瞬变电磁法在福建某铅锌矿井下勘查中的应用

老矿山深部、外围找矿是当前"以矿找矿"为重要方式。文章以福建某铅锌矿为例,通过坑道内开展小线框、大电流的瞬变电磁法获取电阻率异常,利用坑内钻进行验证,取得了良好的找矿效果,为老矿山勘探提供了新的有效的物探方法。     

吉林省辉南县腰岭子金矿地质特征及浅部资源储量预测

阐述了腰岭子金矿成矿区域地质背景、地质特征和矿区地质特征与成矿条件。总结了地质、物探、化探综合找矿成果。确定了金矿体主要赋存于韧性剪切带的硅化、黄铁矿化糜棱岩化斜长片麻岩中,由含金石英脉构成。同时对浅部资源储量进行了预测,估算出金矿体的远景资源/储量共计3.84 t。上述总结对本区找矿具有重要指导意义。     

矿山开发中的含水层破坏评估方法初探——以白山市恒基煤矿为例

本文以白山市恒基煤矿为例,在阐述矿区地质环境基础上,探讨了矿山开采中的含水层结构破坏评估方法,含水层水位、水量变化、和采矿活动对含水层水质造成的污染。最后提出了防治措施,为矿山地质环境恢复治理提供科学依据,也为其他矿山开采提供参考。     

贵州晴隆-安龙露采金矿矿山地质环境质量评价体系探讨与应用

据贵州省晴隆―安龙金矿矿山地质环境背景、现状、矿山环境地质问题、人类工程活动强度与地质环境质量的相关性,并结合金矿露采的特点,探索性地提出了一套金矿露采矿山地质环境质量评价的方法体系并用之于调查区的地质环境质量分区评价,通过专家进行野外验收和成果报告审查,一致认为评价结果比较真实地反映了调查区的实际地质环境质量状况,提出的评价方法是合理可行的,对类似金矿矿山的地质环境质量评价具有一定的借鉴意义。     

陕北榆横矿区小纪汗井田水文地质特征及矿床充水条件分析

从用顶板充水、底板突水两个角度对矿坑充水强度进行了分析,为小纪汗井田及周边开采提供了参考。     

煤矿“一张图”概念及其体系结构研究

结合参与国土资源部"一张图"工程的亲身感受及其所取得的成果,并在分析了煤矿信息化建设存在不足的基础上,提出了煤矿"一张图"的概念及其体系结构,详细探讨了煤矿"一张图"的关键技术和构建步骤,最后结合煤矿"一张图"的体系结构,分析了其在矿区安全监测监控管理中的应用,实现了基于采掘工程平面图的监测监控、人员定位应用等。     

后方交会在排土场沉降监测中应用的探讨

排土场是露天矿山的重大危险源之一,其沉降监测一直以来备受重视。本文根据某露天钼矿排土场沉降监测方法及特点,提出利用全站仪后方交会的方法进行沉降观测,通过观测实验,分别对测角、测边后方交会的坐标数据进行比较分析,综合考虑数据的精度和产生误差的原因,并依此得出测边后方交会更加适合于该露天钼矿排土场沉降观测的结论。     

贵州六盘水水城矿区小牛煤矿钻孔中断层发育特征分析

利用钻探岩心识别断裂形变、挤压扭曲、岩心破碎带等断层标志, 有利于勘探区构造地质条件的分析。通过对钻孔岩心岩性特征、地层厚度、煤层间距等方面的研究,发现ZK13钻孔在C51与C52煤层之间地层出现明显的揉皱与破碎现象、地层厚度与煤层间距增大,同时测井曲线显示地层有重复现象,推测在C51与C52煤层之间发育一逆断层;C54与C58煤层之间地层也比较破碎、地层厚度与煤层间距减小,伽玛伽玛曲线幅值增大,推测在C54与C58煤层之间发育一正断层。     

沁水煤田赵庄矿区地质构造分析与研究

在野外踏勘和室内资料整理分析的基础上,对赵庄矿区物探工作所查明的断层、井下揭露的断层以及野外观测到的断层进行了断层倾角统计和分断距统计对比分析。对矿区范围内井上下的断层和野外实测节理滑动面的发育规律进行了总结。在此基础上,分析了赵庄矿区地质构造体系及其演化规律。     

Hydrogeochemistry of mine, surface and groundwaters from the Sanggok mine creek in the upper Chungju Lake, Republic of Korea

 The Sanggok mine used to be one of the largest lead-zinc mines in the Hwanggangri mining district, Republic of Korea. The present study characterizes the heavy metal contamination in the abandoned Sanggok mine creek on the basis of physico-chemical properties of various kinds of water samples (mine, surface and groundwater). Hydrochemistry of the water samples is characterized by the relatively significant enrichment of Ca²⁺, HCO₃ ^–, NO₃ ^– and Cl^– in the surface and groundwaters, whereas the mine water is relatively enriched in Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, heavy metals, and HCO₃ ^– and SO₄ ^2–. The more polluted mine water has a lower pH and higher Eh, conductivity and TDS values. The concentrations of some toxic elements (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Se, Sr, Pb and Zn) are tens to hundreds of times higher in the mine water than in the unpolluted surface and groundwaters. However, most immobile toxic pollutants from the mine drainage were quickly removed from the surface water by the precipitation of Al and Fe oxyhydroxides. Geochemical modeling showed that potentially toxic heavy metals might exist largely in the forms of MSO₄ ^2– and M²⁺ in the mine water. These metals in the surface and groundwaters could form M²⁺, CO₃ ^2– and OH^– complex ions. Computer simulation indicates that the saturation indices of albite, alunite, anhydrite, chlorite, fluorite, gypsum, halloysite and strontianite in the water samples are undersaturated and have progressively evolved toward the saturation condition. However, barite, calcite, chalcedony, dolomite, gibbsite, illite and quartz were in equilibrium, and only clay minerals were supersaturated. Ground and mine waters seemed to be in equilibrium with kaolinite field, but some surface water were in equilibrium with gibbsite and seceded from the stability field of quartz. This indicates that surface water samples in reaction with carbonate rocks would first equilibrate with carbonate minerals, then gibbsite to kaolinite. Investigations on water quality and environmental improvement of the severely polluted Sanggok creek, as well as remediation methods on the possible future pollution of the groundwater by the acid mine drainage from the abandoned metal mines, are urgently required. Received: 4 February 2000 · Accepted: 9 May 2000