皖南休宁县里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩成岩成矿特征分析

提要：通过野外考察、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年和Re-Os同位素测试等手段,对里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩及钼矿床的成因类型、成岩机制以及与壳幔作用的关系进行了分析讨论。测试结果显示：赋矿似斑状花岗闪长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（153.01±0.90） Ma（MSWD=1.14）,辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄为（144.9±1.9） Ma（MSWD=2.0）,成岩与成矿均发生于燕山早期。主微量元素分析结果显示：岩石富Si和K,贫Mg、Ca、P等元素,具有高Rb、低Yb+Ta的特征,稀土元素具有轻微负Eu异常,轻稀土富集;辉钼矿样品Re含量主要介于24.17～27.92μg.g-1。说明赋矿似斑状花岗闪长岩具有I型花岗岩的特征,并经历了壳幔混合作用,判断里东坑似斑状花岗闪长岩为碰撞花岗岩类,形成于挤压背景,具备良好的成矿条件。     

南极横贯南极山脉休斯陡崖花岗质岩体的成因

为了探讨横贯南极山脉休斯陡崖花岗质岩体的岩石成因,对其开展了岩相学和岩石化学分析。结果表明,休斯陡崖岩体主体岩石为二长花岗岩,后期被细粒二长花岗岩岩脉侵入。二者都具有高硅、富碱和高钾特征,里特曼指数小于3,岩石铝饱和指数(A/CNK)值小于1;微量元素原始地幔标准化分布型式具有Rb、Th、U和K元素富集,Nb、Ta、Nd和Ti等元素亏损特征;稀土元素总量偏低,轻稀土富集。主期二长花岗岩的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布型式具有轻微的负Eu异常,而岩脉具有正的Eu异常。休斯陡崖岩体的岩石类型为钙碱性准铝质I型花岗岩,源区为下陆壳,并伴有幔源物质的混入。在源区,岩浆发生了不同程度的斜长石、钛铁矿、金红石和磷灰石的分离结晶作用,其形成的构造环境为与俯冲作用有关的火山岛弧环境。      

福建潘田铁矿床花岗岩岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年代学及其与成矿的关系

潘田铁矿床矿体主要赋存于潘田花岗岩体外接触带的“硅钙岩性界面”中,其成矿与花岗岩侵入关系密切,是一个具有很大找矿潜力的富铁矿床。但前人对该花岗岩的研究还很薄弱,本文对潘田铁矿花岗岩进行了岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年研究,探讨其岩石成因、形成时代、构造环境、及其与成矿的关系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得其结晶年龄为131.68±0.48Ma。该岩体为高钾钙碱性系列,属弱过铝质-准铝质岩石;稀土元素总量较低,轻稀土相对于重稀土富集,具有明显铕负异常,重稀土配分模式相对平坦,中稀土相对亏损。微量元素中相对富集大离子亲石元素而亏损高场强元素。岩石地球化学特征表明潘田岩体为高分异I型花岗岩,形成于碰撞后拉张环境。潘田铁矿床矿体与花岗岩体的空间分布规律与成因关系表明,花岗岩侵入作用是控制主成矿阶段矿体空间定位的地质作用,花岗岩是铁矿床的成矿地质体,林地组碎屑岩与黄龙组-栖霞组碳酸盐岩的接触界面是成矿有利部位,矿床类型属于典型“硅钙岩性界面”成矿,本矿床的成因类型属于“多因耦合、临界转换、边界成矿”的典型案例。     

Highly fractionated I-type granites in NE China (I): geochronology and petrogenesis

Northeastern (NE) China is the easternmost part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), which is celebrated for its accretionary tectonics and the world's most important juvenile crust production in the Phanerozoic era. Abundant granitoids occur in the Great Xing'an, Lesser Xing'an and Zhangguangcai Ranges in NE China. This paper presents partial results of a series of studies on the granitoids from this region, aiming to understand their role in the building of new continental crust in eastern Asia. Three composite granite plutons (Xinhuatun, Lamashan and Yiershi) were chosen for geochemical and isotopic study in order to determine their emplacement ages and petrogenesis. Petrographically, they range from granodiorite (minor), monzogranite, syenogranite to alkali-feldspar granite. Quartz and perthitic feldspar are principal phases, accompanied by minor amounts of plagioclase, biotite (<5%) and other accessory minerals. In addition, many contain abundant miarolitic cavities which suggest that they were emplaced at shallow levels with extensive fractional crystallization. Geochemically, the granites are silica-rich, peraluminous and have high contents of alkalis. They invariably show enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREE) and significant negative Eu anomalies. All the granitic rocks demonstrate the characteristic negative anomalies in Ba, Nb, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti, and a positive anomaly in Pb in the spidergram.

