Monitoring of Over Cutting Area and Lubrication Distribution in a Large Slurry Pipe Jacking Operation

Slurry pipe jacking was firmly established as a special method for the non-disruptive construction of the underground pipelines of sewage systems. Pipe jacking, in its traditional form, has occasionally been used for short railways, roads, rivers, and other projects. Basically the system involves the pushing or thrusting of concrete pipes into the ground by a number of jacks. In slurry pipe jacking, during the pushing process, mud slurry and lubricant are injected into the face and the over cutting area that is between the concrete pipes and the surrounding soil. Next, the slurry fills voids and the soil stabilizes due to the created slurry cake around the pipes. Fillings also reduce the jacking force or thrust during operation. When the drivage and pushing processes are finished, a mortar injection into the over cutting area is carried out in order to maintain permanent stability of the surrounding soil and the over cutting area. Successful lubrication around the pipes is extremely important in a large diameter slurry pipe jacking operation. Control of lubrication and gaps between pipes and soil can prevent hazards such as surface settlement and increases in thrust. Also, to find voids around the pipes after the jacking process, in order to inject mortar for permanent stabilizing, an investigation around the pipes is necessary. To meet these aims, this paper is concerned with the utilization of known methods such as the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) system and borehole camera to maintain control of the over cutting area and lubricant distribution around the pipes during a site investigation. From this point of view, experiments were carried out during a tunnel construction using one of the largest cases of slurry pipe jacking in Fujisawa city, Japan. The advantages and disadvantages of each system were clarified during the tests.     

翁牛特旗--库伦旗一带严重缺水区的地质环境及找水途径

翁牛特旗--库伦旗一带为西辽河平原周边的严重缺水区.通过分析研究区地下水形成的地质环境,认为降水量、地形地貌、岩性构造和地下水循环是造成研究区严重缺水的主要因素,地层岩性和新构造运动是影响地下水富集的决定性因素.指出要加强含水层的岩性和构造、基岩区的断裂性质和产状的研究,并提出在基岩区、低山丘陵区寻找构造裂隙水和断裂带脉状水是解决研究区严重缺水的较好途径.     

福建省滨海火电厂地质灾害问题及风险控制探讨

滨海火力发电厂工程主要包括厂区建筑、码头、管道、取排水、填海和贮灰场等工程。其主要面临着福建省海岸带构造运动、断裂及地震活动、港湾淤积、海底滑坡、软土地基、海底活动地貌、基岩不均匀风化以及人类工程活动等主要的灾害性地质因素。通过对这些因素潜在的致灾特点分析，提出了滨海火电厂地质灾害风险控制应包括选址阶段地质灾害风险回避、设计施工阶段地质灾害风险处理及运行阶段地质灾害风险监控等3方面。地质灾害风险评估是滨海火电厂地质灾害风险控制的首要任务。针对滨海电厂工程的特点，评估内容应着重于地质灾害危险性评估及易损性评估。选址阶段地质灾害风险回避主要是对构造不稳定的回避。地质灾害风险处理主要是电厂工程的基础处理及管道抗冲刷处理。电厂运行阶段地质灾害风险监控主要是对建筑物基础稳定性及海域冲淤变化的监控。     

滑坡及危岩(崩塌)防治工程措施选择与工程设置

滑坡和危岩（崩塌）治理工程措施较多，措施组合可变性大，每种工程措施都有其相应的应用条件，不宜性、适宜性和最佳配置组合。治理工程措施选择应充分考虑治理工程功能性的具体要求、在不同工况条件下的安全性及耐久性、工期要求和投资的经济性以及后期维护的要求、工程岩土体性质及其蓄水后的变化、场地条件、施工技术条件、地方材料资源等具体制约因素以及环境保护的要求。在三峡水库区二期地质灾害防治工程国家级验收总结的基础上，对滑坡与危岩（崩塌）常用防治工程措施（排水、削方减载、回填压脚、抗滑桩、重力式抗滑挡墙、预应力锚索、格构锚固、拦石墙等）的工程适用条件、工程设置及不宜性进行了详细的分析，并提出工程设置应考虑及注意的问题。     

