过分析渤海湾歧口凹陷99个站位的海底表层沉积物中的苯系物特征,发现苯与其余苯系物指标之间呈现弱相关性,其余苯系物之间表现为中等程度相关至极强相关。苯系物的降解特点是导致苯系物相关性特征的主要原因,因此应及时对样品进行苯系物含量检测。分析该研究区的苯系物的分布特征,表明苯系物与现有油气藏具有非常好的对应关系,构造对苯系物的分布具有导向性,苯系物的分布特征对油气藏具有非常好的指示意义。     

Investigation of wave characteristics in a semi-enclosed bay based on SWAN model validated with buoys and ADP-observed currents

In this study, the simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) model with a locally refined curvilinear grid system was constructed to simulate waves in Jervis Bay and the neighbouring ocean of Australia, with the aim of examining the wave characteristics in an area with special topography and practical importance. This model was verified by field observations from buoys and acoustic Doppler profilers (ADPs). The model precisions were validated for both wind-generated waves and open-ocean swells. We present an approach with which to convert ADP-observed current data from near the bottom into the significant wave height. Our approach is deduced from the Fourier transform technique and the linear wave theory. The results illustrate that the location of the bay entrance is important because it allows the swells in the dominant direction to propagate into the bay despite the narrowness of the bay entrance. The wave period T p is also strongly related to the wave direction in the semi-enclosed bay. The Tp is great enough along the entire propagating direction from the bay entrance to the top of the bay, and the largest Tp appears along the north-west coast, which is the end tip of the swells’ propagation.     

青岛胶州湾跨海大桥InSAR形变数据分解和信息提取

本文以青岛市胶州湾跨海大桥为研究对象,针对2014-01—2016-03 PS-InSAR技术测得的形变数据进行信息深度挖掘。在数据处理过程中,首先引入形变随季节变化及形变随温度变化的两种新模型,然后分别采用传统线性模型和这两种模型对PS点形变数据进行了分解,通过对比3种模型与实测形变数据的匹配程度,评估不同模型在桥梁分析过程中的性能。数据分析结果证实,随季节变化的周期型形变是桥梁主要形变,进而线性—周期模型的分析效果最好。同时,基于桥梁某区间的数据,重点分析了该区间内形变信息沿桥梁纵向的剖面图,并结合桥梁结构信息,对伸缩缝两侧PS点的形变特征及成因进行重点讨论。实测数据分析证实了InSAR技术具备监测桥梁微小形变信息的能力。在未来应用过程中,它能对桥梁形变风险进行早期识别,提前对风险桥梁及其风险区域进行预报,并为风险成因分析提供测量数据,最终为城市桥梁风险管理提供技术支持。     

黄河口及邻近渤海海域表层沉积物中CaO和蒙皂石分布及其对黄河入海物质运移的指示

利用X射线荧光和X射线衍射仪,对2007年8—9月取自现代黄河口及其邻近渤海海域的250个表层沉积物中的CaO和蒙皂石含量做了分析。结果表明,CaO和蒙皂石含量平面分布趋势相似,总体呈现由黄河口向东方向逐渐降低的趋势,依次可以划分出莱州湾西部高值区(Ⅰ区)、中间过渡区(Ⅱ区)和莱州湾东部低值区(Ⅲ区)。研究区沉积物中CaO和蒙皂石含量的这种分布特征,主要是黄河入海物质和水动力条件共同作用的结果。因此,该区域CaO和蒙皂石含量的分布不仅能反映黄河入海沉积物的运移,同时,对黄河口区的水动力条件有很好的指示意义。     

Numerical modeling of crenulate bay shapes

A numerical model is developed to compute the shoreline planform in a crenulate bay beach. The new model combines polar and Cartesian coordinates and can be used effectively to compute a hooked zone shoreline in the lee of upcoast headland. The model is calibrated using laboratory data with an incident wave angle ranging from 25° to 60°. The results of calibration and verification suggest that the ratio of the sediment transport parameters by wave and longshore current in this model is close to unity, and the computed shoreline planforms for the hooked and unhooked zones are in good agreement with the ones measured, especially when a bay is close to static equilibrium. In addition, the bay shape calculated by the present model is similar to that given by the well-known empirical parabolic equation for a bay in static equilibrium. The process of bay shape development from a straight beach to a static equilibrium bay is studied using laboratory experiments and the present numerical model. The temporal variations in the computed longshore sediment transport at different locations within a bay beach are analyzed. From this the decrease in the sediment transport becomes apparent while a bay beach changes its shape from straight toward a state of equilibrium. Based on this experience, it may be concluded that the present numerical model can produce a temporal change in the shoreline planform of a crenulate bay beach from a transition state to static equilibrium subject to seasonal wave action.