郭村煤矿井筒帷幕灌浆施工技术

本文通过郭村煤矿井筒帷幕灌浆工程实例 ,详细地阐述了钻进、灌浆等施工技术 ,列举了工程质量检测的定性、定量评价成果 ,并总结了工程成功的经验和意义。     

长螺旋旋喷搅拌水泥土帷幕桩及其应用

介绍了一种新的专利技术——长螺旋旋喷搅拌水泥土桩,尤其适用于北京等硬土地区在已施护坡桩之间做帷幕,克服砂卵石等硬地层,比其它方法在技术可靠、施工高效、安全文明、经济环保4方面有明显优势。同时介绍了该技术在北京大学留学生公寓楼基坑工程中的应用,确保了西侧5栋高教住宅楼的安全和正常使用。     

Impact of grout curtains on karst groundwater behaviour: an example from the Dinaric karst

Grout curtains are vertical grout walls installed in the ground. In karst terrains, their construction is primarily connected with dams and reservoirs. Their main role is to increase water tightness and to prevent progressive erosion, blocking possible seepage paths along karst fissures and conduits. In this article, changes in the behaviour of the groundwater level (GWL) and the water temperature in nine deep piezometers, which were caused by the construction of a grout curtain at the ?ale Reservoir on the Cetina River (Croatia), were analysed. The total length of the grout curtain is 3966 m. It spreads 120 m below the dam. The most analysed data are from the period after the dam had been built. Only few data and figures concern the comparison between pre‐ and post‐dam periods. The hourly data of the GWL and the water temperature were analysed for the period between 1 September 2008 at 02:00 h to 31 December 2009 at 23:00 h (11 687 h total) in six deep piezometers (marked in the text and figures as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). For three piezometers (marked in the text and figures as A, B and C), some discontinuous measurements of the GWL and the water temperature were available for analysis. The construction of the grout curtain made strong, sudden and possibly dangerous changes to the characteristics of the aquifer and the circulation of groundwater in the local area. Special attention is paid to analyses of the behaviour of the hourly GWL data measured in the piezometers pairs (two neighbouring piezometers, one inside and the other outside of the grout curtain). During more than 80% of the analysed period, the GWL was higher in the piezometer inside the grout curtain than the one outside of it. The intensity and range of the dynamics of GWL was higher in piezometer outside the grout curtain than the inside ones. After the construction of the grout curtain, the maximum measured hydrostatic pressure on some parts of the grout curtain was approximately 40 m. It changes quickly in both time and direction. The water temperature was found to be similar in all of the measured piezometers, and it varies between 10.2 and 15.7 °C with an average value of 12.7 °C. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超高层建筑幕墙施工过程分析

传统的幕墙结构设计,往往忽略施工过程对其安全性的影响,这种近似的分析方法会与实际情况有较大差异,结果不可信。尤其对于超高层建筑,其施工过程中力学变化复杂,对幕墙整体安全性的影响具有一定未知性,需要深入分析。针对此问题,结合刚度迁移法对上海中心大厦幕墙施工过程进行研究,重点分析了典型分区幕墙支撑结构应力及吊杆变形在施工中的变化;利用显式有限元方法分析了伸臂桁架的合拢次序,保证了幕墙施工的安全性。结果表明：幕墙支撑结构应力在各施工阶段存在差异,幕墙玻璃施工结束后,应力达到最大值,后续施工中,应力逐渐减小;吊杆最大竖向变形量出现在本区幕墙玻璃施工中;为保证幕墙施工的安全性,应合理安排伸臂桁架的合拢次序及时间。     

超前帷幕注浆技术在蔡园煤矿导水断层治理中的应用

蔡园煤矿中部发育一条走向近NW向的正断层,对开采12煤层有影响,在分析断层特征及水文地质条件基础上,采用超前帷幕注浆技术对断层破碎带进行了加固,并对影响断层富水性的灰岩含水层进行了预注浆封堵,实现了对断层破碎带加固、堵水的双重效果,达到了巷道围岩加固及含水层改造的双重目的,保证了巷道的安全通过。     

