优势面的水力学效应对新寨滑坡稳定性的影响分析

本文阐述了优势面的水力学效应的概念,并用SARMA法重点分析了它对新寨滑坡稳定系数的影响,分析得出了此滑坡发生的条件:hwhwo,与实际资料达到很好的吻合,具有重要的工程参考意义。     

大坪金矿石英标型特征及其找矿意义

元阳大坪金矿属含金石英脉型。石英的形态、微形貌、结构、化学成分及各种物性中赋有大量金矿化成因信息。对石英进行产状、化学成分、晶胞参数、红外光谱和包裹体的研究结果表明：成矿作用的五个阶段中，矿化强烈的Ⅲ、Ⅳ阶段石英的特征与其它阶段相比有明显区别：主成分中SiO2含量相对较低，杂质成分较高，包裹体数量多，晶胞参数较大。这些特征对寻找有价值的矿体极具指示作用。     

HYDRAULIC ANALYSES FOR A NEW BRIDGE OVER THE PARANA RIVER, ARGENTINA

1 INTRODUCTION The Parana River in South America ranks as the sixth largest in the world in terms of average discharge (22 x 103 m3/s according to Schumm and Winkley, 1994), and its Argentinean reach stretches from Puerto Iguazu on the north to the Rio de la Plata estuary in the south (Fig. 1). Its estimated average suspended load, bed load, and total load are 23 x 106, 2.2 x 106, and 25.2 x 106 metric tons per year, respectively (Paoli and Schreider, 2001.) The economic developmen…     

Deformation mechanisms and hydraulic properties of fault zones in unconsolidated sediments; the Roer Valley Rift System,The Netherlands

In general, faults cutting through the unconsolidated sediments of the Roer Valley Rift System (RVRS), The Netherlands, form strong barriers to horizontal groundwater flow. The relationships between deformation mechanisms along fault zones and their impact on the hydrogeological structure of the fault zone are analyzed in a shallow (0–5 m below land surface) trench over one of the faults in the study area. Recently developed digital-image-analysis techniques are used to estimate the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity at the millimeter-scale and to describe the micromorphologic characteristics of the fault zone. In addition, laboratory measurements of hydraulic conductivity on core-plug samples show the larger-scale distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the damage zone flanking the main fault plane. Particulate flow is the deformation mechanism at shallow depths, which causes the damage zone around the fault, in the sand-rich parts, to have a relatively enhanced hydraulic conductivity. The fault core is characterized by reduced hydraulic conductivity due to clay smearing, grain-scale mixing, and iron-oxide precipitation. Electronic Publication     

Characterization of the physical and hydraulic properties of the sediment in karst aquifers of the Springfield Plateau,Central Missouri,USA

Physical and hydraulic properties of sediment from two karst aquifers were measured to determine (1) the similarity of sediment between karst aquifer systems and (2) the importance of sediment in modeling flow through karst aquifers. The sediment from the two systems was similar in size and composition. Within both aquifers, the silt-sized sediment was composed primarily of quartz, with minor amounts of plagioclase and clays. Hydraulic conductivity of the sediment measured directly (falling-head test) ranged from 1.61×10⁻⁷ to 1.33×10⁻⁶ m s^–1 and estimated using the Campbell equation ranged from 8.30×10⁻⁸ to 8.98×10⁻⁷ m s^–1. These values of hydraulic conductivity fall within the span of hydraulic conductivities for carbonate rocks, indicating that the sediment and carbonate matrix could be represented as one mathematical unit in modeling flow through karst aquifers. Statistical agreement in the hydraulic conductivity values generated by the two methods indicates that the estimation technique could be used to calculate hydraulic conductivities; thus allowing karst scientist to collect bulk sediment samples instead of having to collect cores from within karst aquifers. Electronic Publication     

地震孕育过程中形变趋势变化形态的理论分析

利用流变介质包体模型理论中体应变解析解计算分析了孕震过程中不同观测点的形态异常特征，结果表明，硬包体产生的体应变具有明显的3阶段过程，软包体却只有2个阶段的特点，但它们的形态特征不仅都具有象限性与地区性，而且还随震中距的不同而不同。岩石实验结果也表明，观测点距破裂面的距离不同，其形态特征也不同。在理论分析与岩石实验结果一致的基础上，分析了张北地震与景泰地震前形变异常的形态特征，即具有明显的地区性与象限性；并且形态特征随震中距的变化而不同；变化幅度也随震中距的增大而减小。基于对形变异常形态特征的理解，提出了利用形态特征预测、判断发震地点及孕震状态的思路。     

近10年华北地壳水平运动的若干特征

根据近10年华北网高精度GPS复测资料、“中国地壳运动观测网络”GPS复测资料、山西断陷带的GPS资料等，分析了华北地区最近10年来地壳水平运动状态与演化，结果表明：①燕山构造带(张渤带)是华北地区水平应变最大的活动构造带，相邻块体的趋势性差异运动以燕山块体与华北平原块体之间为最大，约2mm／a(左旋)；②华北地区周边差异性水平运动最显著的特征为该区西界中北段(银川等活动构造带组成)呈右旋走滑活动，南段以压性活动状态为主，该区北界西段的阴山断陷带以拉张活动为主，其它各界带的差异活动均不太明显；③从整体上看，每个时段的结果均有所不同，这其中除了误差因素外，可能还包含着运动的非线性成分。与此同时，文中也给出了华北各个块体、边界带不同时段的相对运动和应变结果。     

阿尔金断裂系特征及其找矿前景

阿尔金断裂系由多条次级断裂组合而成,其中各种构造形态发育,在平面上呈雁列、分支复合状。最主要的两条大断裂分别是北缘和南缘断裂,北缘为逆冲断裂,南缘为走滑断裂。阿尔金主断裂控制了南北两个不同构造区的石棉、金、铅锌、铜、稀土、宝石等多种矿产资源,具有良好的找矿前景。     

藏南硅质岩地质地球化学特征及其成矿效应

西藏南部地区广泛发育中，新生代硅质岩，具有层状构造、纹理状构造、块状构造和角砾状等典型古热水沉积构造，其Al／(Al Fe Mn)比值、Co／Ni比值、Fe／Ti比值、氧同位素以及TiO2-Al2O3图解等地球化学特征显示为热水成因。藏南沉积硅质岩与锑、金多金属等矿化关系密切，成矿流体和热水流体有很强的相关性。