苏里格气田北部下石盒子组盒8段沉积微相研究

通过对苏里格气田北部20余口钻井岩心的岩石学特征、沉积构造、剖面结构的详细研究,结合测井相标志和古生物标志,认为苏里格气田北部盒8段属辫状河沉积,发育河道和洪泛平原两个亚相。河道亚相可进一步划分为河床底部滞留沉积和心滩两个微相,往往组成向上变细的剖面结构,测井曲线一般为中-高幅的齿化或微齿化的箱形或钟形;洪泛平原亚相在剖面结构上表现为砂泥岩的不等厚互层,测井曲线多呈锯齿状。在微相分析的基础上,编制了盒8上和盒8下两个时期的沉积微相平面图,其显示出河道心滩砂体呈南北向展布的规律。根据沉积相的时空展布规律,建立了本区盒8段的沉积相模式。     

新疆春风油田石炭系火山岩岩性特征及测井识别方法

不同岩性的火山岩其储集性能差异甚远,准确识别火山岩岩性对于火山岩储层的研究具有重要意义。研究区春风油田石炭系储层以火山岩为主,过渡类型较多,岩性较为复杂。利用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、地化分析等方法确定研究区发育火山熔岩类和火山碎屑岩类两类火山岩,其中,火山熔岩包括玄武岩、安山玄武岩、玄武安山岩以及安山岩,火山碎屑岩有凝灰岩和火山角砾岩等。通过识别出的岩性标定测井,分析每种岩性的测井响应特征,利用交会图法和星形图法,建立了不同岩性的识别标准。     

A numerical study on 2-D compressive wave propagation in rock masses with a set of joints along the radial direction normal to the joints

An explosion in a borehole or an accidental explosion in a tunnel will generate a two-dimensional (2-D) compressive wave that travels through the surrounding rock mass. For the problem of 2-D compressive wave propagation in a rock mass with parallel joints in the radial direction normal to the joints, parametric studies on the transmission ratio and the maximum rebound ratio are performed in universal distinct element code. The variation of the transmission ratio with the ratio of joint spacing to wavelength is generalized into a characteristic curve, which can be used as a prediction model for estimating the transmission ratio. The relationship between the maximum rebound ratio and the influence factors is obtained in charts. The charts can be used as a prediction model for estimating the maximum rebound ratio. The proposed prediction models for estimating the transmission ratio and the maximum rebound ratio are applied to a field explosion test, Mandai test in Singapore. The minimum possible values of peak particle velocity (PPV) at the monitoring points are estimated by using the proposed prediction model for estimating the transmission ratio along the radial direction normal to the joints. On the other hand, the maximum possible values of PPV are estimated by using the proposed prediction model for estimating the maximum rebound ratio along the same radial direction. The comparison shows a good agreement between the field-recorded PPVs and the estimated range of PPVs given by the minimum possible PPVs and the maximum possible PPVs at the monitoring points in Mandai test. The good agreement between the estimated and field-recorded values validates the proposed prediction models for estimating peak particle velocity in a rock mass with a set of joints due to application of a compressive wave at the boundary of a tunnel or a borehole.     

川西新场气田蓬莱镇组陆相地层高分辨率层序地层学研究

利用钻井岩芯、测井和地震资料 ,运用高分辨率层序地层学理论及方法 ,对新场地区蓬莱镇组进行不同级次的基准面旋回层序划分 ,识别出 45～ 47个短期、5个中期、2个长期基准面旋回层序 ,并对不同级次的基准面旋回层序的结构类型、叠加样式和平面分布模式进行了较为深入的讨论。在单井分析的基础上 ,以二分时间单元分界线为优选等时对比标志对不同级次的基准面旋回进行了较高精度的等时对比 ,所对比的等时成因地层单元的最高精度可达到相当准层序组 (十万年级 )的短期基准面旋回。建立了新场地区蓬莱镇组高分辨率层序地层格架 ,成功地将单井一维信息转化为气田范围内的三维地层关系信息。并分析了短期基准面旋回过程中可容纳空间 (A)与沉积物补给通量 (S)的比值 (A/S)变化对储集砂体的作用 .文中还利用沉积动力学的地层响应过程特征分析 ,重点讨论了中、短期基准面旋回过程中有利储集砂体的沉积相序列、组合特征、产状类型、控制因素及其与物性的关系。指出发育于长期基准面缓慢上升或下降过程中的三角洲沉积体系 ,为形成储集砂体的必备背景条件 ,而控制沉积体系中储层时空展布和演化规律的因素则主要为中期基准面旋回。在层序地层格架中 ,中期基准面旋回层序界面两侧的储层其储集性最好。以此为依据 ,提     

