USE OF THE KALMAN FILTER FOR MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION IN A REAL SYSTEM AND ITS COMPARISON WITH CLS AND PURE COMPONENT CALIBRATION METHODS

The usefulness of the Kalman filter as an algorithm for calibration in a real system is shown. Results arecompared with classical least squares and pure component calibration. The prediction of four prioritypollutant chlorophenols in binary, ternary and quaternary mixtures was also carried out by Kalmanfiltering. The condition number, standard deviation and prediction error have been employed to choosethe most suitable wavelength range. Comparison of the standard error of prediction in the validation setshows significant differences between the evaluated chlorophenols, the best results being obtained withKalman multivariate calibration.     

盐湖形成过程中银的迁移形式及富集条件

本文研究了盐湖形成过程中银的迁移形式及富集条件．在热液中银主要以Ａｇ（ＨＳ）￣－＿２·Ａｇ（ＮＨ３）·ＡｇＣｌ络合物形式迁移；在表生条件下银主要以Ａｇ（Ｓ２Ｏ３）络合物形式迁移．它们在盐湖中被演化为ＡｇＣｌ络合物，由于湖水大量蒸发、盐类大量结晶析出，导致盐湖卤水中银的富集．     

2005～2006年冬季渤海冰情及海冰警报

本文介绍2005~2006年冬季渤海冰情。初冬12月莱州湾发生历史上少见的局地冰灾。2月上旬面临辽东湾严重冰情,国家海洋环境预报中心首次启动“海冰灾害应急预案”,发布海冰警报,为防冰减灾发挥了重要作用。     

残留盆地及其油气保存问题

残留盆地的最本质特征是流体动力体系的改变,即由原型盆地承压流体(压实流体)转变为静压流体动力体系。残留盆地的油气保存条件是油气勘探评价的关键,虽然与多重因素有关,但主要取决于后期构造运动改造的强度,即与盆地的残留和保存程度密切相关。应用流体的压力体系及其物理化学性质的相关指标可直接对残留盆地油气保存条件作出评价。     

潞西地区航磁异常特征及找矿新思路

潞西地区航磁有三个异常带：第一异常带为同源重磁异常,反映高密度磁源体,由基性～超基性岩引起;第二异常带区域不同源重磁异常,反映低密度磁源体为混合片麻岩、混合岩等低密度地层,局部可能反映团坡厂和轩岗乡与黄铁矿相类似的矿床（点）;第三异常带,重磁异常也不同源,反映寒武系一第四系的新地层,局部与花岗岩接触带及与断裂破碎有关的矽卡岩型铅锌多金属矿。依据区内航磁异常及地球物理特征,提出在潞西地区的找矿思路和方向。     

颜家湾岩溶温泉的水文地质特征及成因条件分析

颜家湾温泉是一个低温岩溶温泉。通过对该地区地层、构造、水文地球化学特征等水文地质条体的研究及与周围地区的类比,认为该地区是一个具有隔水保温盖层的中低温地热田,其储热层为寒武系中、上统的白云岩和白云质灰岩。推算在颜家湾一带地下650～700m深处的水温可达42～ 45℃,并具有通过打深井开发地下热水的条件。      

水文地质概化模型与铀成矿关系探讨——以伊犁盆地南缘铀矿田为例

伊犁盆地南缘铀矿田地下水是铀元素的主要载体及控制因素,前期认为构造均为单斜构造,研究区内新发现5条近NS向逆断层,将研究区分割为6个水文地质单元,因水动力差异,铀成矿作用相差较大。依据含矿含水层的补、隔、排条件及水动力变化情况,归纳总结了狭窄集中型、中间型、宽缓敞开型3类水文地质模型,结合铀矿床规模,得出狭窄型有利于成富大矿体,宽缓敞开型不利于形成工业铀矿体的结论。     

Thermal waters of the Hornonitrianska kotlina depression and their utilization

 Slovakia has many areas rich in thermal waters one of which is the Hornonitrianska kotlina depression. At four localities three types of waters are found. The first belongs to the Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type with T.D.S. 0.7 g/l, the second to the Ca–Mg–SO₄ type with T.D.S. 1.37–2.01 g/l and the third to the Ca–Mg–SO₄–HCO₃ type with T.D.S. 0.97 g/l. Discharge at individual localities varies up to 30 l/s and temperatures of water reach 32.5–66.6  °C. The waters are predominantly used for healing, rehabilitation purposes, recreation and heating. Received: 8 March 1999 · Accepted: 7 June 1999     

栖霞香夼东部石灰岩矿区水文地质条件分析

依据栖霞香夼地区地质勘查及矿区开采成果资料,对矿区水文地质条件进行了分析,认为研究区水文地质条件简单—中等。阐述了地下水对灰岩层开采的影响,分析了矿坑充水因素,并对矿坑涌水量进行预测,认为随着深度增加,水动力条件会发生变化,对矿井开采及防治水害提出了建设性意见。     

Type of major water hazards and study of countermeasures in Shennan Mining Area

By analysing the hydrogeological conditions of this region and the coal mines hereof, together with the water hazards troubled Shennan mine area in recent years, this paper summarized six types of mine water hazards. As per the basic characteristics, geological distribution, threat degree and difficulty of prevention of various water hazards, along with the practice of water prevention in the mining area, this article proposed effective technical measures for the prevention and control of different water hazards and laid a solid foundation for the safe production in the mining area.