Dynamics of hypersaline coastal waters in the Great Barrier Reef

The coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) are hypersaline (salinity ∼37) during the dry season as a result of evaporation greatly exceeding rainfall, of shallow waters, and of the presence of numerous bays along the coast preventing rapid flushing. These hypersaline waters are not flushed out by salinity-driven baroclinic currents because these waters are vertically well-mixed. Instead these waters are transported by a longshore residual current and thus form a coastal boundary layer of hypersaline waters. As a result the hypersalinity distribution is 2-D with both cross-shelf and longshore gradients of salinity. The cross-shelf gradients are largely controlled by turbulent diffusion, while the longshore gradients are controlled by the residual currents that transport hypersaline waters longshore south ward in the central and southern regions of the GBR. Because every bay supplies hypersaline waters, the width of the coastal hypersaline layer increases southwards. Steady state is reached in about 100 days, which is the typical duration of the dry season. The dynamics of the GBR hypersaline coastal boundary layer thus differ from the classical inverse hypersaline systems, e.g. in Saloum River Estuary, Laguna San Ignacio, Mission Bay, Tomales Bay, San Diego Bay, Hervey Bay, Shark Bay, Coorong Coast Lagoon, Spencer Gulf, Gulf of California and many others where the salinity gradient is mainly 1-D with a dominant along-channel salinity gradient.     

具非线性扩散系数的中立抛物型方程的振动结果

研究一类具非线性扩散系数的中立抛物型方程的振动性,利用Green定理和时滞微分不等式,获得了该类方程在Robin边值条件下所有解振动的若干充分性判据。结论充分表明振动是由时滞量引起的。     

3维虚拟地球技术发展与应用

随着遥感技术、计算机技术和网络技术的发展,在应用需求牵引下,以GoogleEarth为代表的3维虚拟地球得到迅速发展和应用.对此,主要讨论了几个主要3维虚拟地球系统及特点.结合地理信息服务技术的发展趋势,介绍了自主研制的开放式虚拟地球集成共享平台GeoGlobe及其应用特点,阐述了虚拟地球技术与应用的发展趋势.     

公安行业警用地理信息平台建设思路及进展

从地理信息技术发展和公安行业对警用地理信息共享应用需求出发,介绍了开展全国警用地理信息平台建设背景和必要性,并重点就警用地理信息平台的概念及其体系结构组成、全国警用地理信息平台建设思路、建设进展和后续发展规划等进行了系统论述.     

中国地理信息系统教育现状分析与政策建议

在对国内外地理信息系统专业设置、教育现状以及人才培养模式初步调查分析的基础上，对当前我国地理信息系统学科定位、课程设置、人才培养模式中存在和面临的若干重要问题进行了初步的探讨。提出了我国当前需要培养的地理信息系统人才的类型和应具备的基本素质；其次，通过国内外对比，分析了当前我国地理信息系统教育方面主要存在的问题；最后，就当前我国地理信息系统教育面临改革的具体情况，从学科定位、人才培养目标和人才培养策略等方面提出了具体建议。     

Diffusion control of garnet growth,Harpswell Neck,Maine, USA

A detailed analysis of chemical zoning in two garnet crystals from Harpswell Neck, Maine, forms the basis of an interpretation of garnet nucleation and growth mechanisms. Garnet apparently nucleates initially on crenulations of mica and chlorite and quickly overgrows the entire crenulation, giving rise to complex two‐dimensional zoning patterns depending on the orientation of the thin section cut. Contours of Ca zoning cross those of Mn, Fe and Mg, indicating a lack of equilibrium among these major garnet constituents. Zoning of Fe, Mg and Mn is interpreted to reflect equilibrium with the rock matrix, whereas Ca zoning is interpreted to be controlled by diffusive transport between the matrix and the growing crystal. Image analysis reveals that the growth of garnet is more rapid along triple‐grain intersections than along double‐grain boundaries. Moreover, different minerals are replaced by garnet at different rates. The relative rate of replacement by garnet along double‐grain boundaries is ordered as muscovite > chlorite > plagioclase > quartz. Flux calculations reveal that replacement is limited by diffusion of Si along double‐grain boundaries to or from the local reaction site. It is concluded that multiple diffusive pathways control the bulk replacement of the rock matrix by garnet, with Si and Al transport being rate limiting in these samples.     

STUDY ON PREDICTION FOR TRANSPORT AND DIFFUSION OF DREDGED MATYER IN JIAOZHOU BAY, CHINA

The finite-element method was used to simulate the currents of Jiaozhou Bay and the nearcoast areas, and then established the model of the transport and diffusion of suspended particulate matter there. The transport and diffusion of dredged matter near the discharging field were estimated ; and the results were used to analyze the effects of the suspended particulate matter on the marine environment.     

地理信息系统及其在地质矿产勘查中的应用

地理信息系统(GIS)是电子信息技术飞速发展的必然产物,与现代地球及其相关科学日益增长的需求相适应,以处理地球上任何具有空间方位的海量信息为特征,具定量、定时、定位等优点,近10年来已在地质矿产勘查中得到广泛应用。一个区域各种地质资料(图形、图像、文字、逻辑、数值)的GIS分析实际上代表该区域现阶段较为客观的总认识。目前,野外收集资料、数据建库、GIS分析等尚存在规范化、标准化等问题,GIS本身解决诸多专业性较强地质问题的能力亦不足。但GIS的进一步发展与完善必将使地质矿产勘查进入一个数字化的新时期。     

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS APPLICABILITY TO GEOGRAPHICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be regarded as an attempt to understand the processes of perception and reasoning that underlie successful problem-solving and to incorporate the results of this research in effective computer programs. At present, AI is largely a collection of sophisticated programming techniques. Many of these techniques are based on the premise that the manner in which knowledge is acquired, organized, accessed and modified in both humans and machines provides the basis of “intelligent” decision-making. The techniques of AI are applicable to a wide variety of geographical problems, including the modeling of individual and aggregate decision-making, and the construction of expert systems and “intelligent” geographical information systems.