冈底斯地区发现印支期巨斑花岗闪长岩——古冈底斯造山的存在证据

冈底斯弧背断隆区东西向分布的巨斑状花岗闪长岩获得217Ma的单颗粒锆石U—Pb年龄，首次精确地肯定冈底斯地区存在印支期岩浆活动，200Ma左右的花岗闪长岩在冈底斯弧背断隆区有较广泛的分布。综合最新获得的统计资料，雅鲁藏布江缝合带南侧的上三叠统朗杰学群古水流方向由北向南，碎屑物具有造山带成分特点，冈底斯可能在晚三叠世存在隆起区。岩浆活动和沉积作用表明，冈底斯具有复杂的演化历史，作者将发生在这一地区由晚三叠—早侏罗世构造热事件所形成的造山带称为古冈底斯。     

四川乡城-稻城地区花岗岩地球化学特征及构造背景探讨

四川乡城-稻城地区发育4套花岗岩体：包括石英闪长玢岩、花岗细晶岩、二长花岗（细晶）岩和花岗闪长岩,形成时代为印支期到燕山晚期。花岗岩的地球化学研究表明：w（SiO2）=57．82％～81．66％,σ=0．06～2．45,w（K2O＋Na2O）=1．38％～7．76％,AR=1．26～2．93,属于亚碱性岩体;EREE含量较低,轻稀土相对富集,δEu=0．09～1．28,（La／Yb）N=1．88～11．96,总体表现为右倾型。各套花岗岩微量元素地球化学特征差异明显,相对富集大离子亲石元素,贫化高场强元素,Rb／Sr=0．04～6．18。根据花岗岩的R1-R2,Rb—Yb＋Ta,Ta—Yb构造判别图解和区域构造演化史研究,认为二长花岗岩形成于板内构造环境,花岗细晶岩、闪长玢岩和花岗闪长岩形成于岛弧构造环境,其形成与义敦岛弧带碰撞造山活动有关。     

新疆贝勒库都克锡矿带含锡花岗岩地质特征

本文根据矿物、岩石、微量元素、稀土元素及同位素的研究,重点讨论了我国近年新发现的北方地区第一条独立锡矿带的海西期含锡和非含锡花岗岩的地质特征,确定了该区花岗岩的成因类型及其与锡矿化的关系,认定该区伴随海西运动出现I型、S型和A型三种花岗岩。与锡矿化有关的属S型和A型花岗岩,它们是在早期(造山期)I型和S型花岗岩的基础上进一步演化而隶属造山晚期—造山期后的产物。在上述研究的基础上,总结了该区含矿花岗岩与无矿花岗岩的综合判别标志,为该区及邻区同类锡矿的找寻与研究提供了依据。     

索伦缝合带中的印支期伸展作用:中国内蒙古苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩(英文)

根据对内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区的野外研究 ,我们将以前描述的交其尔逆冲断层重新解释为一南倾的伸展拆离断层。该断层为一印支期变质核杂的主拆离断层 ,它叠加在缩短的阿尔泰和满洲里带间的晚古生代索伦缝合带上。变质核杂岩的组成要素包括 :下盘的古生代中期和二叠—三叠纪侵入体 (分别是宝底道和哈拉图岩体 ) ,交其尔拆离断层之下、叠加在下盘岩体上的糜棱岩状剪切带 ,拆离断层本身和上盘成分多变、构造复杂的古生代和元古宙岩石。从U Pb年龄为 2 5 2Ma的糜棱岩化哈拉图岩体中获得白云母 ,其40 Ar/ 3 9Ar冷却年龄为 2 2 4Ma和 2 0 8Ma ,而后伸展沉积的下、中侏罗统沉积在下盘之上 ,表明变质核杂岩形成于印支期 ,即晚三叠世至侏罗纪最早期。研究区内 ,北东东走向的交其尔拆离断层的伸展作用方向大致为 2 15°。这是索伦缝合带内首次发现的印支期伸展作用 ,结合分隔遥远的中国各地区 ,如大别—苏鲁缝合带、西藏高原羌塘变质带和东阿尔金山区近来报道的其它一些晚三叠—早侏罗世 (约 2 2 0～ 190Ma)沿韧性拆离断层的伸展作用实例 ,清楚表明东亚地区区域性印支期变形的性质有必要进行重新研究     

