低渗特低渗砂岩储层流体识别技术研究综述和展望

低渗、特低渗储层是国内外油田地质研究的重点,而其流体识别问题更是一个焦点问题.本文根据以往的研究成果,再认识了低渗、特低渗储层流体识别的难点,进而梳理和归纳了流体识别的常规技术和新技术.研究表明,利用单一的测井解释方法容易引起多解性,技术风险高;基于地区地质、岩心、录井等资料,结合多种测井曲线,开展流体的综合识别评价是一个重要的技术思路;将现代地质数学方法和信号分析技术引入流体识别中将会产生积极地意义,本文对此进行了展望.     

矿井表外孤立块段过断层探查技术与应用——沂源煤田鲁村煤矿过F_(10)断层探查技术

为充分合理开采利用煤炭资源,对鲁村井田周边孤立块段实施探查,查明煤层的赋存状况,确定其可采性。通过对矿井表外孤立块段过断层探查技术与应用实践,解决了矿井表外孤立块段的开采问题,查明了多个可采煤层,扩大了煤炭储量83.8万t,延长了矿山服务年限。     

基于数学形态学的点状石头目标检测

及时发现和处理山坡上小的点状石头目标，对于行人、车辆的安全具有重要意义。利用数学形态学，文中提出了一种从遥感影像上检测山坡上点状石头目标的方法，并进行了试验。研究结果表明，文中所述的方法具有好的效果。     

碎石桩复合地基处理软土固结计算及应用

推导了等应变条件下桩阻作用时的碎石桩复合地基固结方程,并与现场沉降观测数据换算出碎石桩复合地基在路堤施工过程中的固结度对比,二者吻合较好,证明了公式的正确性。沉降观测数据还表明：使用碎石桩处理软土地基能加快地基的固结速率。     

浙江省观赏石成因和分布规律

浙江省内观赏石资源丰富、类型齐全,目前已查明观赏石产地63处。本文初步探讨了浙江观赏石成因和分布规律。     

Mitigation of Soil Liquefaction Using Stone Columns: An Experimental Investigation

The risk of liquefaction and associated ground deformation may be reduced by using various ground-improvement methods, including the stone column technique. To examine the effects of stone columns, a shaking table experimental study using four models (two containing saturated sand and two containing stone column composite foundations) was conducted to measure the development and dissipation of excess pore water pressure and the acceleration response during a simulated earthquake. The test results demonstrate that the effectiveness of stone columns for mitigation of soil liquefaction during an earthquake depends on the following three aspects: (1) the densification of the surrounding soils; (2) drainage along the stone column; and (3) reduction in the total cyclic shear stress of the soil (because the cyclic shear stress is partially shared by the stone column). The first factor (the densification of the surrounding soils) is the most prominent factor among these three. The drainage and re-distribution of the shear stress can only develop fully for sand ground with a considerably higher density; thus, the effectiveness of the last two factors are only significant for dense sand ground.     

吉林省通化县羊砬子沟花岗岩饰面石材矿床特征及找矿方向

吉林省通化县羊砬子沟花岗岩饰面石材矿赋存于龙头复式花岗岩体中,矿体石质好、储量大,放射性检测结果远小于国际原子能机构的职业辐射防护安全导则剂量值,因此就γ射线而言是安全的。,是石材开发利用的优质品种。该类型矿体赋存具较强的规律性,同时具有固定层位和区域性,在龙头复式岩体过度相的中粒黑云母花岗岩中开展工作是今后的找矿方向。     

鄱阳湖基础地理测量D级GPS网建立方法与探讨

首先简单阐明了测区概况和建立该网的基本情况。介绍了在建网过程中选点和埋设点所采用新方法,同时论述和分析了该网数据处理情况和平差后各项指标精度情况。分析了采用等值线图确定GPS正常高的方法精度情况,并与常规方法作比较得出正确结论。     

Shaking table study on liquefaction behaviour of different saturated sands reinforced by stone columns

Abstract

Liquefaction is a phenomenon developed in loose and saturated layers of sands subjected to dynamic or seismic loading, and often leads to excessive settlement and subsequent failures in structures. Several methods have been proposed to improve soil resistance against liquefaction, among which use of stone columns is one of the most applicable methods. In this research, the effect of stone columns with different geometries and arrangements on the liquefaction behaviour of loose and very loose saturated sands subjected to vibration is investigated using shaking table. Results of the experiments show that when using stone columns in sand layers, the level of maximum settlement is significantly reduced. Further, the presence of stone columns significantly reduces pore water pressure ratio. This further indicates that stone columns have a positive effect and reasonable performance, even in relatively strong earthquakes, provided that the number and cross-section of the columns are sufficient. In addition, stone columns reduce the pore water pressure dissipation time. Moreover, by increasing cross-sectional area and the number of columns, both pore water pressure and settlement decrease. Stone columns in loose sand have a greater effect on the reduction of pore water pressure compared to that of very loose sand.     

泥岩、砂岩石方开挖施工工法的创新与研究

通过新疆小山口水电站基础石方开挖工程实践,对当地泥岩和砂岩地质物理特性进行了深入研究,对其石方开挖工法进行了大胆创新,提出了纯机械法施工工法,分别从工程施工质量、进度、安全和成本等多个方面与传统的钻爆法进行比较,结果表明：新施工工法县有技术先进性和经济合理性,可以在今后的施工中使用和椎广。