大洋钻探与全球变化(二)——从海洋角度研究第四纪古全球变化

海洋在第四纪全球气候和环境的变化中起着至关重要的作用，一方面，海洋沉积记录了大量第四纪古全球变化的信息，特别是可提供古球变化中高分辨率的短期气候事件的记录，另一方面，无论是全球性大洋环流，生物和化学的变化，还是区域性西太平洋边缘海浅水陆架的出没，这些海洋事件都可能是许多第四纪古全球变化现象的原因之所在。因此，从海洋角度研究第四纪古全球变化，已成为当前古全球变化和国际古海洋学研究的重点。在这方面，深     

秦岭造山带松树沟元古宙蛇绿岩及其大地构造背景

秦岭造山带松树沟蛇绿岩大约是在９８３Ｍａ，构造就位于秦岭杂岩（Ｐｔ１）之上的异地构造岩片．由变质橄榄岩、堆积橄榄岩和火山岩系组成。变质橄榄岩以纯橄榄岩为主。堆晶岩分为单斜辉石型和斜方辉石型两类。火山岩由拉斑玄武岩和低铝安山岩组成，εＮｄ（Ｔ）为＋４．１～＋６．４，表现出Ｎ、Ｔ、Ｐ三种稀土分配型式和非正常洋脊玄武岩地球化学的特征。综合分析认为，这个古老蛇绿岩是在一种位于洋中脊之上的洋岛环境中形成的，代表了晋宁期华北板块与扬子板块之间古洋盆的残骸。     

热带气旋生成指数对印度洋热带气旋频数变化的适用性研究

本文利用ERA5 1979-2019年逐月大气再分析资料计算南北印度洋热带气旋生成指数，并和IBTrACS观测数据进行比较，探讨用热带气旋生成指数研究南北印度洋热带气旋变化特征的适用性.研究发现热带气旋生成指数能较好地刻画南北印度洋热带气旋的空间分布特征、北印度洋热带气旋个数月变化的双峰结构，以及南印度洋比北印度洋热带气旋发生概率高等特征.最新的IBTrACS v4.0观测资料显示，40年来北印度洋热带气旋每年总生成个数平均每10年增加1.3个，频数的增加主要来源于热带低压和热带风暴，而南印度洋热带气旋每年总生成个数每10年减少2.8个.热带气旋生成指数能很好地描述北印度洋热带气旋生成个数的上升趋势，但对南印度洋热带气旋生成个数趋势的刻画与观测不一致，可能原因需要进一步深入研究.     

试论加入WTO后我国海洋文化发展的法制意识趋势

在漫长的旧社会 ,由于各种原因 ,使得我国沿海地区居民的法制意识比较淡薄。我国加入WTO后 ,经济生活乃至社会生活将要严格遵守规则 ,从而也将促使我国沿海地区的法制意识增强。     

Distribution of <Superscript>226</Superscript>Ra in the Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea and its hydrologic implications

Radium-226 (²²⁶Ra) activities were measured in the surface water samples collected from the Arctic Ocean and the Bering Sea during the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition. The results showed that ²²⁶Ra concentrations in the surface water ranged from 0.28 to 1.56 Bq/m³ with an average of 0.76 Bq/m³ in the Arctic Ocean, and from 0.25 to 1.26 Bq/m³ with an average of 0.71 Bq/m³ in the Bering Sea. The values were obviously lower than those from open oceans in middle and low latitudes, indicating that the study area may be partly influenced by sea ice meltwater. In the Bering Sea, ²²⁶Ra in the surface water decreased northward, probably as a result of the exchange between the ²²⁶Ra-deficient sea ice meltwater and the ²²⁶Ra-rich Pacific water. In the Arctic Ocean, ²²⁶Ra in the surface water increased northward and eastward. This spatial distribution of ²²⁶Ra reflected the variation of the ²²⁶Ra-enriched river component in the water mass of the Arctic Ocean. The vertical profiles of ²²⁶Ra in the Canadian Basin showed a concentration maximum at 200 m, which could be attributed to the inputs of the Pacific water or/and the bottom shelf water with high ²²⁶Ra concentration. This conclusion was consistent with the results from ²H, ¹⁸O tracers.     

Sea ice thickness measurement and its underside morphology analysis using radar penetration in the Arctic Ocean

Sea ice, as an important component of the Arctic climate system, has drawn significant sci-entific interest. Sea ice thickness and its morphology have dramatic impacts on ocean-atmos- phere-ice interactions[1—4], which directly affect the exchange proces…     

Observational estimation of heat budgets on drifting ice and open water over the Arctic Ocean

It is of major scientific interests to determine the parameters of momentum, heat and vapor exchange in the planetary boundary layer in order to study the effects of ocean-ice-atmosphere interactions and their feedback mechanisms on global climate[1]. Lin…     

The acute and chronic effects of wastes associated with offshore oil and gas production on temperate and tropical marine ecological processes

A review of the acute and chronic effects of produced formation water (PFW), drilling fluids (muds) including oil-based cutting muds, water-based cutting muds, ester-based cutting muds and chemical additives, and crude oils associated with offshore oil and gas production was undertaken in relation to both temperate and tropical marine ecological processes. The main environmental effects are summarized, often in tabular form. Generally, the temporal and spatial scales of these studies, along with the large levels of inherent variation in natural environments, have precluded our ability to predict the potential long-term environmental impacts of the offshore oil and gas production industry. A series of critical questions regarding the environmental effects of the offshore oil and gas production industry that still remain unanswered are provided for future consideration.