云南地区地震动衰减特性的研究

根据发生在云南地区震级大于3.0级的地震资料,采用最小二乘法对该地区的峰值加速度、加速度反应谱、峰值速度、峰值位移、均方根加速度等多个地震动参数进行回归分析。结果表明,该地区的地震动衰减关系的形态与前人的研究基本一致,但水平向差异较大;长周期部分的离散性较大,需进一步收集资料进行研究。     

地下结构抗震计算地基弹簧系数取值方法研究

荷载-结构模型是地下结构抗震计算中常采用的模型,模型中地基弹簧系数的确定是关键。为了简便、可靠地计算地基弹簧系数,在已有基床系数计算公式的基础上,建立了地基弹簧系数的经验计算公式,以有限元分析结果为数据基础,对公式的系数进行拟合,将公式拓展用于成层土体。选取算例验证了建议公式的合理性和准确性,分别采用建议公式、日本抗震准则公式以及有限元法计算了某地铁区间站结构的地基弹簧系数,并对在此基础上计算所得的地震作用下结构的内力进行了对比分析。     

日本9.0级地震前后华北形变场变化特征与地震趋势分析

本文分析了华北主要断裂带基于2011年日本9.0级地震同震位移场的应变变化, 结合华北地区近几年形变异常分析日本9.0级地震前后华北地区形变场的变化特征, 分析了日本9.0级地震对华北地区的影响以及未来值得关注的地区。 日本9.0级地震的发生使得华北地区EW向主压应变有所释放, 不同地区的同震响应存在差异, 部分趋势性变化在日本9.0级地震后有所恢复, 目前郯庐带中南段及附近区域的挤压应变背景和断层活动水平增强值得关注。     

唐山老震区地震活动特征

整理校正唐山长时间地震序列数据,用基于时空ETAS模型的随机除丛法,分析1976年唐山长时间地震序列的活动特点,发现唐山老震区1992年后进入余震活动的晚期阶段,目前地震活动未完全恢复到背景地震的水平。用频度和应变能两种不同的异常指标分析唐山老震区作为“余震窗口”对中强震的指示意义,发现唐山余震窗口的早期阶段（1980-1986年）,频次作异常指标映震效果较好,晚期阶段（1992-2010年）,应变能作为异常指标映震效果更好。     

湖北省三峡库区秭归县头道河Ⅱ号滑坡特征及稳定性评价

针对湖北省三峡库区秭归县头道河Ⅱ号滑坡现状条件下的明显变形迹象,本文对该滑坡进行了综合的分析和研究,详细介绍了该滑坡的地质背景及滑坡特征。采用剩余推理法,对滑坡体在各种不同工况下的稳定性作了科学分析,并对滑坡体在三峡水库蓄水以后的稳定性作了合理评价。结果表明,滑坡体在目前状态下基本稳定,三峡水库蓄水以后,将对滑坡体稳定性产生较大影响,极有可能导致滑坡体失稳,据此结合工程实际提出了一些可行的防治措施及建议。     

青海地区钻孔应变干扰及异常分析

简要叙述了青海地区6个钻孔应变台站的观测概况,通过分析,认为主要存在观测技术系统和观测环境变化这两类干扰。在排除各类干扰后,发现只有乐都台和湟源台在汶川地震前出现了前兆异常。     

Soil Seed Banks and Forest Succession Direction Reflect Soil Quality in Ziwuling Mountain,Loess Plateau,China

The paper presents a study by taking the soil seed banks and vegetation successions of the forests in Ziwuling Mountain as indicators to analyze the effects of the ages, and the litter layers and soil depths at growing locations in seven types of forest communities on their seed bank formations and soil quality. The results showed that the seed banks at different growing locations in the communities increased in the order of upper slope, middle slope, and lower slope; the seed storages of the seed banks in the different layers of the communities varied, much more higher in the litter layers than in 0–15 cm, and the seed storages of the seed banks in the seven types of forest communities ranked in the increasing order of Pinus tabulaeformis forest, Pinus shenkaneusis forest, Quercus liaotungensis forest, Populus davidiana forest, Betula platyphylla forest, scrub communities, and grassland communities; in the meantime, the seed storage of seed banks peaked in 30–50 years old P. shenkaneusis forest, 30–40 years old P. tabulaeformis forest, 15–30 years old Q. liaotungensis, and P. davidiana and B. platyphylla forests, and 10–15 years old scrub and grassland communities, and the ages of the communities varied with the seed storages of the seed banks in a significantly correlative manner following a fitted exponential equation. In addition, the soil seed banks of the seven types of communities consisted of rich and diverse species with the herbaceous and shrub species greatly outnumbering the arbor species; in general, the coniferous forests were composed of 31 kinds of plants, the deciduous and broadleaf forests consisted of 20–29 plant species, the shrubs contained 27 plant species, and the herbaceous plants numbered 20 plant species; The various species compositions contained only 4–6 arbor species with most being foreign species. In each of the compositions, Bothriochloa ischemum was the grassland plant with the highest occurrence frequency, Sophora viciifolia and Hippophae reamnoides were the shrub plants with the highest occurrence frequencies, and Q. liaotungensis was the arbor plant with the highest occurrence frequency, and they followed by P. shenkaneusis and P. tabulaeformis. These results showed that soil seed banks and forest successions are better indicators for soil quality from natural successions.     

大兴安岭地区三叠系划分与对比

厘定后的大兴安岭中南部地区老龙头组以红杂色沉积岩为主,夹或不夹中酸性火山岩层,含早三叠世Calamospora-Lundbladispora-Alisporites和Verrucosisporites-Lundbladispora-Chordasporites孢粉组合,Huanghestheria-Cornia-Palaeolimnadia叶肢介组合以及Darwinula triassiana-D. rotundata介形类组合.大兴安岭中北部地区以安山岩为主的哈达陶勒盖组整合在老龙头组之上,据此将该区下三叠统自下而上分为老龙头组和哈达陶勒盖组.原下侏罗统或上三叠统-下侏罗统东宫组自下而上分为一段和二段,根据一段同位素平均年龄为208.97 Ma（K-Ar法）,并被二段（相当于下侏罗统查伊河组）平行不整合覆盖,将第一段单独划为东宫组,时代属于晚三叠世.     

A review of EU bio-economic models for fisheries: The value of a diversity of models

The lessons learned from a review of thirteen existing European bio-economic models used in the evaluation of EU policies are presented. How these models compare and differ in terms of their biological and economic components, the integration between the components, which indicators are selected and how they are used, are described and analysed. The article concludes that the multitude of construction differences reflects the necessity of adapting the modelling approach to answer different questions. Since real life questions in fisheries are so diverse, answering them requires a diversity of models.