广西小平阳岩溶区地裂缝形成因素分析

８０年代以来，广西小平阳岩溶区出现了大量的地裂缝。通过调查研究．这些地裂缝的形成是受多种因素控制的．其中包括构造、土体性质、水的作用、地形地貌、气候及植被等因素。在上述因素中．构造是主导因素，上体性质是基础因素．其它则为诱发因素，也是因地质环境要素变化所引起的因素。主导因素是通过诱发因素起作用的．并最终通过土体性质因素导致产土地裂缝。     

济南东部岩溶水有机污染健康风险评价

近年来,济南岩溶水有机污染越来越突出,为了探究济南岩溶水有机污染对居民健康造成的影响,保障饮用水安全,该文在系统分析研究区水文地质条件的基础上,采用USEPA推荐的健康风险评价模型,根据实际采样测试数据,分析评价了济南东部3处岩溶水井点的有机污染对其范围内暴露人群造成的健康风险。结果表明:检出的主要有机污染物为三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯。3个水井的有机污染非致癌风险未超过限值1,在可接受的范围内,四氯化碳的非致癌风险所占比例最大,为89.85%; 3个采样点有机污染致癌风险,超出了其可接受水平的最小限制10-6,但均未超出可接受的致癌风险的最大限制10-4,风险指数均在10-6~5.0×10-5之间,应该引起关注,产生致癌风险的主要污染物为三氯乙烯。有机污染非致癌风险和致癌风险的主要暴露途径为呼吸吸入,其次是饮水吸收,皮肤接触暴露途径风险值最小。     

枣庄南部岩溶塌陷风险预测及评估

枣庄南部岩溶塌陷发育,严重制约着当地经济的发展,并对居民生产、生活构成威胁。通过对影响岩溶塌陷的各要素进行系统的调查,结合当地社会经济发展资料,采用信息预测的方法,对枣庄南部岩溶塌陷进行风险预测及评估,并对不同地段的岩溶塌陷风险等级进行划分,从而为枣庄市地下水资源合理开发利用、环境治理、保护与规划提供了决策依据。     

岩溶在古地理研究中的作用——“关于古地理研究中若干原则问题的商榷”一文的补充及讨论

本文从现代、地史时期岩溶剥蚀速度及岩溶铝土矿的形成等方面探讨岩溶在古地理研究中的重大作用,从而提出稳定地区“缺失”某一时期地层,并非该时期为陆;而是前期仍有沉积,后期才真正上升为陆,遭受剥蚀。     

Flooding of Sinking Creek,Garretts Spring karst drainage basin,Jessamine and Woodford counties,Kentucky, USA

Tashamingo Subdivision in Sinking Creek karst valley, a tributary of the Garretts Spring drainage basin in Jessamine and Woodford counties, Kentucky, was flooded in February 1989. To determine the cause of flooding, the groundwater basin boundary was mapped, discharge data were measured to determine intake capacity of swallets, and hydrologic modeling of the basin was conducted. Swallet capacity was determined to be limited by the hydraulic parameters of the conduit, rather than by obstruction by trash. Flooding from a precipitation event is more likely, and will be higher, when antecedent soil moisture conditions in the watershed are near saturation. Hydrologic modeling shows that suburban development of 20 percent of the southeast basin will cause a small increase in flood stage at Tashamingo Subdivision.     

湖南岩溶水资源特征及其开发利用

本文从含水地层、构造、地貌等方面阐明了湖南省岩溶水的富集特征，对其埋藏条件、时空变化、水化学等进行了较系统的研究，并把岩溶水资源分为湘西北、湘中和湘南三大岩溶水资源区，并对其开发利用进行了探讨。     

吉林省岩溶洞穴旅游资源及其开发中的问题讨论

近年来，在吉林省中部和东南部地区，发现了一批岩溶洞穴，尚未开发利用者为多数，它们分布在奥陶系马家沟组灰岩和石炭系磨盘山组石灰岩中，规模多为中小型，个别较大，具有开发意义，建议从速开发，面向旅游事业，为振兴吉林省经济服务。     

从铜的地球化学行为探讨常宁铜鼓塘富铜矿床的成因

常宁铜鼓塘富铜(银铀)矿床,以Ⅵ号主矿体为代表,具有以辉铜矿为主的矿物组合。本文根据Cu、(Ag)的地球化学行为,阐述了不同条件下,Cu、Fe与S、O的亲疏倾向,从而形成各矿体独具特色的矿物共生组合特征。进而讨论了矿床的特定成矿环境和典型岩溶成因。最后,笔者综合分析了多种有利成矿因素,指出金鸡岭背斜及其以北地段,是普查同类型富铜矿床的远景地区。     

Speleogenesis in aeolian calcarenite: A case study in western Victoria

Most studies of karst landscapes and their processes have been concerned with consolidated, often well-jointed limestones. There are particular problems involved in the study of karst procesess in softer, less-compact limestones such as chalk, coral reefs, and aeolian calcarenite. Previous studies in aeolian calcarenite indicated these problems and a scheme was developed of speleogenesis in aeolian calcarenite. A study of karst processes in aeolian calcarenite at Bats Ridge in western Victoria has developed this scheme further. The karst features and processes at Bats Ridge are an integral part of the landscape of a mid-Pleistocene calcarenite dune system. The resolution of problems of the rapid subaerial speleogenesis in the area is achieved by the synthesis of the known karst features of the ridge and the geology and geomorphology of the area. Karst development on this aeolianite ridge depends on lithological conditions as well as the availability of aggressive water capable of solution. The diagenesis of the calcarenite is occurring now and must have been occurring by the mid-Pleistocene. This simultaneous lithification of the carbonate dunes into aeolian calcarenite rock and the development of solutional karst features in the dunes is the characteristic feature of the speleogenesis in this area. It is the formation of a hardened kankar layer (cap rock) in the dunes of sufficient compressive and tensile strength to support cavities, which is the result of these interrelated factors, that has strongly determined the formation of the karst features.     

Karst terranes and environmental aspects

Karst is a complex geological phenomenon that relates to terranes composed of limestone, dolomites, gypsum, halite, or other soluble rocks. Protection of groundwater in karst against pollution is needed because of the high velocity of its flow (several hundreds of thousands of meters per day) and where polluted materials are carried without being filtered. Protection of karstic aquifers against pathogens and rapidly degradable chemicals is carried out for the catchment areas with an estimated delay time of 60 days and for a distance of more than 30 m. Tracer methods have recently become quite useful in karst regions; a tracer may respond as a multiimpulse because of different flow lines, flow velocities, and water aquifers. Therefore, if a total water balance has to be established, nearly all answer-back impulses should be considered.