辽东南地区晚中生代地层序列与盆地演化规律

辽东南地区晚中生代地层发育不甚完全,具有两期盆地叠合演化的特征,即早中侏罗世和早白垩世两个演化阶段,经历了2次伸展裂陷和2次挤压反转。在详细研究辽东南地区各盆地岩石地层序列、生物化石组合特征、年代地层格架以及区域地层对比的基础上,讨论了盆地的演化阶段和演化规律,指出是古太平洋板块向东亚大陆边缘不同方向的俯冲与走滑,以及来自北方西伯利亚板块的持续碰撞挤压的联合构造应力场制约了中国东北地区晚中生代盆地的裂陷过程和构造反转的演化,进而为揭示华北克拉通晚中生代岩石圈演化的动力学机制提供参考依据。     

黑龙江省东部桦南隆起美作花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

为查明马家街群发生接触变质作用的时代及其构造背景,对出露于黑龙江省东部桦南隆起的美作花岗岩体进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究.结果显示:锆石具有清晰的生长振荡环带,其Th/U比值为0.12～1.04,属于典型的岩浆成因锆石;获得的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(259.0±3.6) Ma(n=14,MSWD=5.9),代表了岩体结晶年龄.美作岩体与佳木斯地块南部的青山、楚山和柴河岩体形成时代一致,其轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型式和Eu负异常以及明显的Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti亏损的特点显示为壳源成因的火山弧花岗岩;它们的形成可能与晚古生代古亚洲洋的消减作用有关,该期花岗岩的就位导致马家街群发生了接触变质作用.美作花岗岩体形成时代的厘定,不仅限定了马家街群的变质时代为晚二叠世,同时为进一步探讨佳木斯地块晚古生代构造演化提供了新证据.     

吉林省中部农业土壤中滴滴涕的残留特征

通过分析研究吉林省中部农业土壤中DDT的含量和组成,探讨了该区土壤中DDT的残留特征及其可能的生态风险。研究结果表明,吉林省中部农业土壤中普遍残留DDT,质量分数为0.384~54.159μg/kg,残留水平较低,土壤DDT同系物中以p,p’-DDT和p,p-’DDE为主。DDT的组成表明,土壤中DDT主要是过去输入环境的DDT及其降解产物,但近期仍有少量的DDT输入。生态风险评估则显示该区土壤中的DDT具有一定的生态风险,应予以重视。     

单侯井田构造发育规律及其对煤层开采的影响

从区域构造入手,对单侯井田构造进行分析,认为井田内断层发育以走向NW—NE、落差≤5m的小型正断层为主,且主要分布于大中型构造的两侧．特别是在其弧形转折带附近往往形成“羽”状雁列的小断层密集带。断层垂向上多分布于4—7号煤层之间的厚煤层发育区,其严重破坏了煤层的连续及完整性,是影响煤层开采的最主要因素之一。井田褶皱构造相对不发育,以短轴小型背、向斜为主,均属缓波状褶曲,对煤层的开采无影响或影响较小。根据井田地质构造发育程度,对其进行预测及分区评价：井田东部为强烈的构造挤压带,以发育走向NW-近EW—NE向的大型逆掩断层为特点,构造最复杂;井田西北部是相对较轻微的构造挤压带,以发育走向NE向的逆断层为特征,构造较复杂;井田南部以发育近SN或NNW向正断层为主,构造相对简单。评价结果对矿井设计及采区与工作面布置有一定的指导作用。     

盘县马依东二井田构造特征及成因分析

利用井田勘探资料及野外地质资料,对井田构造基本形态、断层发育特征及其分布规律进行分析,总结出该井田的构造模式、构造成因、构造组合特征及其演化规律。研究认为井田的构造格局是多期构造运动综合作用、相互叠加的结果。井田构造形态为一略有起伏的平缓单斜,区内NE向的高角度正断层,多属张扭性,EW向构造早于NE向构造,构造复合部位较复杂,其余区段较简单;伸展构造是井田构造的主体样式,这一结论对下一步继续勘探及煤矿开采具有指导意义。     

