Magma underplating and Hannuoba present crust-mantle transitional zone composition: Xenolith petrological and geochemical evidence

Studies on the deep-seated xenoliths from global volcanoes reveal that the present petrological crust-mantle boundary between the lower crust and the upper mantle actually is a transitional layer from mainly mafic granulites to ultramafic spinel lher-zolites[1,2], i.e. a transitional zone distinctive from the seismological Moho[3]. Oceanic lithosphere crust- mantle transitional zone can be established from the study on the exposed ophiolites. However, as for the continental lithosphere, since …     

地幔流体研究进展

介绍了在地幔流体的成分、源区、形成机制、运移方式和分异模式以及地幔流体与地幔交代作用、岩浆作用和成矿作用的关系等方面研究的一些新进展 ,总结了地幔流体的研究途径和方法的一些新突破 ,并指出了今后的重点研究方向。     

华北地幔捕虏体Fe-Mg-Ca同位素研究进展

近年来,得益于同位素分析技术和质谱仪器性能的提高,使得铁（Fe）、镁（Mg）和钙（Ca）等非传统稳定同位素的高精度测量成为可能,并很快在地球化学、天体化学和生物地球化学等研究领域取得了丰硕的成果。本文通过对比分析来自华北克拉通不同地区不同类型地幔捕虏体的Fe、Mg和Ca位素组成特征,揭示华北克拉通岩石圈地幔Fe、Mg和Ca同位素组成不均一性的成因,并在此基础上,探讨华北大陆岩石圈地幔演化过程如部分熔融、橄榄岩-熔体反应过程、熔体的性质和来源等科学问题,为华北克拉通岩石圈的演化过程提供新证据。

     

Element diffusion ability in metasomatic agents and its effect on chemical characteristics of metasomatized peridotites

The partial melting and metasomatism are two most important geological processes of changing chemical compositions of mantle. Extracting partial melt from primitive mantle leads residual mantle to deplete in- compatible elements, whereas the metasomatism …     

Petrogenetic modelling of strongly residual metapelitic xenoliths within the southern Platreef,Bushveld Complex,South Africa

Xenoliths of quartz‐absent Fe‐rich aluminous metapelite are common within the platinum group element‐rich mafic/ultramafic magmatic rocks of the Platreef. Relative to well‐characterized protoliths, the xenoliths are strongly depleted in K₂O and H₂O, and have lost a substantial amount of melt (>50 vol.%). Mineral equilibria calculations in the NCKFMASHTO system yield results that are consistent with observations in natural samples. Lower‐grade rocks that lack staurolite constrain peak pressures to ～2.5 kbar in the southern Platreef. Smaller xenoliths and the margins of larger xenoliths comprise micro‐diatexite rich in coarse acicular corundum and spinel, which record evidence for the metastable persistence of lower‐grade hydrous phases and rapid melting consequent on a temperature overstep of several hundred degrees following their incorporation in the mafic/ultramafic magmas. In the cores of larger xenoliths, temperatures increased more slowly enabling progressive metamorphism by continuous prograde equilibration and the loss of H₂O by subsolidus dehydration; the H₂O migrated to xenolith margins where it may have promoted increased melting. According to variations in the original compositional layering, layers became aluminosilicate‐ and/or cordierite‐rich, commonly with spinel but only rarely with corundum. The differing mineralogical and microstructural evolution of the xenoliths depends on heating rates (governed by their size and, therefore, proximity to the Platreef magmas) and the pre‐intrusive metamorphic grade of the protoliths. The presence or absence of certain phases, particularly corundum, is strongly influenced by the degree of metastable retention of lower‐grade hydrates in otherwise identical protolith bulk compositions. The preservation of fine‐scale compositional layering that is inferred to be relict bedding in xenolith cores implies that melt loss by compaction was extremely efficient.     

Mineral chemistry of spinel peridotite xenoliths from Baengnyeong Island, South Korea, and its implications for the paleogeotherm of the uppermost mantle

Abstract   The mantle-derived xenoliths entrained in the Pliocene basanite from Baengnyeong Island, South Korea, are spinel lherzolites and spinel harzburgites. The overall compositional range of the Baengnyeong xenoliths matches that of the post-Archean xenoliths of lithospheric mantle origin from eastern China, but without any compositional evidence for a refractory Archean mantle root. Mineral compositions of the xenoliths have been used to estimate the equilibrium temperatures and pressures, and to construct a paleogeothermal gradient of the source region. The xenolith-derived paleogeotherm is constrained from about 820°C at 7.3 kbar to 1000°C at 20.6 kbar. Like those from the post-Archean Chinese xenoliths of lithospheric mantle origin, the Baengnyeong geotherm is considerably elevated relative to the conductive models at the depth of the crust–mantle boundary, reflecting a thermal perturbation probably related to lithospheric thinning. There is no significant P / T difference between harzburgite and lherzolite, which suggests that the harzburgites are interlayered with lherzolites within the depth interval beneath Baengnyeong Island.     

