沙旺矿区不规则脉状倾斜矿体探采结合与小矿块全面法回采实践

不规则脉状倾斜矿体的开采是矿山企业急需解决的技术问题。该文结合矿山采矿法的多年实践,详细地介绍了沙旺矿区小矿体回采的探采结合采矿法和小矿块全面采矿法的结构布置、参数确定、使用情况及具体措施。采场应用结果表明：这2种采矿方法能够安全地、最大限度地提高资源利用率,可带来显著的社会效益和经济效益。     

Evaluating the effectiveness of heavy liquid density separation in isolating K-feldspar grains using alluvial sediments from the Hajar Mountains,Oman

Heavy liquid density separation is commonly utilised in isolating specific minerals from bulk sediment for luminescence dating. K-feldspars are commonly separated from other minerals by isolating the <2.58 g cm⁻³ fraction which yields infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals conducive to dating. However, initial measurements of the IRSL and thermoluminescence (TL) signals from the <2.58 g cm⁻³ fraction of alluvial fan sediments from the Hajar Mountains, northern Oman, were atypical of K-feldspar luminescence signals reported in the literature. In this study, three different density separates (<2.58 g cm⁻³, 2.58–2.54 g cm⁻³ and <2.565 g cm⁻³) were trialled to attempt to isolate pure K-feldspar samples for dating, to measure K-feldspar IRSL signals which are not contaminated with inputs from other feldspar, quartz and/or heavy mineral signals. The mineralogy of these separates was explored using microscopy, X-ray diffraction and mass spectrometry. We found that despite more refined heavy liquid density separation, the proportions of K-feldspar in these separates had a maximum of 40% by weight, remaining significantly contaminated by other minerals. IRSL and TL signals were atypical of K-feldspar for all density separates and it is likely that there is a contribution of signal from IR-sensitive contaminants, such as muscovite. This highlights the importance of investigating the mineralogy of samples for luminescence dating, especially in regions where little prior work has been undertaken.     

Bleachability of pIRIR signal from single-grain K-feldspar

The high-temperature (e.g., >200 °C) post-infrared infrared (pIRIR) stimulated luminescence of feldspar has been widely used for dating, because it usually suffers negligibly from anomalous fading. However, compared to the quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or low-temperature (e.g., 50 °C) IR stimulated luminescence (IRSL) from feldspars, the high-temperature pIRIR signals have been shown to bleach more slowly and usually have high residual does of a few Gys or more, which limits its application to date relatively young samples and may cause problems for correcting residual dose/signal. In this study, we investigated the bleachability of K-feldspar pIRIR signals for individual grains. A significant variation in the bleachability of the pIRIR signal was observed among different K-feldspar grains from the same sample. Experiments show that such a variability may result in different residual doses for different grains and, consequently, additional scatter in D_e values. We present a method for quickly testing the bleachability of individual grains. Our result suggests that selecting the easy-to-bleach grains for D_e determination provides an efficient way to date young samples using high-temperature pIRIR signals, which avoids the compromise of using low-temperature pIRIR signals that may suffer from anomalous fading.     

湘东北幕阜山地区中生代构造—岩浆特征及其对稀有金属伟晶岩的控制

幕阜山地区发育燕山期大型花岗岩体,形成了大量花岗伟晶岩脉及相关稀有金属矿床或矿化体。尽管前人对该地区花岗岩、伟晶岩和稀有金属矿床的地质地球化学特征、形成时代、空间展布和演化过程等进行了系统研究并取得大量成果,但地质构造对花岗岩和稀有金属伟晶岩的控制作用尚缺乏研究。鉴此,笔者等通过跨幕阜山岩体接触带的多个地质剖面调查,结合区域地质和矿产发育特征,对幕阜山地区中生代构造—岩浆演化过程以及构造对花岗岩体、伟晶岩脉和接触变质带的控制作用等进行了研究,形成以下主要认识：(1)中生代—新生代早期,研究区自早至晚经历了早—中三叠世海相盆地、中三叠世后期—晚三叠世印支运动、晚三叠世晚期—中侏罗世早期类前陆盆地、中侏罗世晚期早燕山运动、晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期花岗质岩浆活动与成矿、早白垩世晚期—古近纪中期区域伸展与断陷盆地、古近纪中晚期NE向挤压等7个构造阶段。(2)幕阜山岩体边界主要受NW向、NE向和NEE向等3组断裂控制,其构造机制实质为岩体区断块和岩体外断块对岩浆侵位过程的控制。(3)岩体侵位构造可定性划分为低侵位缓倾接触构造、低侵位陡倾接触构造、高侵位缓倾接触构造和高侵位陡倾接触构造等4类,其中低...     

