泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带构造特征及油气圈闭有效性

泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带断裂极为发育，主要发育NE向和NWW向两组正断层。NE向断层断距大，延伸距离远；NWW向断层断距相对较小，延伸较短。斜坡带由于构造破碎，断层发育，圈闭类型多为断块、断鼻及断层 岩性复合型圈闭。因此，对北部斜坡带断层的展布和交切规律的研究，是识别该区圈闭的关键。     

山东蒙阴县埠洼金矿与韧性剪切带的关系

埠洼金矿受NW向台上-盘东沟韧性剪切带的控制，矿体产于剪切带中南部的英云质超糜岩中，矿体呈右行侧列式分布，成矿体用与韧性剪切变形变质导致的动力分异作用密切相关，赋矿空间为韧-脆性剪切作用形成的扩容带，是在韧性剪切基础上形成的金矿床。     

辽宁地区的幔枝构造

将辽宁地区划分为4个幔枝构造:山海关幔枝、辽东南幔枝、建平-阜新幔枝、西丰幔枝,文章分述了它们各自组成与构造特点,并举例说明了辽宁幔枝构造通过其三个次级构造单元对成矿的控制规律.     

西天山伊耳曼得型金矿流体特征及成矿环境

西天山一种以伊耳曼得和恰布坎卓它等金矿为代表的金矿类型,其成矿流体液相成分以K⁺离子为主,其次是Na⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-及少量的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺.流体气相成分以H₂O为主,其次是CO₂、H₂,少量的O₂、N₂、CH₄和CO.流体的矿化度平均为8.28g/L,盐度比较低,其范围为1.5%~0.39%(NaCl),流体的pH值在2.8~5.5之间.流体离子强度为0.146~0.18.氧逸度为lgf o₂=-35.2~-38.9,流体的pH-lgf o₂稳定范围与冰长石-绢云母型和酸性硫酸盐型金矿床的稳定范围不一致.流体温度范围为93~151.4℃.流体压力范围为5.6~17 MPa.表明成矿流体具有低温、低压和低盐度的特点.流体属于H₂O-NaCl-CO₂体系,来自大气降水.大气降水渗滤到地下,受到火山和地温梯度的影响,形成了沿一定深度运动的热循环流体.成矿流体的物理化学环境是一种过渡类型.成矿流体沿火山碎屑岩孔隙和微裂隙多次渗透交代而成矿.     

测井资料交会图法在火山岩岩性识别中的应用

在火山岩储层研究中，岩性识别显得越来越重要。在评述目前常用的岩性识别方法后，重点以测井资料交会图法为例，以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷升平气田深层白垩系营城组火山岩为对象，优选出密度测井、自然伽玛测井、声波测井、电阻率、钍铀等测井项目的数据进行交会，编制出测井曲线交会图版，并以此为依据识别出该区的火山岩主要岩性有：安山岩、玄武岩、流纹岩和凝灰岩等。识别结果与实际情况相吻合。     

吉林省水资源可持续利用研究

选取吉林省9城市具有代表性的7项指标,对吉林省水资源可持续利用情况进行了定量分析,采用因子分析(FA)法筛选出3个主因子——水污染排放、水环境质量和水资源,并采用层次分析(AHP)法对3个主因子的协调程度进行了可持续性评价.在分析评价的基础上,对吉林省各城市的水资源可持续利用提出了建议.     

Monitoring volcanic hazard using eddy covariance at Solfatara volcano, Naples, Italy

