水压致裂原位应力测量的特征值参数的计算机辅助确定

水压致裂原地应力测试曲线特征值判定对于提高原地应力测量精度具有十分重要的意义。为了避免人工判读的个体误差和手动数据处理的重复劳动,本文针对水压致裂原地应力测量曲线的特征值判读这一关键技术难点进行软件开发以实现数据处理的自动化。该交互式软件包括数据采集、数据分析和数据库管理等3个主要模块。其中核心模块-数据分析模块包括了水压致裂原地应力测量中特征值Pr和Ps判读的全部方法。软件使用VB语言实现,界面友好,使用可靠方便。通过该软件在山东潍坊市红河镇某钻孔中的应用证明了软件的可靠性和便捷性。     

红层泥岩填筑路堤本体沉降特性研究

本文首先通过对几种不同压实度的红层填料路堤的室内离心模型试验与数值计算分析,确定最合理的压实度为0.93;然后对用压实度为0.93填筑的红层泥岩路堤进行现场碾压试验,确定了碾压参数;最后对达到压实度0.93的红层泥岩路堤进行沉降监测,监测结果表明,红层泥岩填筑路堤本体压密沉降占填土高度的0.7～0.8%,且完成的时间较快.     

聚乙二醇快速澄清原子吸收分光光度法连续测定矿石中铜铅锌

利用聚乙二醇的水溶性和高聚合性,建立了原子吸收分光光度计连续快速测定矿石中的Cu、Pb、Zn的方法。矿石样品用HCl-HNO3-HClO4完全溶解,在均匀的试液中,选择聚乙二醇用量3mL,澄清时间仅2．5h,试液快速澄清。方法精密度（RSD,n=5）小于5％,加标回收率为86．3％-106．0％。方法用于测定岩石国家标准物质中的Cu、Pb和Zn,结果与标准值相符。     

激光扫平仪光束水平误差的检定

阐述了激光扫平仪光束水平误差的检定方法、激光扫平仪特征方向水平误差及其检测步骤和数据处理方法,给出了精度分析和实测结果     

优势面的水力学效应对新寨滑坡稳定性的影响分析

本文阐述了优势面的水力学效应的概念,并用SARMA法重点分析了它对新寨滑坡稳定系数的影响,分析得出了此滑坡发生的条件：hwhwo,与实际资料达到很好的吻合,具有重要的工程参考意义。     

高层建筑深层平板载荷试验的研究

介绍了高层建筑深层平板载荷试验方法的技术现状及一套测试深度可达百米，测试精度高且不受深度影响的新型深层平板载荷试验装置，提出了深层载荷试验中存在的关键性技术问题及解决措施，并给出了实测试验成果。     

大气492 GHz亚毫米波不透明度的测量

使用移动式亚毫米波望远镜(POST)在位于青藏高原海拔3200米的紫金山天文台德令哈射电天文观测站址测量地球大气492GHz频率处天顶方向的不透明度(τ0)的结果．在1999—2000年冬季和2000—2001年冬季的两个观测季节内累计共进行了约870个小时的测量，取得了25842组τ0的有效数据．对数据的统计表明，观测季节内τ0值主要分布在1．5—3．0之间．观测时段内大气不透明度τ0≤1．0的时间比例约占3％．在给出实测资料的基础上，将所测量的亚毫米波不透明度与国际现有亚毫米波台址的不透明度进行了初步比较．     

Numerical investigation of the anisotropic hydraulic conductivity behavior in heterogeneous porous media

The behavior of the mean equivalent hydraulic conductivity normal and parallel to stratification (K₁, and K₂, respectively) is studied here through Monte Carlo simulations of three-dimensional, steady-state flow in statistically anisotropic, bounded, and heterogeneous media. For water flow normal to stratification in strongly heterogeneous porous media (²_Y=3) the value of K₁ is not unique; it ranges from an arithmetic to a geometric, and finally, to a harmonic mean behavior depending on field dimensions, and medium anisotropy. For a fixed anisotropy ratio and variance of Y = ln K, the larger the distance, in the direction perpendicular to stratification, over which water flow takes place, the faster the rate at which, K_H, behavior is approached. However, even for large anisotropy ratios, harmonic mean behavior appears to be a good approximation only for aquifer thickness L₁ that is large enough to allow stratified flow to occur. For small aquifer thickness (L₁/₁<8, where ₁ is the integral scale normal to stratification) the limiting behavior, for large anisotropy ratios, appears to be, instead, that of two-dimensional flow, i.e., water flows primarily parallel to the planes of stratification. When the aquifer thickness is very small compared to the horizontal dimensions (and with relative similar integral scales in the three directions) a behavior resembling arithmetic mean conditions is exhibited, i.e., water flow takes place through heterogeneous, vertical, soil volumes. The geostatistical expressions of Desbarats (1992a) for upscaling hydraulic conductivity values were utilized and closed form empirical relations were developed for the main components of the upscaled hydraulic conductivity tensor.     

Bedload transport processes in a braided gravel-bed river model

A 1:50 scale hydraulic model was designed, based on Froude number similarity and using hydrological and sediment data from a small braided gravel-bed river (the North Branch of the Ashburton River, Canterbury, New Zealand). Eighteen experiments were conducted; seven using steady flows, and eleven using unsteady flows. The experiments were carried out in a 20 m × 3 m tilting flume equipped with a continuous sediment feed and an automated data acquisition and control system. In all experiments water at 30°C was used to reduce viscosity-related scale effects. Analyses of the experimental data revealed that bedload transport rates in braided channels are highly variable, with relative variability being inversely related to mean bedload transport rate. Variability was also found to be cyclic with short-term variations being caused by the migration of bedforms. Bedload transport was found to be more efficient under steady flow than under unsteady flow, and it was postulated that this is caused by a tendency for channel form to evolve towards a condition which maximizes bedload transport for the occurring flow. Average bedload transport rate was found to vary with channel form, although insufficient measurements were made to define a relationship.     

预应力锚固工程中测试技术的现状与发展趋势

预应力锚杆（索）由于具有主动加固、深层加固、布置灵活、施工快速、对岩(土)体扰动小、经济性好等显著特点,因此在桥梁、边坡、基坑、隧道、大坝加固、结构抗浮和抗倾、地质灾害治理等工程中得到了广泛的应用。总结了预应力锚固工程中常用测试方法与仪器的发展现状和存在的问题,指出了预应力锚固工程测试技术的研究与发展方向。