The emplacement of the Xinhuatun pluton took place at 184±4 Ma as revealed by zircon SHRIMP U–Pb data. This is also supported by the slightly younger Rb–Sr whole-rock (WR) isochron age of 173±3 Ma. A whole-rock (WR) Rb–Sr isochron age of 154±3 Ma was obtained for the Lamashan pluton, which is interpreted as close to the time of emplacement. The Yiershi pluton was intruded at about 140 Ma as evidenced by a zircon U–Pb age of 137±2 Ma and WR Rb–Sr isochron age of 143±5 Ma. Biotite-WR Rb–Sr isochrons and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of feldspars allow us to estimate the cooling rate of each pluton.

Geochemical data suggest that the rocks are highly fractionated I-type granites. Fractionation of biotite and feldspars was the principal process of magmatic differentiation and responsible for major element variation. Rb, Sr and Ba concentrations were controlled by feldspar separation, whereas REE elements were fractionated by accessory minerals, such as apatite, allanite and monazite.     

河北省S型与I型花岗岩体上的航磁异常特征及找矿作用

S型与I型花岗岩体在河北省境内广泛分布,前者含矿性不好,后者与成矿关系密切,普遍矿化。通过分析河北省高精度航磁资料,总结对比了S型与I型花岗岩体的航磁异常特征,并分析了它们磁性差异的原因,以便于在航磁资料的研究中圈定这两类花岗质岩体,区分矿与非矿异常,间接圈定找矿靶区。     

兴蒙造山带南缘东段和龙地区Ⅰ型花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及其地质意义

本文对兴蒙造山带南缘东段和龙地区八家子岩体和勇新岩体进行了岩相学、地球化学、LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和Sr-Nd同位素研究,以便制约该区的区域构造演化。锆石测年结果显示,八家子石英闪长岩结晶年龄为257.8±0.9Ma,形成于晚二叠世早期,勇新二长花岗岩的结晶年龄为243.2±1.1Ma和238.5±2.8Ma,形成于中三叠世。八家子石英闪长岩为钠质钙碱系列、偏铝质的Ⅰ型花岗岩类,富集轻稀土(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs,Cs、Ba、K和Sr),亏损重稀土(HREEs)和高场强元素(HFSEs,Nb、Ta和P),结合Sr-Nd同位素特征显示其为壳源成因,形成于俯冲环境下,是玄武质下地壳部分熔融的产物。勇新二长花岗岩富硅、铝和钾,为高钾钙碱性系列、偏铝质-弱过铝质的Ⅰ型花岗岩,富集轻稀土(LREEs)及大离子亲石元素(LILEs,Cs、K、Sr),亏损重稀土(HREEs)和高场强元素(HFSEs,Nb、Ta、P和Ti),结合Sr-Nd同位素特征显示其为壳源成因,形成于同碰撞环境下,是玄武质下地壳部分熔融的产物。花岗岩的侵位反映了研究区晚二叠世早期古亚洲洋板块俯冲于华北克拉通之下,中三叠世华北克拉通与兴凯地块碰撞拼合,说明古亚洲洋应闭合于晚二叠世末期-早三叠世期间。     

圣宗庙花岗岩地质特征及成因分析

圣宗庙花岗岩出露于辽西凹陷与山海关古隆起的衔接部位。依据岩体的岩石、矿物和地球化学特征分析,岩体形成于造山后期拉张环境,岩石富碱、富硅、贫钙,岩浆分异程度高、粘度大,是下地壳亏损熔体的Ⅰ型源岩经部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆脉动定位形成的花岗岩,具有A型花岗岩特征。     

内蒙古石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

通过对乌拉特中旗石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学的系统研究,探讨了其形成时代及构造环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为(275.0±0.7)Ma,代表了其成岩年龄。岩石的A/CNK值为0.93~1.10,属于偏铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩,σ值为2.01~2.88,属于钙碱性系列。岩石ΣREE偏低,轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损,LREE/HREE为9.86~15.63,轻重稀土分异程度较高,Eu异常不明显或呈弱的负异常。原始地幔标准化蛛网图上富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K等,而亏损高场强元素Nb,蛛网图特征与正常弧花岗质岩石基本一致。根据石哈河地区黑云母二长花岗岩所处大地构造位置、侵位时代及岩石地球化学特征,推断其形成于活动大陆边缘构造环境,这也标志着研究区由洋壳俯冲阶段转入陆-陆碰撞构造演化阶段的时间上限应晚于早二叠世晚期。