塔河油田2区三叠系油藏类型初步探讨

塔河油田2区三叠系油藏是西北分公司开发较早的碎屑岩油藏之一,开发层系有上油组、中油组,油柱高度在15～20m,储层为辫状三角洲相辫状三角洲前缘亚相水下分流河道、河口坝、分流间湾微相沉积,非均质性严重。本区上油组砂体厚度40～0m,中油组25～35m,分布较稳定,物性为中孔、中高渗储层,原油属低粘度轻质油。但2区三叠系油藏实钻变化大,见水快、产量递减快、含水上升快、采出程度低,开发效果较差,经过多次调整虽有一定程度改善,仍存在一些问题。本文认为2区三叠系油藏开发效果较差的原因之一是对本区油藏类型的认识上存在问题即2区三叠系油藏是以断裂控制的断块油藏而非背斜油藏,并延伸分析正在投入开发评价的S96-T901井区、TK232-T453井区及T206-T208井区等都为断块（断背斜）油藏。应用断块油藏的观点对塔河地区三叠系油藏勘探开发有重要指导意义。     

胜利油田车镇凹陷沙河街组二、三段沉积相

车镇凹陷古近系沙河街组三段上亚段—二段下亚段是较为典型的深断陷型三级层序。层序的发育主要受控于幕式断陷作用,可进一步划分出低位体系域、湖侵体系域和高位体系域。通过岩心观察、薄片镜下鉴定、粒度分析、古生物及遗迹化石分析,并综合利用测井曲线和地震相特征,认为该时期主要发育有扇三角洲、三角洲、近岸水下扇、湖底扇、滨浅湖滩坝等骨架砂体相,以及滨浅湖、半深湖—深湖等沉积相及其亚相。综合考虑物源特征、沉积环境、沉积体系平面展布以及生、储、盖组合关系,认为有利的沉积相带主要是三角洲、扇三角洲前缘、湖底扇、近岸水下扇的中扇和外扇以及滨浅湖中发育的滩坝和砂坝。     

盘锦湿地生态系统野外观测站概况

重点介绍了盘锦湿地生态系统野外观测站建立的背景、研究定位与研究方向,主要观测场及观测仪器设备,已有基础数据积累和科研任务等。在此基础上,提出了未来盘锦站应在建设目标、人才队伍建设及规范管理方面的重点工作,为将研究站建设成为生态气象监测示范与技术支持基地、研制生态气象业务评估方法与模型的平台、生态气象业务人才培养基地以及作为地球系统科学前沿研究的孵化器,最终成为生态学和资源、环境科学等相关学科的发展提供野外试验和研究平台提供保障。     

安塞油田杏河地区长6油层沉积微相研究

在岩心描述的基础上,对杏河地区长6油层沉积相进行了分析,提出了该区主要沉积相为湖泊环境的河控三角洲体系,主要为三角洲前缘亚相沉积,主要沉积微相有水下分流河道、分流河口砂坝、前缘砂席和分流间等,分流河道和河口砂坝是本区占主导地位的骨架砂体。该区长6油层的三角洲体系是安塞三角洲体系最早发育的一支,早期分流来自于北部,后期分流转由东北方向进入,由于各期分流河道迁移、袭夺、决口以及因压实的均衡调整等,从而形成三角洲复合体内部各分流三角洲砂体的相互叠置交错。根据岩心微相分析、小层砂体形态和测井剖面对比分析,对该区长6油层砂组及小层的沉积微相进行了研究,掌握了沉积微相的时空展布和变化规律。     

Numerical modelling of soil nails in loose fill slope under surcharge loading

A plane–strain numerical model has been developed to mimic a nailed loose fill slope under surcharge loading. The model has been used to back-analyse a field test that was conducted to examine the behaviour of soil nails in loose fill slopes under surcharge loading. Incremental elasto-plastic analyses coupled with pore water diffusion have been performed to study the internal deformation, water content redistribution in the soil, and the performance of the soil nails during and after the application of surcharge loading. The model parameters describing the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the nailed slope were obtained from field or laboratory tests. Different modelling techniques and boundary conditions for mimicking soil–nail interaction in loose fill material have been examined. Comparisons between numerical predictions and field measurements demonstrate that a new interfacial model, denoted as the embedded bond–slip interface model, is more suitable for mimicking the interfacial behaviour. Despite the simplicity of the numerical model, the predicted responses are in close agreement with the field test results, in particular the mobilisation and distribution of nail forces in response to surcharge loading. Both the numerical and the field test results suggest that soil nails are capable of increasing the overall stability of a loose fill slope for the loading conditions considered in this study. The increase in confining stress along the soil nails near the surcharge area is central to the overall stabilising mechanism. On the contrary, the nail forces mobilised near the nail heads are much smaller, indicating that the beneficial effect of having a structural grillage system at the slope face is limited for the range of surcharge pressures considered in this study.     

大港油田板深22井油气地球化学异常特征

根据板深22井中不同地球化学指标的背景含量和异常特征，重点探索和总结了不同油气层的化探指纹指标，并根据地表指纹指标的异常组合、配套关系及异常特征，对油气层的埋深进行了初步预测，为今后该地区地表开展预测油气藏埋深的工作提供了一定的地球化学依据。