Zircon U‐Pb/Lu‐Hf and monazite chemical dating of the Tirodi biotite gneiss: implication for latest Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone

In this investigation, we reconstruct the latest Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenic events along the southern margin of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ), using sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U‐Pb zircon dating and Lu‐Hf isotope analyses of zircon and Th‐U‐Pb chemical dating of monazite from samples of the Tirodi biotite gneiss (TBG) unit in the Sausar Mobile Belt (SMB), the latter constituting the southernmost litho‐tectonic component of the CITZ. U‐Pb zircon dating of one migmatitic gneiss sample from the type locality of the Tirodi biotite gneiss in the northern domain of the SMB has yielded an age of 1618 ± 8 Ma, which is considered to be the time of magmatic crystallization of its protolith. Combined U‐Pb zircon and monazite chemical dating of two granite gneiss samples from the southern domain of the SMB broadly constrain magmatic crystallization between 1603 ± 23 Ma and 1584 ± 17 Ma and an overprinting metamorphic recrystallization event at 1572 ± 7 Ma. Monazites from the granite gneiss samples also record a terminal metamorphic event at 1415 ± 23 Ma. Lu‐Hf isotopic analyses of zircons reveal fundamentally different source rock reservoirs for the protoliths of these magmatic rocks across the SMB. While the type TBG from the northern domain was derived from an Early Palaeoproterozoic source T(Hf) from 2093 to 2523 Ma, with a mean value at 2379 Ma) of essentially juvenile material with minor crustal components (εHf(t) from −3.3 to + 3.7), the granite from the southern domain had a mature crustal source (εHf(t) from −12.5 to −21.9) of Palaeoarchaean age T(Hf) from 3051 to 3630 Ma, with a mean value at 3218 Ma). When integrated with metamorphic information previously obtained from the 1.6 Ga ultra‐high temperature granulite facies metamorphic event in the SMB, the discrete magmatic and metamorphic events between 1.62/1.60 Ga and 1.42 Ga can be correlated with the formation of an Early Mesoproterozoic accretionary orogen in the CITZ. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

老挝琅勃拉邦帕奔矿区原生金矿床的地质特征及找矿方向

老挝帕奔金矿区位于区域性奠边府—琅勃拉邦断裂带的旁侧,受NE-NNE向韧脆性剪切带的控制,在下二叠系灰岩中产有构造破碎蚀变岩型金矿和含金方解石型脉金矿,全区分为6个矿化带,总体呈NNE向展布。金的富集受脆韧性断裂多次叠加或不同方向断裂交汇点的控制,矿化围岩中出现碳酸盐化、铁白云石化、菱铁矿化、大理岩化、高岭土化等热液蚀变。研究认为,区域上的韧脆性剪切带的延长部位应列为找矿区段,在灰岩和砂岩的接触地带(如M6矿化带西侧)应注意找矿,各矿化带内强片理化带的边部和构造的叠加、交汇部位是勘查工作的重点。     

中巴资源卫星HR与CCD图像融合方法探讨

中巴资源卫星（CBERS）多光谱CCD数据与全色HR数据空间分辨率相差较大,给图像融合带来一定困难。利用锐化、高通滤波（HPF）、Brovey变换、IHS变换、主成分变换、GS变换和小波变换等方法对CCD与HR数据进行融合试验。通过定性与定量分析,探讨了不同方法的融合效果。     

Life history, growth and production of Theodoxus fluviatilis in Lake Esrom, Denmark

A population of Theodoxus fluviatilis L in the littoral zone of Lake Esrom was investigated from November 1977 to February 1979. The population was sampled every month in the winter period and twice during the rest of the year. Biomass was estimated as ash-free dry weight (AFDW) of the organic matter both of the soft parts of the animal and the shell itself. The relation between AFDW (c) and shell length (l) was log c=2.9509×log (l)−1.7120. The population comprised more than 1 year-class, which could be separated by shell length, by a narrow band on the shells and the growth of algae on the shell. The life cycle lasted years. The oldest animals had a shell length of 7.0-7.5 mm. A few individuals who were estimated to be years had a shell length up to 8.6 mm. Population density varied between 575 and 2115 individuals m⁻² on the stony substratum. The average was 1160 individuals m⁻². Mortality was low during the summer period. In winter many animals died due to the effect of ice and stormy weather on the stony substratum. Growth of the animals was estimated from the shell length. Maximum growth was observed from May to August with no growth during the winter. Egg capsules were found on the stones all year round. New capsules were found from late May to the middle of November. Most freshly laid capsules were observed in May-June and August-September. Capsules from the late summer hatched in spring and capsules laid in the spring hatched in August-September. The average annual net production for the whole population was estimated by three methods. The Allen curve method gave 1.895 AFDW m⁻², the growth-increment method gave 1.784 mg AFDW m⁻² and the Hynes method 2.284 mg AFDW m⁻². Corresponding estimated P/B ratios were 1.29, 1.30 and 1.57. Annual net-production of the four investigated year-classes was 16 mg AFDW m⁻² year⁻¹ for 1975, 224 mg AFDW m⁻² year⁻¹ for 1976, 1.258 mg AFDW m⁻² year⁻¹ for 1977 and 287 mg AFDW m⁻² year⁻¹ for 1978. P/B ratios for the three oldest year-classes were, respectively, 0.32, 0.50 and 1.67. A comparison with other investigations on gastropod life cycles, reproduction and P/B ratios is made and differences discussed. Variations are correlated to temperature, and food quality and quantity.     

