苍峄铁矿带苍山县沟西-西官庄矿区沟西矿段(凤凰山铁矿)主井井筒检查孔水文地质特征分析

苍峄铁矿带苍山县沟西-西官庄矿区沟西矿段,又称凤凰山铁矿,为隐伏的鞍山式低品位铁矿,矿区水文地质条件属于中等型。对施工的主井、副井、进风井、东风井和西风井井筒检查孔进行了水文地质编录和分层抽水试验,以主井井筒检查孔为例,划分了4层含水段,求得了各含水层的水文地质参数,对荒径涌水量进行了预测;基本查明了井筒检查孔的含水性等水文地质特征,确定了注浆段,为矿山立井防治水方案提供了设计依据。     

Application of fuzzy AHP method to IOCG prospectivity mapping: A case study in Taherabad prospecting area,eastern Iran

Using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique, we propose a method for mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM) which is commonly used for exploration of mineral deposits. The fuzzy AHP is a popular technique which has been applied for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. In this paper we used fuzzy AHP and geospatial information system (GIS) to generate prospectivity model for Iron Oxide Copper-Gold (IOCG) mineralization on the basis of its conceptual model and geo-evidence layers derived from geological, geochemical, and geophysical data in Taherabad area, eastern Iran. The FuzzyAHP was used to determine the weights belonging to each criterion. Three geoscientists knowledge on exploration of IOCG-type mineralization have been applied to assign weights to evidence layers in fuzzy AHP MPM approach. After assigning normalized weights to all evidential layers, fuzzy operator was applied to integrate weighted evidence layers. Finally for evaluating the ability of the applied approach to delineate reliable target areas, locations of known mineral deposits in the study area were used. The results demonstrate the acceptable outcomes for IOCG exploration.     

Optical properties and light penetration in a deep,naturally acidic,iron rich lake: Lago Caviahue (Patagonia,Argentina)

The optical properties and light climate in the deep and extremely acid Lake Caviahue have been studied in order to better understand its characteristics and the possible influence upon the phytoplankton community. The absorption coefficients for the dissolved fraction were maximal in the ultraviolet (UV) region and the water absorption spectra showed a shoulder around 300 nm, which was attributed to the concentration of Fe(III). No radiation was detected in the water column below 360 nm. The depth of the 1% incident radiation was dependent of wavelength, showing its maximum of 13.3 m at 565 nm, compared to 1.7 m and 4.8 m at 400 nm and 700 nm, respectively. Phytoplankton biomass was low and showed an almost constant profile with depth despite the relative darkness of the water column. Optical climate of Lake Caviahue is not typical of high elevation lakes but is more similar to low elevation shallow lakes of the Andean region. The chemical composition of the water, mainly Fe oxidation state and concentration, is the responsible for the high attenuation of the UV radiation (UVR). Living organisms are protected of UVR because Lake Caviahue waters are a shield against UV-B.     

肖维纳(Chauvenet)准则在数字化气体流量观测数据中的应用

随着地震观测技术的发展,数字化技术引入地震前兆观测仪器中,由于各种干扰及数字化仪器的自身因素,数字化观测数据有时会出现突升、突降的现象,给数据分析带来不便。本研究引进肖维纳(Chauvenet)准则,从理论上对气体流量干扰数据进行剔除,以便于数据分析。     

福建闽清梅埔井水位异常判识

根据地下流体前兆异常落实工作指南,对福建闽清梅埔井水位大幅下降的成因作分析,通过观测技术系统故障、水口水库排水干扰、趋势动态、抽水干扰等因素的排除,认为闽清梅埔井水位呈规律性下降是固体潮固有韵律,非外界干扰引起;而水位大幅下降则有可能是区域应力情况的真实反映,可能反映了井区周围断裂活动的加剧。     

Removal of the Alphazurine FG Dye from Simulated Solution by Electrocoagulation

The removal of Alphazurine FG (AF) dye from water by an electrocoagulation process has been studied. The effect of some operational parameters, such as anode material, current density, initial dye concentration, pH of solution, conductivity, and inter‐electrode distance, on the removal efficiency was investigated. Iron and aluminum were used as anodes in the electrocoagulation cell. It was found that the efficiency of the iron anode was better than that of the aluminum anode for AF removal. The factors that affected the removal efficiency were the current density and the initial dye concentration. The removal efficiency increased from about 35% at 25 A m^–2 to about 97% at 100 A m^–2, during 4 min of electrocoagulation. The results exhibited pseudo‐first‐order kinetics for AF removal by electrocoagulation. In addition, a mathematical model was successfully established for predicting the removal efficiency. A comparison between the model results and experimental data gave a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9925), which indicates that the model is able to predict the removal efficiency of AF.     