An eddy covariance (EC) station was deployed at Solfatara crater, Italy, June 8–25, 2001 to assess if EC could reliably monitor CO₂ fluxes continuously at this site. Deployment at six different locations within the crater allowed areas of focused gas venting to be variably included in the measured flux. Turbulent (EC) fluxes calculated in 30-min averages varied between 950 and 4460 g CO₂ m⁻² d⁻¹; the highest measurements were made downwind of degassing pools. Comparing turbulent fluxes with chamber measurements of surface fluxes using footprint models in diffuse degassing regions yielded an average difference of 0% (±4%), indicating that EC measurements are representative of surface fluxes at this volcanic site. Similar comparisons made downwind of degassing pools yielded emission rates from 12 to 27 t CO₂ d⁻¹ for these features. Reliable EC measurements (i.e. measurements with sufficient and stationary turbulence) were obtained primarily during daytime hours (08:00 and 20:00 local time) when the wind speed exceeded 2 m s⁻¹. Daily average EC fluxes varied by ±50% and variations were likely correlated to changes in atmospheric pressure. Variations in CO₂ emissions due to volcanic processes at depth would have to be on the same order of magnitude as the measured diurnal variability in order to be useful in predicting volcanic hazard. First-order models of magma emplacement suggest that emissions could exceed this rate for reasonable assumptions of magma movement. EC therefore provides a useful method of monitoring volcanic hazard at Solfatara. Further, EC can monitor significantly larger areas than can be monitored by previous methods.     

New unspiked K–Ar ages of volcanic rocks of the central and western sector of the Aeolian Islands: reconstruction of the volcanic stages

A geochronological study of the Filicudi, Salina, Lipari and Vulcano Islands (Aeolian Archipelago) using the unspiked potassium–argon technique provides new age data which, combined with stratigraphic correlation, better constrain the temporal evolution of volcanism. The unspiked K–Ar age of the oldest exposed lavas on Filicudi, 219±5 ka, is significantly younger than the previous estimation of 1.02 Ma. In the general context of Aeolian volcanism, this new date suggests that the volcanism of the western sector of the Aeolian Archipelago is younger than previously thought. Geochronological data point out on the rapid transition from calc–alkaline to potassic volcanism. The distribution of the K–Ar ages within the Salina–Lipari–Vulcano group shows that the volcanism started on Lipari and propagated over time northward on Salina and southward on Vulcano. Geochronological and geophysical data suggest that the onset of volcanism in the central sector of the Aeolian Arc may be due to a mantle upwelling structure located below Lipari. A change in the style of the eruptions occurred in the Salina–Lipari–Vulcano system at about 100 ka from the present. Low-energy magmatic eruptions occurred between 188 and about 100 ka. From about 100 ka to the present, higher-energy eruptions and low-energy events due to magma–water interaction also occurred. This change in the style of activity, together with the appearance of evolved products (i.e. rhyolites) during the last 50 ka, is consistent with the formation of magmatic reservoirs located at shallower depth with respect to those of the 188–100-ka period. The new geochronological data and available petrological models reveal that a change in the deep source of the primary magmas occurred in a relatively short time interval.     

略阳煎茶岭铜镍硫化物矿床Re—Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

采用矿石Re-Os同位素方法对陕西省煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石进行了成矿年代学研究,获得了878士27 Ma(1σ)的等时线年龄,首次厘定了该矿床成矿时代为新元古代,成岩成矿基本同时.通过对878 Ma硫化镍矿石初始Re-Os同位素体系的γOs计算和Re/Os值分析表明,其yOs和Re/Os值变化范围大,深部条带状矿石的Re/Os值仅为0.05,yOs为-6.70;块状矿石的Re/Os值范围为4.24～24.43,γOs为-15.37～+280.65,说明成矿过程中有壳源物质的混染;两件样品的γOs为负值(-15.37,-6.70),可能指示其超镁铁质岩浆来源于Re亏损地幔.煎茶岭超基性岩体年龄及其镍矿石的Re-Os等时线年龄与扬子克拉通北缘火山岩浆活动时间相对应,它们是扬子克拉通西北缘晋宁期构造岩浆成矿作用的产物.     

试论火山岩储层的类型及其成因特征

本文在总结前人研究的基础上，结合胜利及辽河油田最新资料，提出了一种火山岩油气藏储层分类方案，共分为火山熔岩型、火山碎屑岩型和潜火山岩型3种类型。其中火山碎屑岩型又可分为正常火山碎屑岩型和火山碎屑沉积岩型两种亚类型；潜火山岩型分为隐爆角砾岩型和蚀变岩型两种亚类型。文中结合实例对各种类型储层的成因机制、空间展布特点以及储集性的变化特征进行了阐述和讨论。