岚皋绿色辉石捕虏体矿物学及其地质意义

产于扬子板块北缘岚皋县境内的早古生代镁铁－超镁铁质煌斑杂岩中的绿色辉石捕虏晶及捕虏体，按其岩相学及化学成分可分成三种类型，它们是同一种岩浆在不同深度结晶分异的结果。绿色辉石岩系列是早古生代大陆边缘裂谷中超碱质基性岩浆活动的产物。同寄主煌斑杂岩的初始岩浆（煌斑岩浆）一样，是于裂谷作用不同阶段由交代富集的亏损地幔部分熔融所形成。     

Thermal Structure and Rheology of the Upper Mantle beneath Guangdong and Hainan Provinces, China

１．Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　　Ｔｈｅｔｈｅｒｍａｌｓｔａｔｅａｎｄｒｈｅｏｌｏｇｙｏｆｔｈｅｕｐｐｅｒｍａｎｔｌｅａｒｅｏｆｇｒｅａｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｉｎｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆｔｈｅｌｉｔｈｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ,ａｎｄｅｖｅｎｆｏｒｉｔｓ３ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｏｒ４ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｍａｐｐｉｎｇ（Ｏ’ＲｅｉｌｌｙａｎｄＧｒｉｆｆｉｎ,１９８５;Ｏ’Ｒｅｉｌｌｙｅｔａｌ．,１９９６;Ｘｕｅｔａｌ．１９９５;Ｘｕｅｔａｌ．,１９９…     

地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的指示意义

橄榄石是地幔橄榄岩和辉石岩的主要组成矿物,但也经常以斑晶和捕虏晶的形式出现在玄武质岩石中。结合近年来在地幔橄榄岩的主要元素(如Mg和Fe)组成特征以及Li、Mg和Fe稳定同位素地球化学方面的研究成果,重点对橄榄石的地球化学特征与华北克拉通岩石圈地幔演化过程之间的联系进行了讨论,旨在加深对华北克拉通岩石圈地幔演化过程的理解。现有研究表明:地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的矿物学特征、元素和同位素地球化学组成能够很好地指示岩石圈地幔的特征及其演化过程,因而具有重要的意义。对于克拉通地区的地幔橄榄岩来说,橄榄石的Mg#通常可以指示岩石圈地幔的属性,古老、难熔的地幔橄榄岩中的橄榄石一般具有较高的Mg#(>92),而新生的岩石圈地幔橄榄岩中的橄榄石则具有较低的Mg#(<91)。因此,地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的Mg#在一定程度上具有年龄意义。橄榄岩中橄榄石的Li、Mg和Fe同位素组成也可以明确指示岩石圈地幔的属性及其所经历的演化过程,正常地幔的δ7Li、δ26Mg和δ57Fe组成相对均一,如果上述同位素组成偏离正常地幔值,则说明岩石圈地幔经历了熔体/流体的交代作用。华北克拉通地区地幔橄榄岩捕虏体中橄榄石的Li、Mg和Fe同位素组成研究表明:该区的岩石圈地幔经历了多个阶段、不同来源的熔体/流体的改造过程。     

吉林龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发物中幔源包体的基本特征及其地质意义

龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发发生在距今1500年前,其火山喷发物中所含的幔源橄榄岩包体是我国在最新火山喷发物中所发现的幔源包体。这些包体以普遍含有韭闪石为特征。包体的结构和位错构造反映这些包体在上地幔条件下经历过一定程度的变形作用。包体的平衡温度大多数集中在800～950℃之间,只有个别样品温度达到1050℃;平衡压力大多数集中在1.0～1.5 GPa之间。由包体平衡温度、压力得到的上地幔地温线稍低于中国东部由新第三纪包体得到的上地幔地温线,但接近第四纪包体得到的地温线。包体在上地幔条件下变形时的差异应力在30～44MPa,应变速率为10-18s-110-15s-1。角闪石的出现反映上地幔流体的渗透及交代作用。金龙顶子火山发的玄武岩浆直接来自35～50km的上地幔顶部。