安丘-莱州地区低缓磁异常带铁矿找矿前景分析

平度市胜合铁矿处于安丘-莱州铁矿成矿带中段,为新发现的低品位铁矿床。矿床分布于低缓航磁异常区,产于古元古代粉子山群小宋组地层中,属沉积变质型成因。该区找矿的突破,是安丘-莱州铁成矿带弱航磁异常中找矿的一个典型,对今后安丘-莱州地区低缓磁异常的找矿起到一定启示作用。     

Enhancing the Sustainability of Household Fe0/Sand Filters by Using Bimetallics and MnO2

Filtration systems containing metallic iron as reactive medium (Fe⁰ beds) have been intensively used for water treatment during the last two decades. The sustainability of Fe⁰ beds is severely confined by two major factors: (i) reactivity loss as result of the formation of an oxide scale on Fe⁰ and (ii) permeability loss due to pore filling by generated iron corrosion products. Both factors are inherent to iron corrosion at pH > 4.5 and are common during the lifespan of a Fe⁰ bed. It is of great practical significance to improve the performance of Fe⁰ beds by properly addressing these key factors. Recent studies have shown that both reactivity loss and permeability loss could be addressed by mixing Fe⁰ and inert materials. For a non‐porous additive like quartz, the threshold value for the Fe⁰ volumetric proportion is 51%. Using the Fe⁰/quartz system as reference, this study theoretically discusses the possibility of (i) replacing Fe⁰ by bimetallic systems (e.g., Fe⁰/Cu⁰), or (ii) partially replacing quartz by a reactive metal oxide (MnO₂ or TiO₂) to improve the efficiency of Fe⁰ beds. Results confirmed the suitability of both tools for sustaining Fe⁰ bed performance. It is shown that using a Fe⁰:MnO₂ system with the volumetric proportion 51:49 will yield a filter with 40% residual porosity at Fe⁰ depletion (MnO₂ porosity 62%). This study improves Fe⁰ bed design and can be considered as a basis for further refinement and detailed research for efficient Fe⁰ filters.     

酒泉钢铁公司地下水源地数值模拟及水位预报

依据实际勘察资料,在全面阐述供水水源地水文地质条件及开采状况,进行地下水均衡计算的基础上,建立了勘察区地下水二维流水量数学模拟模型,重点以酒钢近期和远期对地下水资源的需求量2个开采方案为依据,利用模型对未来水源地地下水位的变化趋势和特征进行了预测预报。结果表明,各水源地总计按近期27.648万m3/d开采至2030年,开采区最大水位降深小于设计允许降深12m,并均已形成稳定的降落漏斗,由此引起的泉水溢出量减少对酒泉西盆地生态环境基本无影响,对现有的其它水源地影响甚微。而各水源地总计按远期34.56万m3/d开采至2030年,北大河、嘉峪关水源地开采井降深小于设计允许降深,自2011年降落漏斗已基本稳定,但黑山湖水源地开采降落漏斗中心最大水位降深分别为17.22m和23.60m,远大于设计允许降深,并且地下水位持续下降,降落漏斗不断扩大并与北大河、嘉峪关水源地降落漏斗相连形成区域性大降落漏斗,由此引起的水位降幅将使现有的泉水大量衰减直至完全消失,对下游生态环境将产生巨大的负面影响。为实现水资源的永续利用和酒钢经济的可持续发展,酒泉公司未来必须实施开源与节流并具的用水战略。     

Biogeochemistry of iron oxidation in a circumneutral freshwater habitat

Iron(II) oxidation in natural waters at circumneutral pH, often regarded as an abiotic process, is frequently biologically mediated at iron-rich redox gradients. West Berry Creek, a small circumneutral tributary that flows through a mixed coniferous forest in Big Basin State Park, California, contains localized iron (hydr)oxide precipitates at points along its course where anoxic groundwater meets oxygenated creek water. These mixing zones establish redox gradients that may be exploited by microbes forming microbial mats that are intimately associated with iron (hydr)oxide precipitates. Water sampling revealed strong correlations between the concentrations of aqueous inorganic species, suggesting a rock-weathering source for most of these solutes. Liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry techniques detected significant concentrations of organic exudates, including low molecular mass organic acids and siderophores, indicating that active biogeochemical cycling of iron is occurring in the creek. X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis showed the precipitates to be amorphous, or possibly poorly crystalline, iron-rich minerals. Clone libraries developed from 16S rDNA sequences extracted from microbial mat communities associated with the precipitates revealed the presence of microorganisms related to the neutrophilic iron oxidizing bacteria Gallionella and Sideroxydans. Sequences from these libraries also indicated the presence of significant populations of organisms related to bacteria in the genera Aquaspirillum, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Nitrospira. These geosymbiotic systems appear to be significant not only for the biogeochemical cycling of iron in the creek, but also for the cycling of organic species, inorganic nutrients, and trace metals.