关于滇东北MVT型铅锌矿成矿时代的讨论

滇东北地区是我国重要的铅锌矿产品生产基地,区内发育多个大型密西西比河谷型(Mississippi valley-type,MVT型)铅锌矿床,个别矿床(会泽)达到超大型.前人对该区域的铅锌矿床开展了大量的年代学研究工作,获得了一大批成矿年龄,本文在通过对各类同位素测年方法在该类型矿床中使用存在的弊端进行分析后,基于滇东...     

Chronology and Geochemistry of Mesozoic Volcanic Rocks in the Linjiang Area,Jilin Province and their Tectonic Implications

Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical analytical results are presented for the volcanic rocks of the Naozhigou, Ergulazi, and Sidaogou Formations in the Linjiang area, southeastern Jilin Province to constrain the nature of magma source and their tectonic settings. The Naozhigou Formation is composed mainly of andesite and rhyolite and its weighted mean 206Pb/238U age for 13 zircon grains is 222±1 Ma. The Ergulazi Formation consists of basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite, and andesite, and six grains give a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 131±4 Ma. The Sidaogou Formation consists mainly of trachyandesite and rhyolite, and six zircon grains yield a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 113±4 Ma. The volcanic rocks have SiO2=60.24%–77.46%, MgO=0.36%–1.29% (Mg#=0.32–0.40) for the Naozhigou Formation, SiO2=51.60%–59.32%, MgO=3.70%–5.54% (Mg#=0.50–0.60) for the Ergulazi Formation, and SiO2=58.28%–76.32%, MgO=0.07%–1.20% (Mg#=0.14–0.46) for the Sidaogou Formation. The trace element analytical results indicate that these volcanic rocks are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), relative depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs, Nb, Ta, and Ti), and negative Eu anomalies. Compared with the primitive mantle, the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Linjiang area have relatively high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7053-0.7083) and low εNd(t) values (?8.38 to ?2.43), and display an EMII trend. The late Triassic magma for the Naozhigou Formation could be derived from partial melting of a newly accretional crust with the minor involvement of the North China Craton basement and formed under an extensional environment after the collision of the Yangtze Craton and the North China Craton. The Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks for the Ergulazi and Sidaogou Formations could be formed under the tectonic setting of an active continental margin related to the westward subduction of the Izanagi plate.     

新疆肯登高尔铜钼矿区侵入岩年代学、地球化学及其大地构造意义

肯登高尔铜钼矿床是新疆西天山博罗科努成矿带中一处矽卡岩型矿床,矿体赋存于纳林果勒中酸性侵入体与上石炭统东图津河组钙质粉砂岩夹碳酸盐岩的接触带上。纳林果勒岩体主要由花岗闪长岩与二长花岗岩组成。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年,获得花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩的加权平均年龄分别为316.3±3.5Ma和298.9±3.3Ma,表明两者侵位时代分别为晚石炭世和早二叠世。地球化学组成上花岗闪长岩具有高硅和高钠的特征,富集Sr、Rb和Th,亏损Nb、Ta、Yb和Y,无Eu异常,岩石具有埃达克岩的特征,是造山晚期加厚下地壳部分熔融的产物。二长花岗岩具有富硅、富钾、低铝的特征,富集Rb、Th、Nb和Hf,亏损Sr、Ta和Ti,具有明显Eu负异常,岩石为高分异I型花岗岩,是岩石圈伸展减薄背景下,下地壳进一步熔融形成的基性岩浆通过分离结晶作用形成的产物。结合成岩年龄和区域构造背景,推测西天山北缘在晚石炭世进入碰撞造山阶段,在早二叠世向造山后伸展阶段过渡。     

新疆东天山哈尔里克奥陶纪的构造属性:来自火山岩LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年代学与地球化学的制约

新疆东天山哈尔里克造山带火山岩为一套酸性—基性岩(流纹岩、英安岩、安山岩、玄武岩)夹火山碎屑岩(凝灰岩)的岩石组合。流纹岩样品的LA ICP MS锆石U Pb定年结果显示,时代为中奥陶世大坪期((4688±91) Ma),代表了该套火山岩的形成年龄。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,该套火山岩SiO2含量介于4912%～7824%,TiO2介于012%～100%,Al2O3介于1131%～2086%;铝饱和指数A/CNK值为080～131(均值为099),里特曼指数σ值为019～386(均值为129),Mg#值为887～4929(均值为3120);富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Ba、Rb以及轻稀土元素(∑LREE)La、Ce,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti等。微量元素和稀土元素的相关图解与比值以及发育的捕获锆石反映了俯冲带岛弧钙碱性火山岩特征,且存在大陆地壳混染作用。综合区域地质资料分析,在早古生代期间(中奥陶世—早志留世),哈尔里克造山带存在大面积的与岛弧演化有关的加里东期岩浆活动,此期间哈尔里克造山带的构造背景为洋壳俯冲有关的岛弧环境,其形成可能与东准噶尔南部克拉麦里洋向南俯冲作用有关。     

