岷江断裂带北段温泉流体地球化学特征

温泉流体地球化学方法是研究活动断裂带深浅部流体耦合变化的有利手段。通过对2011年6月至2018年7月岷江断裂带内的7个采样点进行了7次系统的调查,测定了16个气体样品中的³He/⁴He和δ¹³C_CO2以及27个水样中的常量元素、微量元素和稳定同位素（δD、δ¹⁸O）,得出以下结论：①岷江断裂带温泉水化学类型主要分为Ca-HCO₃、Mg-HCO₃、Ca·Mg-HCO₃、Mg·Ca-HCO₃四种;②δD、δ¹⁸O的测量结果表明岷江断裂带温泉水主要为大气降水的补给,补给高程为3.4～4.5km;③温泉水中SiO₂含量为2.49～5.92mg/L,热储温度为26.00～52.22℃,循环深度为1.17～2.67km;④Na-K-Mg三角图表明岷江断裂带温泉水均为未成熟水;⑤岷江断裂带温泉水中除B、Sr、Ba外,微量元素的富集因子均小于1,说明微量元素含量较低,主要来自于岷江断裂带的灰岩;⑥幔源和壳源之间的混合作用为控制He-C系统和He-Sr系统的主要因素,且研究结果表明³He/⁴He变化范围为0.02 Ra～0.68Ra（Ra为大气中³He/⁴He的比值,为1.39×10^-6）,温泉水逸出气体中幔源He贡献率变化范围为0.07%～7.8%,表明温泉气体中的He主要来自壳源,岷江断裂带内温泉水逸出气中的CO₂主要来自地壳中的灰岩（75.00%～99.47%）。2017年发生了九寨沟M_S7.0地震,研究发现地震前后温泉水地球化学特征有明显变化,但幔源He较低,表明无明显幔源He增加。因此,根据岷江断裂带温泉流体地球化学数据以及相关研究资料,建立了岷江断裂带深浅部流体耦合模型,对于今后判定岷江断裂带未来中强地震的短临前兆流体异常具有一定的参考意义。     

Temperature variability and vertical vegetation belt shifts during the last ∼50,000 yr in the Qilian Mountains (NE margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China)

A 13.94-m-long sediment core, collected from a medium-sized lake in the Qilian Mountains (NE Tibetan Plateau, China), was analysed palynologically at 81 horizons. The interpretation of indicator taxa yielded various vertical shifts of the vegetation belts. These palaeovegetation results have been checked with lake surface pollen spectra from 8 lakes representing different altitudinal vegetation belts. Our main findings are the following: A short period of the late Marine Isotope Stage 3 (around ∼46,000 yr ago) was characterized by interglacial temperature conditions with a tree line above its present-day altitude. During the LGM, the vicinity of the lake was not covered by ice but by sparse alpine vegetation and alpine deserts, indicating that the climate was colder by ∼4-7°C than today. Markedly higher temperatures were inferred from higher arboreal pollen frequencies between ∼13,000 and ∼7,000 yr ago with a Holocene temperature optimum and a maximal Picea-Betula mixed-forest expansion between ∼9,000 and ∼7000 yr ago, when temperatures exceeded the present-day conditions by at least 1-2°C. Alpine steppes and meadows and sub-alpine shrub vegetation dominated around the lake since the middle Holocene, suggesting that vegetation and climate conditions were exceptionally stable in comparison to previous periods.     

塔里木阿瓦提凹陷乌鲁桥油苗地化特征及来源

阿瓦提凹陷乌鲁桥油苗全油碳同位素较重(-29.4‰)。在甲基菲分布分数图版上落在高成熟油区;甲基菲比值为2.03,高于塔里木盆地现已发现的高成熟凝析油和成熟度较高的原油,表明该油苗的成熟度高。萜烷、甾烷分布具有C29Ts、重排藿烷含量低,伽玛蜡烷丰度较高,中等—高丰度C28甾烷,低重排甾烷等分布特征。这与凹陷及其周缘的石炭系—二叠系、三叠系及中—上奥陶统这三套烃源岩的明显不同,而与寒武系烃源岩相似。综合分析认为乌鲁桥油苗来源于寒武系烃源岩成熟晚期阶段生成的烃类。     

同位素示踪方法测定柴达木盆地西台盐湖地下卤水参数研究

为了测定柴达木盆地西台吉乃尔盐湖地下水流速、流向,从而来计算该区的渗透系数,正确确定其渗透系数,无论对科学研究还是对生产开采,均有着重要的理论和现实意义.介绍同位素示踪方法测定该区地下水卤水流速,流向实验原理及结果,并对实验数据进行分析整理.     