邯峰矿区古构造应力场与构造演化

采用共轭剪节理应力反演方法,恢复了邯郸-峰峰矿区晚古生代以来的3期古构造应力场,进而探讨了煤田构造的演化历史,将其分为4大阶段：①中生代早期近NS向挤压,煤系后期改造初动期;②中生代晚期SE-NW向挤压,奠定煤田构造格架的基础;③中生代末至古近纪NW-SE向拉张,煤田构造格架定型;④新近纪以来近东西向拉张,煤田构造的现代活动.     

晋城矿区西区9#煤层赋存规律及沉积环境

以大量勘探钻孔资料为基础,对晋城矿区西区9#煤层赋存规律、成煤古地理环境及其演化史进行了分析与研究,阐述了不同的沉积类型对煤层厚度的控制作用.为该区今后的地质勘探和煤矿开采提供了依据.     

新密煤田地热资源成因探讨

通过对新密煤田地质条件、构造条件、煤系岩石的放射性特征、下热水的水文地球化学、气体成分等特征的研究,认为形成新密煤田地热资源的热源是来自硫化矿物生热、岩浆余热以及煤系地层岩石放射性物质产热的学说证据不足;而新密煤田的水文地质条件,地质构造条件为该区地下水的深循环提供了条件,故而在该区形成了水热型的中低温地热资源.     

高陂煤矿区控煤构造及其与煤炭资源的赋存关系

结合高陂煤矿区含煤岩系特征,阐述了该区的控煤构造及其形成机制,探讨了其与煤炭资源的赋存关系,对指导新区的勘探工作具有一定的意义.     

新疆准噶尔地区富硫型与贫硫型浅成低温热液金矿床成矿流体与碳、硫、铅同位素

对新疆准噶尔地区浅成低温热液型金矿床中富硫型的阔尔真阔腊金矿、贫硫型的石英滩金矿进行了流依包裹体的均一温度、爆裂温度、包裹体气液相成分、H、O 同位素、矿体围岩及脉石英包裹体 C 同位素、矿体中黄铁矿等 S、Ph 同位素等系统地进行了研究,综合研究表明,本区该类型金矿成矿流体一般温度低、盐度低,来源主要为循环的大气水、矿石中黄铁矿的 S、Pb 同位素均为深源,暗示金的深部来源:矿体石英包裹体中 CO_2的δ~(13)C 为低于-10‰的有机碳,反映了本区年轻的富含有机质的沉积地层参与了金的成矿。此外,本文首次提出了富硫型阔尔真阔腊金矿床成矿流体中有侵入岩浆热液参与,深部有多金属成矿远景;贫硫型石英滩金矿没有侵入岩浆热液的参与,成矿仅与火山古热液活动有关,其成矿较单一。此外,阔尔真阔腊金矿中低温流体活动较强,金矿化也较强:石英滩金矿低温流体活动相对较弱,金矿化也较弱,也体现了该类型金矿床低温流体活动的越强烈,金矿化越强的规律。     

Division of Gas Accumulation System and Laws Controlling Distribution of Natural Gas in Typical Petroliferous Basins of China

Considering the existing problems of the petroleum system, this paper brings forward the concept of natural gas accumulation system and presents the dividing principles. Then detailed statistics on the accumulation factors of the 32 typical natural gas accumulation systems in China and studies on the laws controlling distribution of gas are collected. The research shows that the petroleum accumulation system is the basic unit controlling petroleum generation, migration and accumulation. Generating intensity, generating amount, accumulating efficiency and migration distance plays an important role in the distribution of natural gas. Through analysis on results of resources evaluation, discovered reserves and residual reserves, potential areas in middle-scaled petroliferous basins in China are forecasted in this paper. Ordos, Sichuan, Tarim and Qaidam basins are found out to be the main basins developing and enriching gas accumulation systems.