钦-杭结合带南段韧性剪切带印支期活动记录:以防城—灵山断裂带为例

钦-杭结合带南段发育一系列北东走向的韧性剪切带,防城—灵山断裂带是其中非常重要的一条。综合不同尺度地质构造特征和千糜岩绢云母单矿物40 Ar/39 Ar测年结果,表明钦-杭结合带南段防城—灵山韧性剪切带印支期可能存在两期活动,一期为早三叠世,另一期为晚三叠世,早期活动导致近E-W向变形,晚期形成NE向右旋韧性剪切带。根据千糜岩绢云母40Ar/39Ar年龄数据分析,认为防城—灵山断裂带在印支期发生右旋剪切活动的具体年龄接近于(203.9±1.7)Ma。     

Geochemical characteristics of the niobium-rich arfvedsonite granites, Younger Granites province of Nigeria

Arfvedsonite granites are most prevalent in the northern sector of the Nigerian anorogenic ring-complex province wherein they form the main granitic rocks at Kudaru and Fagam and are important components of Kila-Warji, Ririwai and Dutsen-Wai ring-complexes. The albitized variety of these rocks hosts pyrochlore to varying extents depending on the degree of albitization and are, therefore, important targets for niobium investigation. Geochemical data of the granites reveal that niobium has a mean concentration of 111 ppm in the arfvedsonite granite, increasing to 168 ppm in the aegirine arfvedsonite granite and reaching 1568 ppm in the albite arfvedsonite granite. Niobium is thus enriched in the albite arfvedsonite granite by a factor of 8-11 relative to its mean value in the aegirine arfvedsonite and arfvedsonite granites, respectively. Uranium contents show a sympathetic trend with niobium, being also enriched in the albite arfvedsonite granite relative to its abundance in both the aegirine arfvedsonite granite and arfvedsonite granite by a factor of 15. The uranium abundance in the albite arfvedsonite granite is more than 48 times higher than the mean background values in low-calcium granite.The REE fractionation patterns in all three arfvedsonite granite varieties are characterized by enrichment of both the light (La-Sm) and heavy (Gd-Lu) rare earth elements and a significant negative Eu anomaly. The albite arfvedsonite granite is, however, preferentially more enriched in the heavy REE relative to the aegirine arfvedsonite and the arfvedsonite granites. A plot of the ∑REE against Na₂O and niobium reveals positive correlation in the arfvedsonite granites. There is also a linear relationship and strongly positive correlation between Nb and Na₂O because the pyrochlore is most abundant in the most extensively albitized variety of the arfvedsonite granites.     

东天山印支早期尾亚石英正长岩：成岩作用及成岩意义

前人对东天古生代的构造-热事件作了大量研究,得出了许多方面的重要认识,然对东天山印支期的构造演化目前仍不清楚。本文以印支早期的尾亚石英正长岩为例,通过其岩相学及地球化学特征研究,来探讨该岩体的成岩机制及成岩意义。尾亚石英正长岩主要组成矿物为石英(5%～10%)、斜长石(15%～20%,An16～18)和钾长石(60%～65%),含少量铁质黑云母(5%)和钙质角闪石(≈5%),不舍橄榄石和辉石。该岩石SiO_2含量为62．67%～66．22%,Na_2O+K_2O(10．25%～11．00%)和TiO_2(0．45%～0．70%)含量以及K_2O/Na_2O(0．85～1．60)、FeO~T/Mgo(5．7～15．86)和CaO/Na_2O(0．37～0．68)比值高,而Mgo(0．34%～0．43%)含量以及Al_2O_3/TiO_2(23．77～38．27)比值低,偏铝(ASI 0．89～0．98),富集Rb、Ba和Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和U、Th、Zr和Hf等高场强元素(HFSE),亏损Sr等大离子亲石元素及Nb和Ti等高场强元素。ΣLREE,ΣHREE和ΣREE分别为76．00×10~(-6)～139．54×10~(-6),13．54×10~(-6)～22．67×10~(-6)和96．57×10~(-6)～153．08×10~(-6), (La/sm)_N,(Gd/Yb)_N,(La/Yb)_N分别为1．86～4．78,0．73～1．64和2．10～9．64,δEu为0．94～2．83,具有稀土总量较低、轻稀土比重稀土分馏大、轻、重稀土分馏不明显以及正Eu异常(0．94～2．83)的特征。岩相学及地球化学特征研究表明,尾亚石英正长岩不是幔源岩浆分异的产物,而是直接来自于壳源。通过对比分析其它正长岩地球化学特征并结合前人实验岩石学研究,得出了尾亚石英正长岩是在950℃～1100℃、15～20 kbar条件下,由陆内长英质麻粒岩在加厚陆壳底部发生增温和减压熔融的产物的认识。这样的成岩条件可能与特提斯洋于海西晚期—印支早期向北俯冲所引发的天山地区强烈的陆内A-型俯冲及随后的伸展作用有关。本文结果表明,东天山地区在二叠纪晚期到三叠纪早期可能发生了从受古亚洲洋俯冲-碰撞体系影响为主转变为受古特提斯洋构造域影响为主的重大事件。     

