恩洪-老厂地区煤层气成藏条件研究

煤层气盆地、煤层气系统、煤层气区带的存在及发育程度是煤层气藏形成的充分与必要条件。恩洪盆地和老厂一圭山盆地老厂煤矿区具备了形成煤层气藏的条件。研究其形成煤层气藏的特定条件，总结其煤层气藏模式，是煤层气勘探目标评价的基础。     

辽西地区中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

辽西地区中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩的岩石共生组合为粗安岩粗面岩安山岩英安岩 ,属于高钾钙碱性钙碱性火山岩系 ,全岩Rb_Sr等时线年龄为 177.2± 2 8.0Ma。岩石总体上反映出高Al高Na特点 ,SiO2 ≥ 5 6 .99% ,Al2 O3 ≥ 15 .4 5 % ,Na2 O/K2 O≥ 1.35。稀土元素分馏明显 ,(La/Yb) N≥ 14 .80 ,(Ho/Yb) N≥ 1.15 ,贫Yb、Y(Yb≤ 1.4 2× 10 -6,Y≤ 15 .18× 10 -6) ,基本无Eu负异常 (0 .86～ 1.0 3) ,明显亏损Rb、Nb、Zr、Ti,而Sr、Ba、K及LREE富集 ,Rb/Sr值均小于 0 .1,地球化学特征与埃达克岩十分类似 ,属埃达克质岩。Sr、Pb和Nd同位素资料反映出这套火山岩的源岩较深 ,可能为古老的下地壳中基性变质岩部分熔融产物。研究表明 :海房沟组火山岩形成于板内环境 ,与太平洋板块俯冲没有直接关系 ;辽西地区中生代构造应力场的重大转换、广泛的岩浆活动和大规模断陷盆地群的形成与岩石圈拆沉作用密切相关。海房沟组埃达克质岩的确认对探讨辽西地区火山岩浆起源、壳幔相互作用及大陆动力学背景具有重要意义。     

辽宁北票发现一新的无尾两栖类

根据一具保存有皮肤印痕的完整骨骼化石，描述了采自辽宁北票黄半吉沟晚侏罗世—早白垩世义县组下部的一新的无尾两栖类，并确立其为一新属、新种—孟氏大连蟾(Dalianbatrachus mengigen．et．sp．nov．)。该化石以其尾杆骨较长，超过荐前椎的总长度，胫腓骨与股骨等长和跗节长小于胫腓骨长的一半而区别于其它两栖类。     

西天山艾肯达坂组火山岩系同位素定年及其构造意义

西天山艾肯达坂地区较好发育了艾肯达坂纽红色陆相火山岩建造．它不整合在下石炭统大哈拉军山组之上,未经变形和变质，属于陆陆碰撞晚期的橄榄安粗岩系，其年龄确定是厘定从碰撞造山向陆内构造演化的关键。因此,通过16件新获得的钾氩年龄测值，确定艾肯达坂组火山岩系形成在260Ma～270Ma之间，属早二叠世，而不是过去认为的石炭纪；西天山的陆陆碰撞应在二叠纪末结束,此后进入陆内造山阶段。     

百色盆地东部坳陷百岗组沉积特征与两侧构造活动的不同步性

通过详细研究百岗组沉积相发育特征，将三角洲进行不同类型划分，认为百色盆地东部坳陷的南北两侧分别发育两套不同的沉积体系。沉积响应完整地记录了构造活动情况，在百岗早中期，盆地南部构造抬升强烈，北部构造相对稳定，三角．洲强烈向北西方向进积：百岗晚期，南部构造活动相对稳定，北部构造发生了强烈抬升。南部三角洲在百岗期表现为“发育-发展-稳定-萎缩”的一个完整的演化旋回特点，而北部扇三角洲则体现为“稳定-进积”的过程。整个盆地构造活动在百岗期表现出了两侧构造运动明显的不同步性。     