腾格里沙漠南缘末次间冰期5e亚段的微量元素特征及其反映的古气候

腾格里沙漠南缘土门剖面TMS5e层段由16层风成砂、11层湖积黄土和5层湖相沉积构成,其年代相当于深海氧同位素5e。分析结果表明,TMS5e的10种微量元素的含量依次为PMnSrRbVCrZnNiCuNb。就平均值来看,古流动沙丘砂的各微量元素含量最低,其次为古半固定-固定沙丘砂,但两者的各微量元素含量都明显低于整个TMS5e层段相应平均值;黄土状亚砂土微量元素含量稍低于整个TMS5e层段相应平均值;湖相沉积和湖积黄土的各微量元素含量相差较小,且明显都高于整个TMS5e层段、古流动沙丘砂和黄土状亚砂土的平均值。土门剖面TMS5e层段的微量元素指示的MIS5e腾格里沙漠南缘的气候是不稳定的,经历了14.5次暖湿与冷干交替的气候波动,且可划分为TMS5e5(139~129.30ka BP)、TMS5e4(129.30~124ka BP)、TMS5e3(124~119.50ka BP)、TMS5e2(119.5~116.5ka BP)和TMS5e1(116.5~113.70ka BP)等5个亚段,分别可与格陵兰GRIP冰芯氧同位素所反映的MIS5e5、MIS5e4、MIS5e3、MIS5e2、MIS5e1等气候波动在性质和相位上相对应。     

江西修水县莲花芯Cu-Mo-W矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及地质意义

通过对修水县莲花芯石英脉型Cu-Mo-W矿床的辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素测年,获得的w(普Os)为0.0083×10-9~0.1535×10-9,加权的平均年龄为(157.7±2.8)Ma,计算得到辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(158.6±2.0)Ma(MSWD=0.63),与加权平均年龄在误差范围内一致,可代表辉钼矿的形成年龄,成矿作用时代晚于赋矿围岩晋宁期黑云母花岗岩的成岩时代。对比区域成岩成矿作用时代,认为该矿床可能与燕山期花岗岩岩浆活动有关,是赣北大规模钨多金属成矿序列演化的产物之一,属于华南中生代第二次大规模成矿作用(165~135 Ma)的产物。     

甘露醇对石墨存在下Cs_2BO_2~ 离子热电离质谱法测定硼同位素的影响

对石墨涂样检测 Cs2 BO2 离子条件下甘露醇对硼同位素测定的影响进行了研究 ,结果表明在甘露醇存在下 11B/ 10 B比值明显高于只有石墨存在时的比值。硼 -甘露醇络合物的形成可能改变了 Cs2 BO2 -石墨方法的电离和蒸发条件。     

贵州镇远地区铅锌矿同位素地球化学特征及矿床成因

通过对镇远地区金堡、都坪、小溪铅锌矿床开展碳、氧、硫同位素地球化学特征研究.结果显示：都坪和小溪矿床成矿物质来自于海相蒸发岩或沉积地层,金堡矿床成矿物质很有可能来自于地壳深部的岩浆源.结合区域构造及矿床特征分析,可以认为镇远地区铅锌矿床可分为与海相沉积地层及深部岩浆作用有关的两种成因类型的矿床.     

Climatic Character of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e in the Representative Regions of the World: A Review

The Last Interglacial or Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e, is of great interest because it serves as an analog for the Holocene. The climate change and duration during Marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e are considerably well understood for recent and future climate. Despite great interest in this subject over many years, a number of issues concerning the climate circumstances of MIS 5e are by no means resolved. We analyzed 35 published palaeoclimate records with reliable chronologies and robust proxies in typical region of the world to evaluate climate change during MIS 5e. These data indicate that: ① The duration of this warm phase is thought to range from (128±2) ka to (116±2) ka. The climate of MIS 5e was likely relatively stable with a number of abrupt, weak amplitude, cool and/or arid events. And the difference between regions is noticeable for the occurrence, amplitude, onset and duration of these events. For example, marine records from the North Atlantic indicate that the climate of MIS 5e was relatively stable, however the records from Norwegian sea show that the climate of MIS 5e had a significant changes at the beginning and cold event in the Mid-Eemian; The δ¹⁸O, δD and CH₄ in the ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica imply that climate was relatively stable during the last interglacial period, while in Europe from the north to the south the duration of this phase became shorter and the intensity of climatic events became stronger. In addition, the climatic conditions of MIS 5e reconstructed by climate proxy from China are various and have the subject of some controversy. ②The global climate response to the insolation forcing would have been uniform on suborbital timescale. Nevertheless, as a result of regional sundry climatic forcing factors, global millennial-scale/century-scale climate oscillations were marked by significant local features during stage 5e. ③ Based on the better chronological controls, the estimation of climate parameters, the high-resolution climate records, and precise knowledge of the phase relationship between climate changes in global, the earlier depiction for climate circumstances and environment change during Marine Isotope Stage 5e should be refined and our understanding of the climate dynamics and mechanism and climate modelling should be improved.     

Research on hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of paleoclimate reconstruction in Nuomuhong

As a typical alluvial-proluvial fan area in the Qaidam Basin, Nuomuhong is important to the research on paleoclimate reconstruction in proluvial fan areas and basin climate change and ecological protection. This paper analyzes features of ~2H, ~3H, ~(18) O and ~(14) C isotopes in Nuomuhong and reconstructs paleoclimate in this area. According to the results: since 28 ka B.P., the ground average temperature decreases and then increases in the Qaidam watershed, reaching the lowest in 17.7 ka B.P. before increasing gradually. In the past 30 000 years, average temperature has changed ranged from 1 ℃ to 5 ℃ in this area; the lowest temperature was different from today's temperature only by 3 ℃. This shows that climate conditions and natural environment in this area have been relatively stable in the past 30 000 years.