AMT和地电化学测量法在川西雅江木绒锂矿区 深部找矿中的研究及应用

川西木绒锂矿区位于雅江穹窿群北东部、甲基卡稀有金属矿田西部外围,有良好的稀有金属成矿前景,但受限于高原地区地形切割深、第四系覆盖层厚,常规物化探方法（土壤测量、大功率电法测量）找矿效果不佳。本文通过在雅江木绒锂矿区进行地电化学测量与AMT测量相配合的综合研究,探寻一套适合于深切割地区深部找矿的技术组合,为在该区域内寻找同类型矿床提供技术方法支撑。通过实验研究,地电化学测量结果显示在500 m以浅Li元素及伴生元素的组合异常对深部锂矿（化）体有良好的指示作用;AMT测量方法的电阻率曲线梯度带能够反映脉状矿化体、伟晶岩的产出部位及大致埋深;通过钻孔验证发现两者异常与矿（化）体位置耦合度非常高,证明该综合手段对深部找矿具有实际意义,可降低找矿风险;同时在矿区外围开展找矿预测,圈定两处找矿靶区,为下一步找矿工作指明方向。     

玲珑东风金矿床171号脉金矿地质特征及成因探讨

玲珑金矿田东风矿床171号脉金矿,产于胶西北地区著名的玲珑金矿田南东部,受NEE向破头青断裂控制。矿脉、矿体形态、产状与断裂带基本相同,带内岩石蚀变分带现象较明显;矿体主要分布于断裂带下盘,呈似层状、大脉状,沿走向及倾向显舒缓波状,局部具分支、复合特征;厚度变化较稳定,有用组分分布较均匀;矿石类型包括黄铁绢英岩型和黄铁绢英岩质碎裂岩型。研究表明,中生代燕山晚期的构造—岩浆活动为成矿提供了热源及定位空间,成矿物质具壳、幔混合源特征,成矿流体主要来源于幔源,有大气水和岩浆水的加入;矿床成因为中温热液型金矿。     

应用X射线荧光光谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法研究湖南传梓源地区稀有金属矿床伟晶岩地球化学特征

本文利用X射线荧光光谱和电感耦合等离子体质谱分析技术对传梓源地区锂辉石伟晶岩、钠长石伟晶岩和钾长石伟晶岩开展研究,获得三种类型伟晶岩地球化学特征。锂辉石伟晶岩具高Al2O3(16.23%~16.4%)、高K2O(3.05%~5.22%)和高分异指数(DI=91.13~94.9),微量元素富集Rb、K而亏损Ba、Sr、Ti,稀土元素含量低(ΣREEs=2.9×10-6~3.5×10-6);钠长石伟晶岩富Na2O(5.58%~7.41%)而贫K2O(0.98%~2.62%),微量元素Rb/Sr值相对于锂辉石伟晶岩呈降低变化而稀土元素为升高变化;钾长石伟晶岩富K2O(9.13%)而贫Na2O(1.69%),微量元素Zr/Hf和K/Rb值相对于锂辉石伟晶岩和钠长石伟晶岩呈升高变化的特征。表明岩浆在演化过程中发生了不混溶作用、钠长石交代作用和钾长石交代作用,分别形成了Li、Rb矿化锂辉石伟晶岩,Nb、Ta、Be矿化钠长石伟晶岩和无矿化钾长石伟晶岩,这些地球化学特征是稀有金属矿床找矿地球化学标志。     