富水隧道幕墙堵水技术研究

富水隧道的涌水问题是目前隧道施工中要解决的首要问题,尤其是涌水量特别大、水流速度大的隧道。目前针对该问题多采用注浆加固圈的方法,以排为主,后注浆加固。这种方法对于涌水量不大、渗透率低的围岩可行,而对于水压力大、地下水丰富的隧道,其效果差、成本高。针对该问题,文章提出一种幕墙堵水技术。首先分析渗透力与浆液的黏滞系数之间的关系,通过计算得出多孔介质中注浆浆液在渗透力作用下的地下水临界流速,确定幕墙距离隧道的最佳间距为2m,并提出了24种不同尺寸的注浆方案。采用数值模拟方法,分别计算了24种注浆方案的堵水或限排效果。最后在所建的24个模型中得出注浆深度为30.6m,注浆长度为20m的方案为最佳堵水方案,并应用到工程中。结果显示该方案堵水效果明显,洞内积水降低80%,能保证隧道下一步施工。研究表明:通过临界流速分析方法能够经济、快速地确定堵水或限排方案,满足现场施工及注浆堵水限排的要求,研究成果可为类似工程设计提供理论依据。     

Geotechnical characterization of carbonate marls for the construction of impermeable dam cores

Fine-grained, more or less cohesive carbonate materials are extremely widespread in terms of surface area and are, therefore, commonly used as materials to construct impermeable cores for dams. However, it has not been adequately documented whether the carbonate content in fine-grained soils significantly affects their engineering behaviour. The present study shows that the carbonate content substantially influences the engineering behaviour of clayey material. For this, we subjected 32 samples to different laboratory tests, such as the normal Proctor, the Atterberg limits, granulometric analysis, oedometric and undrained triaxial tests. The resulting parameters were correlated with the carbonate content of the samples.

The materials studied in this work had been used in the construction of the impermeable core of the San Clemente Dam, belonging to the hydrographic basin of the Guadalquivir River (southern Spain). These marls present, as their prime characteristic, a carbonate content of the fine fraction consistently exceeding 50%, giving them special importance in the study of this phenomenon.

In this study, a direct relationship was found between the geotechnical properties of the soils studied and their degree of compaction, with the carbonate content and the type of minerals in the clay being the main factors determining the behaviour of these soils. Finally, we conclude that the percentage of carbonates should be used as a classification criterion for the soils used to construct the cores of earth-filled dams.     

已掘砌立井全井筒段出水治理技术

淮南矿业集团望峰岗一副井在凿井过程中多次发生突水事故,在分析原因的基础上,结合该工程水文地质条件及现场环境条件,采用定向分支造孔方法,实行下行式、小段高、低压重复注浆方式,成功在已砌筑井壁的井筒周围形成堵水帷幕,从而解决了强含水\     

机械排烟作用下无机防烟卷帘防烟特性的实验研究

采用全尺寸模拟实验,通过测量机械排烟作用下无机防烟卷帘背火面壁面的平均温升、卷帘缝隙处的烟气流动等,对无机防烟卷帘在机械排烟作用下的防烟特性展开研究。结果表明：无机防烟卷帘在发生火灾时自动下降至地面,在机械排烟作用下,在20 min的实验时间内,基本上能将烟气阻挡在模拟着火房间内,只有极少量烟气进入模拟中庭,卷帘背火面壁面温度接近环境温度;该无机防烟卷帘具有良好的挡烟耐热性能,火灾时可以保证非着火区域人员的安全疏散。本文研究可为该种新型无机防烟卷帘在复杂中庭防火设计中的应用提供实验支持。     

悬挂式帷幕防渗作用的有限元模拟

建立了二维渗流方程的有限元表达式,比较了某工程实例防渗帷幕建造前、后渗流速度和出溢处水力坡降的变化情况。计算表明,除帷幕底部小范围内渗流速度有所上升外,其它地区的渗流速度及下游出溢处的水力梯度均显著降低。在运用悬挂式防渗帷幕时,要注意提高帷幕底部的抗冲刷能力。