大兴安岭锡多金属成矿带花岗岩地球化学特征

大兴安岭中南段华力西褶皱带是我国北方重要的锡多金属成矿带。已发现了许多大中型锡矿床、锡多金属矿床、铅锌矿床、铜矿床等。这些矿床形成与花岗岩有密切成因联系。本文较详细地阐述了花岗岩产出的地质背景,各期次花岗岩的地球化学特征,提出与成矿有关的花岗岩体地质地球化学判别标志。     

Lower Carboniferous post-orogenic granites in central-eastern Sierra de Velasco,Sierras Pampeanas,Argentina: U–Pb monazite geochronology,geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes

The central-eastern part of the Sierra de Velasco (Sierras Pampeanas, NW Argentina) is formed by the large Huaco (40 × 30 km) and Sanagasta (25 × 15 km) granite massifs and the small La Chinchilla stock (2 × 2 km). The larger granites intrude into Ordovician metagranitoids and crosscut Devonian (?) mylonitic shear zones, whereas the small stock sharply intrudes into the Huaco granite. The two voluminous granites are biotitic-muscovitic and biotitic porphyritic syeno- to monzogranites. They contain small and rounded tonalitic and quartz-dioritic mafic microgranular enclaves. The small stock is an equigranular, zinnwaldite- and fluorite-bearing monzogranite. The studied granites are silica-rich (SiO₂ >70%), potassium-rich (K₂O >4%), ferroan, alkali-calcic to slightly calk-alkalic, and moderately to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK: 1.06–1.18 Huaco granite, 1.01–1.09 Sanagasta granite, 1.05–1.06 La Chinchilla stock). They have moderate to strong enrichments in several LIL (Li, Rb, Cs) and HFS (Nb, Ta, Y, Th, U) elements, and low Sr, Ba and Eu contents. U–Pb monazite age determinations indicate Lower Carboniferous crystallization ages: 350–358 Ma for the Huaco granite, 352.7 ± 1.4 Ma for the Sanagasta granite and 344.5 ± 1.4 Ma for the La Chinchilla stock. The larger granites have similar ?Nd values between ?2.1 and ?4.3, whereas the younger stock has higher ?Nd of ?0.6 to ?1.4, roughly comparable to the values obtained for the Carboniferous San Blas granite (?1.4 to ?1.7), located in the north of the sierra. The Huaco and Sanagasta granites have a mainly crustal source, but with some participation of a more primitive, possibly mantle-derived, component. The main crustal component can be attributed to Ordovician peraluminous metagranitoids. The La Chinchilla stock derives from a more primitive source, suggesting an increase with time in the participation of the primitive component during magma genesis. The studied granites were generated during a post-orogenic period in a within-plate setting, possibly as a response to the collapse of the previous Famatinian orogen, extension of the crust and mantle upwelling. They are part of the group of Middle Devonian–Lower Carboniferous granites of the Sierras Pampeanas. The distribution and U–Pb ages of these granites suggests a northward arc-parallel migration of this mainly post-orogenic magmatism with time.     

福建潘田铁矿床花岗岩岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年代学及其与成矿的关系

潘田铁矿床矿体主要赋存于潘田花岗岩体外接触带的“硅钙岩性界面”中,其成矿与花岗岩侵入关系密切,是一个具有很大找矿潜力的富铁矿床。但前人对该花岗岩的研究还很薄弱,本文对潘田铁矿花岗岩进行了岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年研究,探讨其岩石成因、形成时代、构造环境、及其与成矿的关系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得其结晶年龄为131.68±0.48Ma。该岩体为高钾钙碱性系列,属弱过铝质-准铝质岩石;稀土元素总量较低,轻稀土相对于重稀土富集,具有明显铕负异常,重稀土配分模式相对平坦,中稀土相对亏损。微量元素中相对富集大离子亲石元素而亏损高场强元素。岩石地球化学特征表明潘田岩体为高分异I型花岗岩,形成于碰撞后拉张环境。潘田铁矿床矿体与花岗岩体的空间分布规律与成因关系表明,花岗岩侵入作用是控制主成矿阶段矿体空间定位的地质作用,花岗岩是铁矿床的成矿地质体,林地组碎屑岩与黄龙组-栖霞组碳酸盐岩的接触界面是成矿有利部位,矿床类型属于典型“硅钙岩性界面”成矿,本矿床的成因类型属于“多因耦合、临界转换、边界成矿”的典型案例。