新疆西天山伊犁地块晚古生代火山岩地质特征及构造意义

对新疆西天山伊犁盆地晚古生代火山岩时空分布和地质特征、岩石化学等进行系统总结,认为该盆地晚古生代火山岩主要由晚泥盆世至早二叠世的火山岩组成,其形成与南北天山洋盆演化有关.晚泥盆—早石炭世大哈拉军山组火山岩为天山南北洋盆大洋板块俯冲而成的钙碱性火山岩,晚石炭世伊什基里克组火山岩为挤压环境向拉张环境过渡的钙碱性火山岩和碱性火山岩,早二叠世乌郎组火山岩为后造山具裂谷特征的双峰式火山岩组合.     

基于FMM算法的我国寒潮路径分类及气候特征分析

利用1965—2015年冬半年寒潮过程数据和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,通过FMM算法聚类分析,将影响我国寒潮路径确定为4类,并统计分析了不同类型路径寒潮的活动变化趋势以及环流特征。研究结果表明:各类路径寒潮的频数、强度、季节分布和年际变化存在显著差异,第一类西路转向型寒潮频数最多且逐年减少趋势最大,第三类西北型寒潮强度最大,第四类西路型寒潮在春季频发且变化趋势平缓;在寒潮爆发时刻,500 h Pa温压场配置、风场转变、高层涡度平流和冷暖平流以及地面冷高压分布与寒潮路径的选择密切相关,其中第二类北路型寒潮的低槽、负涡度区和冷平流区偏东分布,第三类则相应偏西。     

Testing the ability of bentonite-amended natural zeolite (clinoptinolite) to remove heavy metals from liquid waste

 The design of environmentally sound liquid waste containment structures has become a crucial task in engineering applications due to ever increasing groundwater contamination from such sites. Construction of such structures usually requires a bottom liner of low hydraulic conductivity as part of the design. In order to reduce the hazards associated with liquid wastes including landfill leachate, bentonite-amended natural zeolite is proposed as an alternative to conventional earthen liners. Among many contaminants associated with liquid wastes, heavy metals are the most dangerous ones. This paper deals with determining the ability of natural zeolite to remove heavy metals from aqueous waste. For this purpose, crushed natural zeolite (clinoptinolite) is amended with commercial powdered bentonite to yield a soil mixture low in permeability and high in ion-exchange capacity. Leachate from a conventional landfill is used as the percolation fluid. Concentrations of certain heavy metals in the effluent fluid percolated through the bentonite-zeolite mixture are compared with that of initial leachate. The conclusion is reached that certain metals are efficiently removed from the influent solution by the soil matrix whereas some ions do not show significant reduction in concentration. This is attributed to high hydraulic conductivity of the bentonite-zeolite mixture.     

腾冲大松坡云英岩型锡矿矿床地质

大松坡锡矿是滇西云英岩型锡矿的典型代表。矿体产于燕山晚期花岗岩体内的次级NNW向构造裂隙带中，呈脉状成群产出。共圈出含锡云英岩脉60余条，但主矿体却只有少数几条。矿体沿走向具有分枝、复合、尖灭再现或尖灭侧现的特点。矿石类型为云英岩型锡矿石。矿床成因属气成高温热液云英岩型锡矿床。根据矿体特征及近年开采实践，对主矿体连接对比标志进行探讨。     

中国海相油气田勘探实例之七塔里木盆地和田河气田的勘探与发现

和田河气田位于新疆塔里木盆地中央隆起巴楚凸起南缘的玛扎塔格构造带,含气面积143.45km2。气田发现于1997年9月,是塔里木盆地已探明的最大的古生界海相碳酸盐岩气田,1998年探明天然气地质储量616.94×108m3。气田由七个气藏构成,气源为寒武系海相碳酸盐岩烃源岩形成的古油藏油裂解气和过成熟干酪根裂解气的混合气,主力产气层为奥陶系碳酸盐岩潜山以及石炭系海相碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩,它们与各自上覆的石炭系不同泥岩段构成良好的区域性和区带性储盖组合。论述了气田的勘探和发现历程、气藏的主要地质特征,总结了应用油气晚期成藏理论取得油气突破的勘探实践与认识启示。     

水库岩溶渗漏及防渗研究综述

岩溶地区水库渗漏是可溶岩地区兴建水利枢纽的主要工程地质问题之一,尤其是在可溶岩广布、岩溶发育强烈、地形复杂地区,岩溶渗漏成为了该类地区水利水电工程的一个普遍问题.库区的岩溶渗漏不仅影响建坝后的正常蓄水,还将危及坝体的安全与稳定.因此,有必要对库区渗漏,特别是岩溶地区的库区渗漏进行渗漏机理、渗漏特征、渗漏条件等进行详细分...     