邢东矿井构造特征及应力应变场分析

邢东矿井位于太行山隆起带与华北沉陷带的过渡带,通过区域构造应力-应变场分析,本区先后经历了由挤压-拉张的变形过程,变形强度由弱到强。海西期构造应力影响较弱,印支期-中燕山期构造应力作用较为强烈,形成了大量的挤压结构面和压缩构造．燕山晚期-喜山期是构造形成的最终阶段,以拉张伸展变形为主,现今的多数正断层的断裂结构面仍保存有先期的挤压结构面特征。区内构造以断裂构造为主要形式,断层组合形式多样,这些构造形成期次不同,北西向断裂对北东向断裂具有限制作用。     

山西天池煤矿构造特征及其形成机制

基于天池煤矿地质勘探资料,结合区域构造背景研究了矿井地质构造特征及形成机制。天池煤矿构造属简单构造,地层总体呈走向北东、倾向北西的单斜构造,矿井内褶皱发育程度较低,断层以正断层为主,其次为低角度逆掩断层。陷落柱分布较为杂乱,成群出现,常见于褶皱轴部。自三叠纪末期开始一直受到区域构造活动的控制作用,印支期受SN向的挤压,形成了一些近EW向的构造;燕山期经历两期NWW--SEE向挤压使井田内地层及煤层主体呈NE走向;喜山早期的NE—SW向挤压,导致NE向断层的性质发生转变;上新世开始表现为区域上的伸展作用。     

First finds of Late Tithonian and middle-late Albian radiolarian assemblages in volcanogenic-siliceous rocks of the Amur River right lower reaches and their tectonic significance

The lithological-stratigraphic study of volcanogenic-siliceous rocks developed on the left side of the Machtovaya River, a right tributary of the Amur River, yielded the first radiolarian assemblages of the late Late Tithonian, the late Late Tithonian-early Valanginian, and the middle-late Albian age. It is established that the stratigraphic succession of volcanogenic-siliceous rocks in this area is composed of upper Tithonian-Valanginian dark red to red-brown cherts with basalts in the lower part of the section and Albian dark gray clayey cherts, olive-gray siliceous-tuffaceous argillites, and tufaceous siltstones in its upper part. The replacement of cherts by their clayey varieties likely occurred in the Aptian. The composition, structure, and age of these strata and the rocks constituting the Kiselevka-Manoma accretionary complex are different, which indicates their different tectonic origin.     

The upper mantle structure of the yakutian kimberlite province,eastern Russia

Deep seismic sounding in the region of the Mirnyi kimberlite field indicates that the boundary velocity of the uppermost mantle is elevated (v _b=8.6–8.8 km/sec) and extremely variable near the Mir kimberlite pipe. These velocity heterogeneities are probably associated with the kimberlite magmatism and may be useful in the identification of other kimberlite fields.     

Die Rheingrabenrandverwerfung im Wattkopftunnel bei Ettlingen (Nordschwarzwald)

The Wattkopftunnel, near Ettlingen (Nordschwarzwald), drives through the eastern margin of the Rheingraben. The tunnel passes cenozoic and mesozoic sediments. Early quarternary and tertiary beds are situated west of the main thrust of the Rheingraben. Fossil record indicates upper Oligocene age (Chatt) for parts of the tertiary sediments. At the eastern border of the Rheingraben, wedges of jurassic and middle triassic series are squeezed. East of the Rheingraben the tunnel drives in the lower triassic Bausandstein. The eastern margin of the Rheingraben was investigated in detail during tunneling. Faults of the Rheingraben margin are distributed in an 130 meter wide fault zone in the tunnel. Total stratigraphic separation by the normal faults reaches more than 2 000 meters. The cenozoic sequence suffered synsedimentary to early diagenetic deformation, while the mesozoic series are characterized by ruptural deformation. The fault- and joint system is directed in the rheinische Richtung (SSW-NNE). East of the Rheingraben a second direction occur, running parallel to the lower Albtal (W-E).