变质作用矿床概述

近代矿床学研究已初步摆脱经典和相对立的内生及外生作用矿床的研究范围,走向一个以整体地质环境为背景,以各种地质作用相互联系为基础的动力学研究方向,并从矿床的源区和源岩出发,在不同的地质作用下特别是与挥发组分的参与相结合,追溯其矿床的形成过程。变质作用矿床是一类中间型的矿床,属于近源迁移型。在原有地壳中含矿建造和矿源层的基础上,经历了变质作用和它的后期混合岩作用过程,并通过变质作用传导体制的不同阶段中出现的流体的参与,形成一系列由前变质矿床直至混合岩化期后矿床。文中对影响变质作用矿床的控制因素及其地位作了扼要的叙述,进行了变质作用分类的探讨,并从其传导体制中出现的热流及其形成环境上,与岩浆型花岗岩期后热液型进行对比和讨论。     

我国浅成热液金矿的分类探讨

陆相浅成热液金矿是个大概念,是数类金矿的统称。目前对其的分类,不适应理论和应用研究的需要。本文主张以成矿地球动力学环境和矿床本质特征为准则,实施浅成热液金矿的分类。对类型的划分努力体现成因类型和工业类型相结合的原则,并充分反映我国的特点。在矿床类型具体命名时,突出成矿时的浅成深度。文中将我国浅成热液金矿分为浅成脉型、浅成斑岩型和浅成矽卡岩型等三大类八个亚类。陆相浅成热液金矿在我国有广阔的找矿前景,而且在地质产状和成矿作用等方面与国外的殊为不同,值得对其作深入的理论与应用研究。     

嵩县雷门沟金矿地质特征及次生富集作用

本文从三条典型含金蚀变破碎带入手 ,通过对其次生富集带的分析、对比、归纳 ,揭示出次生富集带的深度、厚度和品位变化规律 ,并进一步从理论上阐明次生富集带的形成机理。     

中国近代金矿开发概貌

总结了我国清末至民国初期(1840—1920年)长达80年的金矿开发概貌,按现行政区划,共涉及21个省。对各省的金矿,既扼要探讨历史沿革,又尽量地汇集具体产金地名及有关地质矿产信息,期望达到治史与古为今用相结合的双重目的。     

论栾川南泥湖钼(钨)矿田成矿规律及找矿方向

本文根据已有资料和区域地质情况②，通过对区内钼（钨）矿田各矿床（点）地质特征和控矿因素的综合分析研究，并结合近几年大量的实际开采情况，运用本区的钼（钨）成矿地质理论，有针对性地分析了黄背岭—竹园沟一带与钼（钨）矿化有关的各种地质因素，深入探讨了区内钼（钨）矿床的成矿规律、成矿系列和成矿机制，对中鱼库—竹园沟和黄背岭—榆木沟西洼一带的成矿有利地段，根据区域地质条件，结合物化探成果资料，进行了系统的分析评价。为区内寻找同类矿床，扩大钼（钨）资源前景储量和普查找矿远景区指出了方向     

兰天武地区现今大地垂直形变场演化与地壳运动特征

用分段线性速率整体动态平差法处理了兰天武地区２０多年来的多期水准资料，分析了该区现今大地垂直形变场演化与地壳运动特征。研究结果表明：该区垂直形变七十年代曾表现出山间盆地大幅度上升的强烈逆继承性运动；八十年代华家岭等两北部山地上升、东南部盆地下沉的继承性运动增强；而目前基本恢复了正常的继承性运动状态。进一步分析认为：强烈逆继承性运动和继承性运动增强是区域应力场趋于强化的标志；正常继承性运动的恢复可能是应力场调整的结果。     

The <Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar/<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar geochronology constraint and geological significance of mylonites in Shangyi-Chicheng fault belt on the north of North China Craton

A dating of two biotite samples taken from the meso- and low-temperature mylonites within the Shangyi-Chicheng fault belt on the north of the North China Craton yields ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isotopic ages of (399 ± 1) Ma and (263 ± 2) Ma, respectively. These data reflect an Early Devonian deformation and a Late Carboniferous retrograde metamorphism event along the fault, suggesting that the tectonic activities of the North China Craton in Paleozoic should be reconsidered.     