阿尔泰阿斯喀尔特Be-Nb-Mo矿床年代学、锆石Hf同位素研究及其意义

阿斯喀尔特Be-Nb-Mo矿床位于新疆阿尔泰东段可可托海伟晶岩矿集区,Be储量达大型,产出宝石并伴生Nb、Mo、Ga矿化。该矿床同时发育花岗岩型与伟晶岩型两类稀有金属矿化,晚阶段有辉钼矿、黄铁矿等硫化物发育,在阿尔泰伟晶岩省具有独特性。本文对矿区内的白云母钠长花岗岩、Be矿化白云母钠长花岗岩以及条带状伟晶岩进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及Hf同位素研究,对伟晶岩中不同产状的辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年。获得的锆石238U/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为219.2±2.9Ma、222.6±4.6Ma与218.2±3.9Ma,辉钼矿Re-Os加权平均年龄为218.6±1.3Ma,表明伟晶岩形成稍晚于花岗岩,花岗-伟晶岩系统的演化时间较短;锆石εHf(t)值分别为-0.72~+1.33、-0.36~+1.99与-0.45~+0.38,t DM C模式年龄分别为1169~1298Ma、1130~1279Ma与1229~1282Ma,表明花岗岩与伟晶岩具有类似的源区,以前寒武纪微陆块的壳源物质为主。花岗岩与伟晶岩形成于后造山板内演化阶段,与加厚地壳的熔融有关。根据矿化组合、源区特征并结合大地构造背景,提出阿斯喀尔特伟晶岩属于LCT型。地质、地球化学及年代学特征表明白云母钠长花岗岩为伟晶岩的成矿母岩。     

黑龙江省漠河县砂宝斯金矿床流体特征及矿床成因

成因类型与控矿条件的不确定一直是制约砂宝斯金矿床找矿突破的关键因素.就成矿背景而言, 多数学者认为其形成于造山过程的挤压背景, 而是否与伸展构造体系有关则鲜有研究.为重新确定砂宝斯金矿床的成因类型, 在详实的野外调研基础上, 对该矿床的控矿构造、成矿流体特征、成矿物质来源等方面展开深入研究.结果表明, 矿床受大型拆离断层控制, 矿体主要赋存于拆离断层的次级张性断裂中.通过扫描电镜首次发现了含砷黄铁矿, 与毒砂、黄铁矿共生于早阶段, 指示该矿床形成于中温或中温偏高的热液环境.石英中流体包裹体较为发育, 以气液两相为主.主成矿阶段流体具有中温(峰值为200~260℃)、低盐度(平均值为5.56% NaCl equiv.)、低密度(平均值为0.87g/cm3)的特征.成矿流体气相成分主要为H₂O、CO₂与CH₄, 属于H₂O-CO₂-CH₄体系.硫主要来自深源岩浆(成矿早阶段黄铁矿δ34S为-1.3‰~5.6‰), 也有少量地层硫.成矿流体盐度随着温度降低而降低, 不同流体混合是成矿物质卸载沉淀成矿的主要机制.综合研究表明, 砂宝斯金矿床的成因类型属受拆离断层控制的中温热液脉型金矿床, 形成于燕山晚期地壳强烈伸展和幔源物质大规模参与地壳演化的构造背景.      

内蒙古道嘎金矿区地质特征及找矿地球物理标志

道嘎金矿化区位于内蒙古自治区额济纳旗境内,地处北山成矿带东段。区内主要矿体均赋存于碎石山组浅变质碎屑岩以及华力西期闪长岩体中,矿体的产出主要受北东向和近东西向断裂构造控制。区内金矿化类型以含金石英脉型为主,主要发育角砾状含硫化物石英脉和含电气石石英脉两种类型矿石,矿床成因属中温热液脉型金矿床。选择成矿地质条件最为有利的Ⅰ号和Ⅳ号两条矿脉所在区域展开激电中梯测量工作,结果表明,已知矿脉出露附近激电异常较明显,其异常范围的视极化率在5%~9%之间,视电阻率在50~300Ω·m之间。因此,该区找矿有效的地球物理标志为低电阻高极化率异常。