Analysis of flow behavior in a landfill with cover soil of low hydraulic conductivity

 This paper presents the results of field tests of hydrologic parameters in a landfill and the results of numerical simulation to find the efficiency of the pumping method to reduce leachate levels in the landfill. The field hydraulic conductivity and storativity of waste and buried cover soils in the landfill are measured by pumping and slug tests. The hydrologic condition inside the landfill is first calibrated using the drawdown-time curve obtained from the pumping test, and the flow behavior of leachate during pumping in the landfill, when various layers of waste and buried cover soil exist, is analyzed through three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow. The results of the field investigation show that the buried cover soil of low hydraulic conductivity forms an impermeable layer preventing the downward flow of leachate and upward flow of landfill gas. The hydraulic conductivities of the pumping test and slug tests were quite close on the same order of magnitude. It was also possible to match the drawdown-time data of the field tests with those of the model using input data close to the hydrologic property obtained from the field tests. The numerical flow analysis showed that pumping was possible up to 120 tons/day for a single well without a drain, while the pumping rate could be increased to 300 tons/day for the same well with the drain. From the vertical section of the flow vector with a horizontal drain, the barrier role of buried cover soil is identified, which was proposed by examining the water contents of the disposed cover soil and waste in the field. Received: 15 May 1998 · Accepted: 4 January 1999     

东平县旧县地区铁矿床特征及矿床成因

旧县地区位于东平县城区西北部,东平湖的东北部。隐伏发育泰山岩群山草峪组黑云变粒岩、斜长角闪岩、条带状磁铁角闪石英岩等,是铁矿体的主要赋矿层位。发育2条NNW向断裂构造,岩浆岩仅分布有新太古代傲徕山序列条花峪单元和中生代沂南序列铜汉庄单元。研究区位于汶上东平阿城NW向区域航磁测带的北段,磁场等值线分布比较均匀,规律性较好,以东、北、西侧为低背景,中、南部相对较高,圈定1处走向NW—SE近椭圆形异常,发现2个铁矿体。矿体呈层状赋存于新太古代泰山岩群山草峪组中下部,为沉积变质型铁矿,赋矿岩石为条带状磁铁石英岩、角闪磁铁石英岩。     

揭阳市雷电闪电密度地理分布特征分析

;利用闪电定位资料和气象台站记录的雷暴日资料,对揭阳市闪电密度地理特征进行了分析.研究表明,揭阳市的雷暴频繁高发期主要集中在5～9月,7、8月份尤其显著;闪电密度较大的地区主要在普宁市洪阳地区、大砰地区、揭东县五房地区和揭西县大北山地区,揭阳市区主要在渔湖半岛和仙桥紫峰山区,惠来县闪电密度相对较小,不过雷电流强度较大;雷电流强度大部分在60KA以下.闪电的分布规律与当地环境有很大的关系.     

2013年6月喀什地区一次强冰雹天气的成因分析

利用常规气象观测资料、ECMWF细网格资料、FY-2E卫星云图、喀什新一代多普勒雷达资料和新疆区域自动站气象观测资料,对2013年6月18日发生在新疆喀什地区境内的一次罕见的强冰雹天气从天气形势、中尺度系统、水汽条件、雷达回波特征等方面进行了综合分析。分析显示,此次冰雹天气是在有利的大尺度环流背景下产生的,冰雹出现前,雹区附近低层到地面存在中尺度切变线、涌线和地面中低压等多个中尺度系统;水汽在中低层集中,并不断向冰雹区输送;雹区附近强烈的辐合上升运动为冰雹的出现提供了水汽和动力条件;探空物理量参数有利于大气不稳定能量的聚积和爆发。分析此次强冰雹天气的成因,有利于改进南疆地区冰雹短时和临近预报、预警的基本思路。