Geology and isotopic composition of helium,neon, xenon and metallogenic age of the Jinding and Baiyangping ore deposits,northwest Yunnan,China

TheJindingoredeposit,locatedinthenorthwestYunnanProvince,isthelargestPb-Zndeposit(Pb Zn>15Mt1),averagingZn=6.08%andPb/Zn=1/4.7)inChinaatpresent.Toitsnorth,alargeCu-Co-AgdeposithasbeenfoundatBaiyangpingrecently1).TheJindingPb-Zndepositishostedinsandstonesa…     

大别山地震波速度剖面的重力拟合及花岗岩带

笔者对穿越大别山造山带的六安—大冶宽角反射地震剖面进行了重力拟合。拟合结果表明严格按宽角反射地震速度换算成的密度剖面所产生的是一个重力高,它反映出大别山是一个穹隆,与实测大别山重力低大相径庭。只有将位于大别山山根上,南北大别之间设置一个从地表直达莫霍界面的巨大低密度体,重力曲线才能得到很好的拟合。这个低密度体应为近北西走向的花岗岩带。它与反射地震剖面上石镇透明反射地震带位置吻合,但宽度远较反射地震透明带为大。重力曲线的拟合进一步说明,在华北陆块与扬子陆块碰撞后的白垩纪时,大别山出现一个伸展期,在这个时期,大别山穹隆形成,并伴随有大规模花岗岩的侵入,超高压变质岩从地壳中下部折返到地表。研究说明,联合应用反射地震、宽角反射地震和重力,进行综合解释是必要的,可以得到更令人信服的地质结论。     

Rare-earth element mobility during ore-forming hydrothermal alteration: A case study of Dongping gold deposit Hebei Province,China

REE mobility during hydrothermal ore-forming processes has been extensively investigated in recent years and the potential of REE to provide information about ore forming processes has commonly been recognized.The Dongping gold deposit,which is located in northwestern Hebei Province,China,occurring in the inner contact zone of the Shuiquangou syenite complex,is spatially,and probably genetically,related to the syenite,the deposit was formed under the moderate to high temperature(220℃ to 320℃),weakly acidic to weakly alkaline,rather high fo2(lgfo2=-30～-34)environment.The REE study of the host rocks,altered wall rocks,ores and gangue minerals from the deposit suggests that the REEs have been mobilized and differentiated during K-feldspathization and silicification.The extremely altered syenite enveloping auriferous quartz vein shows positive Ce anomaly and larger LREE/HREE ratio than that of the unaltered syenite.The REE concentrations and patterns of the ores are determined by the ore types and mineral assemblages,LREE/HREE ratios in the gangue quartz and hydrothermal Kfeldspars are relatively low.The most significant observation is that the gangue quartz shows significant positive Eu anomaly,whereas the hydrothermal K-feldspars show less significant or no positive Eu anomaly at all relative to the primary feldspar in the unaltered syenite. It is evident that the REEs are mobile during K-feldspathization and silicification in the ore forming process.Weak to moderate K-feldspathization caused REE mobility without apparent differentiation with the exception of extreme K-feldspathization and silicification which resulted in significant depletion of HREE and Eu and relative enrichment of Ce.The REE,Y,U,Th and Au contents of the syenite decrease as the degrees of K-feldspathization and silicification of the rocks increase towards the auriferous quartz veins.As the ores were deposited under a rather oxidized environment,Ce^4 predominated over Ce^3 .The precipitation of the former in the form of CeO2 or absorpted onto the secondary mineral assemblage resulted in the inconsistent removal of the REE and the relative Ce enrichment in the strongly altered rocks.in contrast,Eu was present mainly in a low valence state (Eu^2 ).The geochemical differences from the other REE^3 and much less sites in the secondary minerals to accommodate the Eu released form the original minerals resulted in the enrichment of Eu in the fluids.The mobility and differentiation of REE and the coherent mobilities of Y,U,Th and Au also support the argument that the syenite is one of the source rocks for gold mineralization.The REE contents and patterns of the altered rocks enveloping the auriferous quartz vein could be used as a guide for locating ore veins in mineral exploration.