Penglai Zircon Megacrysts: A Potential New Working Reference Material for Microbeam Determination of Hf–O Isotopes and U–Pb Age

We introduce a potential new working reference material – natural zircon megacrysts from an Early Pliocene alkaline basalt (from Penglai, northern Hainan Island, southern China) – for the microbeam determination of O and Hf isotopes, and U–Pb age dating. The Penglai zircon megacrysts were found to be fairly homogeneous in Hf and O isotopes based on large numbers of measurements by LA-multiple collector (MC)-ICP-MS and SIMS, respectively. Precise determinations of O isotopes by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and Hf isotopes by solution MC-ICP-MS were in good agreement with the statistical mean of microbeam measurements. The mean δ¹⁸O value of 5.31 ± 0.10‰ (2s) by IRMS and the mean ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf value of 0.282906 ± 0.0000010 (2s) by solution MC-ICP-MS are the best reference values for the Penglai zircons. SIMS and isotope dilution-TIMS measurements yielded consistent ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages within analytical uncertainties, and the preferred ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age was found to be 4.4 ± 0.1 Ma (95% confidence interval). The young age and variably high common Pb content make the Penglai zircons unsuitable as a primary U–Pb age reference material for calibration of unknown samples by microbeam analysis; however, they can be used as a secondary working reference material for quality control of U–Pb age determination for young (particularly < 10 Ma) zircon samples.     

淮南煤田丁集井田B组煤中硼元素与沉积环境演化分析

为了查清丁集矿区B组煤层的沉积环境及其赋存规律,对井田内3个补勘钻孔中142件煤样进行了测试分析,特别对硼元素的分布特征及其沉积环境进行了详细的探讨与分析,结果表明:从4-1煤至8煤硼元素呈现总体下降的趋势;B组煤层沉积在以咸水为主导的多变环境下,且大部分煤层沉积在半咸水—咸水的环境中;多变的沉积环境致使B组煤中部分煤层出现分叉与合并现象、其厚度较薄且间距较小。     

井下瞬变电磁法在煤矿陷落柱探测中应用

潘三矿12318面在回采过程中发现一陷落柱,为查明其分布范围、赋水、导水情况,采用井下瞬变电磁法进行探测。基于矿井内切眼、风巷、机巷的位置,采用U型观测系统布设了三条测线。将不同方向视电阻率断面图进行对比,解释该陷落柱距风巷的垂直距离在70m左右。依据视电阻率断面图高阻值在面内延伸的形态,确定了该陷落柱的长轴方向及分布范围,并断定其无富水异常。经钻孔验证,与解释结果一致,表明瞬变电磁法应用于井下进行陷落柱探测具有较高的准确性。     

Pulsar PSR B2303+30: a single system of drifting subpulses, moding and nulling

Analyses of multiple pulse sequences of the pulsar PSR B2303+30 reveal two distinct emission modes. One mode (B) follows a steady even–odd pattern and is more intense. The second mode (Q) is characteristically weak, but has intermittent drift bands with a periodicity of approximately 3 P ₁/cycle, and nulls much more frequently than the B mode. Both modes occur with roughly equal frequency, and their profiles have a similar single-humped form with a slight asymmetry. Our observations and analyses strongly suggest that the subpulse drift rates in both modes are linked in a series of cycles, which can be modelled as relaxing oscillations in the underlying circulation rate.     

The radio galaxy Centaurus B

Centaurus B (PKS B1343−601) is one of the brightest and closest radio galaxies, with flux density ∼250 Jy at 408 MHz and redshift 0.01215, but it has not been studied much because of its position (i) close to the Galactic plane (it is also known as G309.6+1.7 and Kes 19) and (ii) in the southern sky. It has recently been suggested as the centre of a highly obscured cluster behind the Galactic plane. We present radio observations made with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope to study the jets and lobes. The total intensity and polarization radio images of the FR I jets are used to determine the jet brightness and width variations, magnetic field structure and fractional polarization. The equipartition pressure calculated along the jets declines rapidly over the first 1 arcmin from the galaxy reaching a constant pressure of 10⁻¹³  h ^−4/7 Pa in the lobes blown in the intracluster medium.