Population parameters of Pleopis polyphemoides (Crustacea, Cladocera) in a tropical bay

Populations of Pleopis polyphemoides were studied in Guanabara Bay, southeastern Brazil, to assess temporal variations in density and population parameters. The abundance of P. polyphemoides varied widely during summer, and collapsed in fall–winter. These variations probably resulted from the combined effects of water temperature and predation pressure. It is assumed that the planktonic population began by hatching from resting eggs, while the collapse of the planktonic population in April seemed to be related to lower temperatures and high densities of predatory chaetognaths.     

Numerical Simulation of Residual Circulation due to Bottom Roughness Variability Under Tidal Flows in A Semi-Enclosed Bay

1 .IntroductionWater pollution has a large influence on water environment and our life ;for example ,it some-times induces oxygen depression,blue tide andredtide in a bay.For water purificationin a semi-en-closed sea ,some new methods to activate the tidal exchange between an inner bay and an outer seaarea by control of a tidal residual current have been proposed (Awayaet al .,1995) . Huthnance(1973) ,Zimmerman (1978 ,1981) , Loder (1980) ,and Robinson (1983) considered cases wherethe fricti…     

胶州湾环流和污染扩散的数值模拟Ⅴ、胶州湾变空间步长的嵌套模型

在对某一海域的流场进行数值模拟时,尽量提高目标水域的分辨率是普遍追求的目标之一。本文以胶州湾为例,提出了一个大、小网格嵌套的数值模型,并对海域内的防波堤狭长岛屿等视为线边界进行了数值处理,得到了满意的计算结果。     

莱州太平湾及附近海域二维平流——扩散输运数值计算应用实例

应用ADI方法,建立莱州太平湾及附近海域的二维平流—扩散输运模型。在计算流场的基础上,对该海域沿岸排放的有机污染物对水质产生的影响做了计算分析及预测。     

山东莱州三山岛—刁龙嘴地区沙坝泻湖沉积和演化

大量钻孔岩芯，微古资料和Ｃ＾１４测年数据说明山东莱州三山岛－刁龙咀地区７．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．开始海侵。由于ＳＷ向泥沙流提供物源和莱州浅滩的消能作用，于５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来，先后形成莱州沙坝和泻湖系列。２ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来，许多泻湖先后被冲积物掩埋或被封闭成淡水湖。在刁龙咀西北的浅滩区目前正发育最新的沙咀。     

Water circulation dynamics, water column nutrients and plankton productivity in a well-flushed tropical bay in Kenya

Water circulation, water column nutrients and plankton productivity were studied in a tropical bay with high rates of water exchange (60% to 90% per tide) and short residence times (3 to 4 h). The water circulation is predominantly affected by the semi-diurnal tides, which cause strong and reversing currents in the mangrove creeks (0.60 m·s⁻¹) and currents of low magnitude in the neighbouring seagrass and coral reef zones (< 0.30 m·s⁻¹). Tidal asymmetry, with relatively stronger ebb than flood flows in the mangrove creeks, promotes the net export of nutrients from the river mouth and of organic matter from the mangroves to the seagrass beds. The main sources of the dissolved inorganic nutrients are two rivers (the Kidogoweni and Mkurumuji) which discharge (up to 17.0 m³·s⁻¹) in the upper and lower regions of the bay. The increased input of nutrients did not cause eutrophic conditions since nutrients were rapidly flushed out of the bay. The mangrove biotope generated small amounts of dissolved nutrients which are likely to be used for primary production within the mangrove zone. The production of nutrients in the mangrove zone was masked by high rates of flushing, such that no appreciable nutrient signal was detected in the dry season when the influence of the rivers diminished. The rates of primary production were low in the mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef biotopes in the dry season. Primary production increased slightly during the rainy season. The level of chlorophyll a in the mangrove biotope increased during ebb tides and decreased during flood tides. The highest zooplankton densities, which could not be related directly to primary production in the water-column, occurred at the seagrass station during the wet season.     

ECOM模式的改进及在长江河口、杭州湾及邻近海区的应用

基于原正交ECOM(Estuarine Coastal and Ocean Model)模式，把它改进为非正交曲线坐标系下模式，以较好地拟合河口海岸岸线的变化，有效提高局部空间分辨率，提高计算速度和精度；应用预估修正法提高模式的稳定性；扣除局域平均密度层结提高。坐标系下斜压压强梯度力的计算精度；采用Euler-Lagrange方法改进物质输运方程中的平流项计算方法。数值试验结果证明以上4种方法有效地提高了模式的计算精度。把改进的模式应用于长江河口、杭州湾及邻近海区，模拟结果与观测资料较为一致。改进后的模式可更好地应用于河口海岸的研究中。     

Distribution characteristics of size-fractionated chlorophyll a, primary production and new production in the Laizhou Bay, July 1997

The distributions of chlorophyll a concentration, primary production and new productionwere observed in the Laizhou Bay of the Bohai Sea in both spring and neap tides during July 1997. The results showed that there were marked features of spatial zonation in the surveyed area, due to the differences between the geographic environment and the hydrological conditions. Chlorophyll a, primary production and new production were all higher in spring tides than that in neap tides in the Laizhou Bay. The highest values of these parameters were encountered in the central regions of the bay. At most stations, chlorophyll a concentrations at the bottom were higher than that at the surface. The results of size-fractionated chlorophyll a and primary production showed that contributions of nano-combining pi-coplankton ( > 20 μm) to total chlorophyll a and primary production were dominant in phytoplankton community biomass and production of the Laizhou Bay. The environmental factors, primary production and new product     

海西湾潮流、COD扩散运动的数值模拟

本文采用 ADI 方法模拟了海西湾的潮流、水位场和 COD 扩散运动,所得结果与观测值符合较好。计算结果表明:海西湾自净稀释能力良好;扩建后的薛家岛码头,若以0.5t/d 的 COD 负荷量排放,整个海湾水均属一类水质;如果以二类水质标准来评价距离码头500m 以外的海域,薛家岛码头的最大 COD 负荷量可达2.3t/d.