栖霞组沉积地球化学特征及其环境意义

沉积环境的古氧相特征是沉积环境和古海洋特征恢复的重要内容。岩石地球化学特征是判断其形成环境氧化还原条件的重要手段之一。本文以来宾地区铁桥面为重点．通过对栖霞组灰岩的地球化学分析，结合沉积学、古生态学特征．认为栖霞组沉积于贫氧的沉{只背景．是在海水深度和海域的局限程度等沉积条件发生周期性变化的情况下形成的。古氧相地球化学指标V(V十Ni)、Cc/La、U／Th值都适用于该组以钙质沉积为主的沉积物。黄铁矿矿化程度(DOP值)变。化较大．眨映该区多变的古氧相特征。     

豫西济源谭庄组河流沉积中的Stipsellus遗迹组构

豫西济源盆地上三叠统谭庄组下段为曲流河沉积。本文通过描述和分析谭庄组河流沉积特征，划分了4种不同河流沉积组合类型，识别出Stipsellus遗迹组构，并发现该遗迹组构常与曲流河沉积物伴生，可作为此类沉积的典型生物遗迹标志。其中，Stipsellus sp．A代表发育在河漫滩较浅水体下或潮湿的软底细粒沉积物中的一种遗迹组构类型；Stipsellus sp．B则代表发育在曲流砂坝上部的男一种遗迹组构类型。     

Beds comprising debrite sandwiched within co-genetic turbidite: origin and widespread occurrence in distal depositional environments

Co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds occur in a variety of modern and ancient turbidite systems. Their basic character is distinctive. An ungraded muddy sandstone interval is encased within mud‐poor graded sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The muddy sandstone interval preserves evidence of en masse deposition and is thus termed a debrite. The mud‐poor sandstone, siltstone and mudstone show features indicating progressive layer‐by‐layer deposition and are thus called a turbidite. Palaeocurrent indicators, ubiquitous stratigraphic association and the position of hemipelagic intervals demonstrate that debrite and enclosing turbidite originate in the same event. Detailed field observations are presented for co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds in three widespread sequences of variable age: the Miocene Marnoso Arenacea Formation in the Italian Apennines; the Silurian Aberystwyth Grits in Wales; and Quaternary deposits of the Agadir Basin, offshore Morocco. Deposition of these sequences occurred in similar unchannellized basin‐plain settings. Co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds were deposited from longitudinally segregated flow events, comprising both debris flow and forerunning turbidity current. It is most likely that the debris flow was generated by relatively shallow (few tens of centimetres) erosion of mud‐rich sea‐floor sediment. Changes in the settling behaviour of sand grains from a muddy fluid as flows decelerated may also have contributed to debrite deposition. The association with distal settings results from the ubiquitous presence of muddy deposits in such locations, which may be eroded and disaggregated to form a cohesive debris flow. Debrite intervals may be extensive (> 26 × 10 km in the Marnoso Arenacea Formation) and are not restricted to basin margins. Such long debris flow run‐out on low‐gradient sea floor (< 0·1°) may simply be due to low yield strength (? 50 Pa) of the debris–water mixture. This study emphasizes that multiple flow types, and transformations between flow types, can occur within the distal parts of submarine flow events.     

Sedimentology and palynology of the Calafate Formation (Maastrichtian), Austral Basin, Southern Patagonia, Argentina

The Calafate Formation crops out in south-western Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and displays a stacking of asymmetrical coarsening–fining-upward cycles. These cycles are interpreted as the product of short-lived transgressive-regressive events in which the coarsening upward part represents sedimentary aggradation with a stable or decreasing sea level. Sedimentological and palynological analyses indicate nearshore marine conditions. Even though the existence of an estuary or incised valley cannot be determined, this is the most probable palaeogeographic model. Based on dinoflagellate cysts, the base of the section is considered to be not older than Maastrichtian. The presence of the oyster Ambigostrea clarae (Ihering) occurring together with the dinoflagellate cyst species Manumiella druggii (Stover) Bujak and Davies and Eisenackia circumtabulata Drugg in the middle part of the section indicates an age no older than late Maastrichtian. According to sedimentological data, deposits representing the Cretaceous–Palaeogene transition would have been eroded, which is confirmed by the presence of Grapnelispora loncochensis Papú. This megaspore is a consistent component of the Maastrichtian assemblages from Patagonia.