北秦岭西段黄牛铺岩体锆石U Pb年代学、岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

对北秦岭西段黄牛铺岩体进行了LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年代学与岩石地球化学分析。结果显示,黄牛铺岩体的锆石U Pb年龄为(4493±49) Ma,表明其形成时代为晚奥陶世。黄牛铺岩体属于准铝质高钾钙碱性系列,在成因类型上具有I型花岗岩的岩石矿物学与地球化学特征,其稀土元素配分曲线呈轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损(LREE/HREE=983~1155)、铕弱负异常(δEu=082~095)的右倾型,微量元素Rb、Th、U、Sm等富集,Ta、Nb、Ti、Hf等明显亏损,表现为岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。结合区域地质资料,认为黄牛铺岩体形成于晚奥陶世商丹洋俯冲过程中的岛弧环境,是壳幔岩浆混合作用的产物,这为进一步研究北秦岭的构造演化过程提供了更加充分准确的岩浆活动证据。     

恭城—栗木断裂带的应变特征与变形环境探讨

通过系统的有限应变测量与差异应力估算,探讨了恭城—栗木断裂带的应变特征与变形环境,以其推动该断裂带的研究向更深层次发展。结果表明：①付林指数K的变化范围为0.32～1.67;应变主轴平均方位为276°∠21°,与断裂带的整体逆冲方向基本一致;断裂带的平均应变程度为2.26～3.00,属中等应变程度;断裂带的应变类型属压扁型应变与单剪型平面应变的一种复合叠加类型。②断裂带的差异应力值为40～80 MPa,变形深度小于10 km,属半脆性—半韧性的变形域。③断裂带的应变特征与变形环境及宏观构造样式基本吻合。     

THE INFLUENCE OF SLOPE AND RAIN INTENSITY ON RUNOFF AND INFILTRATION / L'influence de l'inclinaison de terrain et de l'intensité de pluie sur l'écoulement et l'infiltration

Abstract

The design and construction of a special-purpose laboratory catchment and rainfall simulator is described. The equipment consists of a soil catchment area that can be inclined at various angles. Additional instrumentation then measures the flow of water across the surface of, and through, the soil bed. Precipitation is provided by a unit that simulates rainfall at particular rates with uniform distribution.

The equipment was used to examine infiltration, runoff and other hydrological properties of a number of soils under different rainfall intensities and with different catchment slopes. Correlations were obtained for these variables.     

张家口—渤海地震活动带中东段地壳剪切波分裂研究

张家口—渤海地震活动带是我国华北地区一条重要的地震带.该区域的主压应力场方向为近EW向.本文利用2005年9月-2010年9月首都圈地区地震台站记录到的数字波形资料,采用SAM方法(剪切波分裂系统分析法),研究讨论张家口 渤海地震带中东段地壳介质各向异性的空间分布特征.结果显示:张渤活动带中部及以东区域总体的优势方向明显,为近EW方向.横跨张渤活动带两侧的快剪切波优势偏振方向的空间分布显示,地震带北侧燕山隆起区内、地震带范围内和地震带南侧华北盆地内的快剪切波优势偏振方向均为近EW方向,差异不大.     

Kinematic turbulent dynamo in a shear flow

Abstract

We consider the turbulent dynamo action in a differentially rotating flow by making use of a kinematic approach when the effect of a generated magnetic field on turbulent motions is neglected. The mean electromotive force is calculated in a quasilinear approximation. Differential rotation can stretch turbulent magnetic field lines and break the symmetry of turbulence in such a way that turbulent motions become suitable for the generation of a large scale magnetic field. The presence of shear changes the type of an equation governing the mean magnetic field. Due to shear stresses the mean magnetic field can be generated by a turbulent dynamo action even in a uniform turbulence. The growth rate depends on the length scale of the mean field being faster for the field with a smaller length scale.