Spatial modeling of environmental vulnerability of marine finfish aquaculture using GIS-based neuro-fuzzy techniques

Combining GIS with neuro-fuzzy modeling has the advantage that expert scientific knowledge in coastal aquaculture activities can be incorporated into a geospatial model to classify areas particularly vulnerable to pollutants. Data on the physical environment and its suitability for aquaculture in an Irish fjard, which is host to a number of different aquaculture activities, were derived from a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and GIS models. Subsequent incorporation into environmental vulnerability models, based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, highlighted localities particularly vulnerable to aquaculture development.The models produced an overall classification accuracy of 85.71%, with a Kappa coefficient of agreement of 81%, and were sensitive to different input parameters. A statistical comparison between vulnerability scores and nitrogen concentrations in sediment associated with salmon cages showed good correlation.Neuro-fuzzy techniques within GIS modeling classify vulnerability of coastal regions appropriately and have a role in policy decisions for aquaculture site selection.     

佛山市数字化城市管理信息系统数据普查要点浅析

结合佛山市数字化城市管理信息系统数据普查项目的开展情况,探讨了城市部件数据普查的前期准备、普查流程及任务分解等要点内容,在一定程度上为其他城市开展类似工作提供了参考.     

内蒙古自治区地质档案资料管理与服务信息化实践

本文介绍了内蒙古自治区地质档案资料管理与服务系统的开发、建设、管理和应用。该系统包括资料管理、接待管理、借阅服务、借阅办理、系统管理五个子系统,建成运行以来,全面提升了内蒙古信息院地质资料的管理水平,经济效益和社会效益非常明显,有力地提升了地质档案馆的管理水平。     

Application of 3D hydrodynamic and particle tracking models for better environmental management of finfish culture

Hydrographic conditions, and particularly current speeds, have a strong influence on the management of fish cage culture. These hydrodynamic conditions can be used to predict particle movement within the water column and the results used to optimise environmental conditions for effective site selection, setting of environmental quality standards, waste dispersion, and potential disease transfer. To this end, a 3D hydrodynamic model, MOHID, has been coupled to a particle tracking model to study the effects of mean current speed, quiescent water periods and bulk water circulation in Mulroy Bay, Co. Donegal Ireland, an Irish fjard (shallow fjordic system) important to the aquaculture industry. A Lagangrian method simulated the instantaneous release of “particles” emulating discharge from finfish cages to show the behaviour of waste in terms of water circulation and water exchange. The 3D spatial models were used to identify areas of mixed and stratified water using a version of the Simpson-Hunter criteria, and to use this in conjunction with models of current flow for appropriate site selection for salmon aquaculture.The modelled outcomes for stratification were in good agreement with the direct measurements of water column stratification based on observed density profiles. Calculations of the Simpson-Hunter tidal parameter indicated that most of Mulroy Bay was potentially stratified with a well mixed region over the shallow channels where the water is faster flowing. The fjard was characterised by areas of both very low and high mean current speeds, with some areas having long periods of quiescent water. The residual current and the particle tracking animations created through the models revealed an anticlockwise eddy that may influence waste dispersion and potential for disease transfer, among salmon cages and which ensures that the retention time of waste substances from cages is extended.The hydrodynamic model results were incorporated into the ArcView^TM GIS system for visualisation and interrogation of results and to allow effective holistic environmental management and site selection for fish cage aquaculture.     

U/Th dating of the travertine deposited at transfer zone between two normal faults and their neotectonic significance: Cambazli fissure ridge travertines (the Gediz Graben-Turkey)

Abstract

The neotectonic characteristics of the travertines that outcrop near Cambazli Village to the west of the Gediz Graben in the Western Anatolia and the age determination of the travertine were carried out using the ²³⁰Th/^234,238U disequilibrium method. The Cambazli fissure ridge travertines represent the travertine depositions that develop at a transfer zone. The extent of these travertines is at NW-SE and NE-SW orientations and the ridge crest-trend of these travertines range between approximately 55° and 82° and they are located at an intersecting position. The evaluation of the fissure ridge travertine directions indicated that the compression stress that was responsible for the deposition of the Cambazli travertine was determined to be in the N-S orientation and the extensional stress was determined to be in the E-W orientation. The orientation of the dominant extension in Western Anatolia during the neotectonic period was N-S and this orientation is not in accordance with the directions of stress for the travertines. This situation indicates that the travertines were deposited along a transfer zone in N10W orientation between two normal faults. The travertines were determined to be active since the Upper Pleistocene as indicated by the age determination conducted using the ²³⁰Th/^234,238U disequilibrium method. The dilation rate of the travertines during dilation and the post-dilation period and the average dilation rate of the Cambazli travertines to the north of the Gediz Graben were calculated as 0.01–0.02 mm yr^?1 during deposition and as 0.05 mm yr^?1 during the post-dilation period. These dilation rates indicate lower tectonic activity along the northern ridge of the Gediz Graben than along the southern ridge.

© 2011 Lavoisier SAS. All rights reserved     

国家自然地图数据库信息分类与编码体系

本文着重研究利用《中华人民共和国国家自然地图集》,作为主要的信息来源,建立“国家自然地图数据库的信息分类与编码体系,分类原则和子分类体系。在此基础上完成了编码方案、分类原则、编码标准和专题编码的结构,同时描述了建立“国家自然地图数据库”的技术路线、地理数据组织、元数据库及数据字典等。     

基于GIS的广东省综合运输体系规划信息平台构建研究

广东省交通运输厅从2012年起,组织分期研究开发基于地理信息系统的广东省综合运输体系规划信息平台(简称"平台"),旨在建立健全统一的全省交通运输业数据采集、发布标准及技术管理规范,分别构建5大类运输方式线网及重要的运输枢纽站场节点的多级图层,叠加形成全省综合运输体系布局规划"一张图"。"平台"采用4层设计,依托后台管理、应用分析和综合展示3大子系统,搭建了基础地理信息、经济社会、交通运输现状、综合运输体系规划成果及其他共5大类数据库,"平台(一期)"于2014年3月26日通过验收,实现了多维度、多视角展示和查询交通运输业数据成果的预期功能。研究实践将力促综合运输体系规划研究和决策方式实行根本性变革。     

面向服务的国土资源空间数据集成与共享

国土资源海量空间数据的集成与共享一直是国土资源信息化建设中的重要难点问题之一。SOA技术的发展及其在GIS中的应用,为地理空间数据的集成与共享提供了新的技术手段,本文从国土资源空间数据集成与共享的应用需求出发,对基于SOA的国土资源空间数据集成与共享的分层结构进行了分析,同时,对国土资源空间数据的多级集成及共享进行了探讨。     

注册测绘师制度下测绘工程专业“地理信息系统”课程教改探讨

在我国实施注册测绘师制度的背景下,结合“地理信息系统”课程的教学实践,针对测绘工程专业的培养目标和注册测绘师制度对人才的要求,对测绘工程专业“地理信息系统”课程的教学改革提出几点建议。     

基于AIC准则的RBF神经网络在GPS高程拟合中的应用

本文采用AIC准则优化RBF神经网络参数的方法进行GPS高程拟合,在建立网络模型过程中,对不同的聚类半径由最近邻聚类法求出不同类别的聚类数目及相应的聚类中心和初始扩展常数,通过对不同类别分别进行调整扩展常数的网络训练,求出其最小AIC值,再根据AIC准则确定结构最优的RBF网络模型。实验结果表明:这种方法为确定最优RBF网络模型的隐节点数目及相应参数提供了途径;拟合精度较高,在较平坦测区可以替代三等水准测量。