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31.
船舶机舱自动集中监测报警系统结构与功能分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
船舶机舱集中监测与报警系统目前已在船舶设计制造中得以广泛应用。对其组成、工作流程及功能进行了较为系统的阐述 ,为船舶使用者提供借鉴 相似文献
32.
水下自航式海洋观测平台技术发展研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
水下自航式海洋观测平台是一种新型海洋观测平台,主要用于无人、大范围、长时间水下环境监测,包括物理学参数、海洋地质学和地球物理学参数,海洋化学参数、海洋生物学参数及海洋工程方面的现场接近观测。其特点是:成本低,环境适应性强,可冲破人工潜水极限而进入现场进行接近观测,免除了ROV需要水面支援母船的累赘,减少作业经费,体积小,使用方便,便于布放回收;可根据水声信号摇控或预置程序控制,按要求进行相关项目观测;有自主动力,水下运行时间相对较长,有源噪声低,可进行隐弊观测,正是基于以上的优点,近几年颇得海洋环境监测和海军方面的青睐,本文介绍了国际上水下自动观测平台的发展历史和现状,提出了我国开展研究水下自动观测平台的重要性及研究的面容。 相似文献
33.
34.
The accuracy of the manufacturer’s fall-rate equation for the T-5 Model of expendable bathythermograph (XBT) has been investigated based on about 300 collocated pairs of XBT-CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler) measurements in various climatological regions. We found that the equation systematically overestimates depth by about 5% for the T-5 produced by Tsurumi Seiki, Co. Ltd. (TSK), but almost no bias is associated with the T-5 produced by Sippican, Inc., in USA. The cause of this difference is not clear, because the two manufacturers’ T-5 probes are reported to have identical shape and weight in water. We propose a new fall-rate equation for the TSK T-5: z(t) = 6.54071t - 0.0018691t
2, where z(t) is depth in meters at time, t, in seconds. 相似文献
35.
AbstractWith the large-scale development and utilization of ocean resources and space, it is inevitable to encounter existing submarine facilities in pile driving areas, which necessitates a safety assessment. In this article, by referring to a wharf renovation project as a reference, the surrounding soil response and buried pipe deformation during pile driving in a near-shore submarine environment are investigated by three-dimensional (3D) numerical models that consider the pore water effect. Numerical studies are carried out in two different series: one is a case of a single pile focusing on the effect of the minimum plane distance of the pile–pipe, and the other is a case of double piles focusing on the effect of the pile spacing. 相似文献
36.
Hideo Kawai 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(2):235-246
At present, the barotropic buoyant stability parameter has been derived from a vertical virtual displacement of a water parcel. The barotropic inertial stability parameter in the eccentrically cyclogeostrophic, basic current field was derived in 2003 from a horizontal cross-stream virtual displacement of a parcel. By expressing acceleration of a parcel due to a virtual displacement, which is arbitrarily sloping within a vertical section across the basic current, in terms of natural coordinates, we derived the vertical component of baroclinic buoyant stability parameter B
2
2, the horizontal component of baroclinic inertial stability parameter I
2
2, the baroclinic joint stability parameter J
2, its buoyant component B
2 and its inertial component I
2. B
2 is far greater than I
2
2, and when neglecting relative vorticity except for vertical shear, a downward convex curve of J
2 plotted against the slope of a virtual displacement follows a trend of B
2 curve. If a parcel displaces along a horizontal surface or an isopycnal surface, however, B
2 vanishes, and J
2 becomes equal to I
2. Actual parcel is apt to displace not only along the bottom slope, but also along the sea surface and an isopycnal interfacial surface, which is approximately equivalent to an isentropic surface, preferred by lateral mixing and exchange of momentum. Such actual displacement makes B
2 vanishing, and grants I
2 an important role. The present analysis of I
2 examining effects due to curvature and horizontal and vertical shear vorticities are useful in deepening our understanding of baroclinic instability in actual oceanic streams. 相似文献
37.
38.
The accuracy of temperature measurement by the expendable bathythermograph (XBT) is examined for five types of recorders by
comparison with co-located CTD measurements and statistical analysis of temperature profiles including an isothermal layer.
A positive temperature error increasing downward is occasionally detected for two types of Japanese recorder which have been
commonly used among Japanese oceanographic institutions and marine observatories. This error resembles to that reported by
Bailey et al. (1989) and Wright (1991) for a different type of recorders, although its cause is not clearly understood. The irregular
occurrence of the error suggests that the problem is not solely due to the recorders but rather by some inconsistency of the
whole measuring system including them, an XBT probe and sea water. The error is estimated to increase at a rate of O (0.1°C/100 m), and it could be close to 1°C at the deepest part of the profiles (760 m for Tsurumi T-7).
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
39.
本文是根据南极“八五”国家攻关课题中的“南极海冰监测和预报”的考核目标,实现为南极考察船在 冰区中航行提供精确和清晰的冰图和预报。 相似文献
40.
Frederick T. Short Evamaria W. Koch Joel C. Creed Karine M. Magalhães Eric Fernandez & Jeffrey L. Gaeckle 《Marine Ecology》2006,27(4):277-289
Seagrasses are an important coastal habitat worldwide and are indicative of environmental health at the critical land–sea interface. In many parts of the world, seagrasses are not well known, although they provide crucial functions and values to the world's oceans and to human populations dwelling along the coast. Established in 2001, SeagrassNet, a monitoring program for seagrasses worldwide, uses a standardized protocol for detecting change in seagrass habitat to capture both seagrass parameters and environmental variables. SeagrassNet is designed to statistically detect change over a relatively short time frame (1–2 years) through quarterly monitoring of permanent plots. Currently, SeagrassNet operates in 18 countries at 48 sites; at each site, a permanent transect is established and a team of people from the area collects data which is sent to the SeagrassNet database for analysis. We present five case studies based on SeagrassNet data from across the Americas (two sites in the USA, one in Belize, and two in Brazil) which have a common theme of seagrass decline; the study represents a first latitudinal comparison across a hemisphere using a common methodology. In two cases, rapid loss of seagrass was related to eutrophication, in two cases losses related to climate change, and in one case, the loss is attributed to a complex trophic interaction resulting from the presence of a marine protected area. SeagrassNet results provide documentation of seagrass change over time and allow us to make scientifically supported statements about the status of seagrass habitat and the extent of need for management action. 相似文献