Volcanoes of the Tibesti massif (Chad,northern Africa)

The Tibesti massif, one of the most prominent features of the Sahara desert, covers an area of some 100,000 km². Though largely absent from scientific inquiry for several decades, it is one of the world’s major volcanic provinces, and a key example of continental hot spot volcanism. The intense activity of the TVP began as early as the Oligocene, though the major products that mark its surface date from Lower Miocene to Quaternary (Furon (Geology of Africa. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh (trans 1963, orig French 1960), pp 1–377, 1963)); Gourgaud and Vincent (J Volcanol Geotherm Res 129:261–290, 2004). We present here a new and consistent analysis of each of the main components of the Tibesti Volcanic Province (TVP), based on examination of multispectral imagery and digital elevation data acquired from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). Our synthesis of these individual surveys shows that the TVP is made up of several shield volcanoes (up to 80 km diameter) with large-scale calderas, extensive lava plateaux and flow fields, widespread tephra deposits, and a highly varied structural relief. We compare morphometric characteristics of the major TVP structures with other hot spot volcanoes (the Hawaiian Islands, the Galápagos Islands, the Canary and Cape Verdes archipelagos, Jebel Marra (western Sudan), and Martian volcanoes), and consider the implications of differing tectonic setting (continental versus oceanic), the thickness and velocity of the lithosphere, the relative sizes of main volcanic features (e.g. summit calderas, steep slopes at summit regions), and the extent and diversity of volcanic features. These comparisons reveal morphologic similarities between volcanism in the Tibesti, the Galápagos, and Western Sudan but also some distinct features of the TVP. Additionally, we find that a relatively haphazard spatial development of the TVP has occurred, with volcanism initially appearing in the Central TVP and subsequently migrating to both the Eastern and Western TVP regions. Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

我国春玉米水分供需状况分析

论述了作物需水量的概念及其计算方法，利用最新的气候和作物资料，计算了我国春玉米的作物需水量，分析其时空分布特征，并利用水发订正系来评价春玉米需水量的满足程度。计算分析结果表明，气候条件对我国在玉米生产是有利的，但在播种期、出苗期及拔节期（4－6月份），存在明显的水亏缺现象，这一时期应采取相应的栽培技术及节水灌溉、人工增雨等措施来缓解旱情。     

云南春季强低温的诊断分析

运用北半球500hPa格点资料，分析了3月倒春寒天气发生的同期、前期500hPa环流特征。云南春季倒春寒天气的发生与同期500hPa上乌拉尔山脊的建立、新西伯利亚附近横槽转竖有关，孟加拉湾南支槽的影响使倒春寒天气更易发生。     

陇南伏期旱涝指数及预测模型

从陇南气候规律及农业生产实际出发，制定出客观定量衡量陇南伏期旱涝特征的旱涝指数，并利用1967－1996年旱涝指数，用EOF对陇南伏期旱涝进行分片，分析其时空分布特征，建立各片伏期旱涝均生函数预测模型，通过应用，预报准确率有较大提高。     

巴州春季气温趋势分类及预报

提出一种对春季气温趋势分类的方法，用чeσbцшeB多项式和EOF展开方法，求出一组系数，并根据这些系数把春季气温趋势分为5类，用上述方法明确地描述春季气温趋势的特征，更进一步从冬季500hPa平均图中选取预报因子，对春季气温趋势作出预测。     

延庆松山泉水汞的映震特征研究

在对延庆松山泉水汞观测资料进行清理和总结的基础上，对该泉水汞的映震能力进行了评价和研究，研究结果表明，该泉水汞异常与地震的对应率较高，1997年以来，其异常对于测点附近发生的有感地震及中小地震和距测点较远范围内发生的5级以上地震有很高的对应率，根据地质构造的活动特征对该泉水贡映震灵敏的原因进行了初步探讨。     

无谋干热河谷按树人工林生物量初步研究

干热河谷人工林生长缓慢，林分结构简单，群落生物量较低。地面物质组成和地表侵蚀状况是影响干热河谷林木群落生物量的主要立地因素之一，土壤入渗能力强的石质山地有利于高大乔木的生长，桉树人工林生物量高，而侵蚀严重的泥质山地则相反，不利于高大乔木的生长，桉树人工林生物量低。     

The response of ostracod shell chemistry to seasonal change in a Mediterranean freshwater spring environment

We established the relationships between water chemistry changes in a pool fed by a permanent spring and seasonal variations in trace-element contents (Sr & Mg) in the shells of the ostracod species Herpetocypris intermedia, based on monthly collections of ostracod and water samples. The water chemistry of the investigated pool (Maïques, Valëncia, Spain) was dominated by calcium and bicarbonate, and showed marked seasonal variation in alkalinity, Ca²⁺ content, Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios. Although the variability in the water chemistry was relatively low (~10% relative standard deviation over the entire period), the trace-element contents in the ostracod shells tracked the seasonal change in the water chemistry of Maïques pool. Moreover, due to the rapid renewal of H. intermedia population, this species is able torecord in its shells the evolution of the water chemistry at a monthly time scale. Our results also showed that, in the Maïques pool system, ostracod Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios increased with the decrease in water salinity.To our knowledge, this is the first geochemical study of ostracods dwelling in spring environments. The results of this study may be applied to paleohydrological reconstruction using ostracods preserved in sediments deposited around springs (i.e. travertine and tufa deposits).     

临汾龙子祠泉岩溶水系统水文地质特征及开发利用前景

在讨论了龙子祠泉岩溶水系统岩叶下水水文地质特征的基础上，岩溶地下水对开发利用前景进行了初步探讨。     

攀西地区红格层状岩体的地球化学特征

红格岩体赋存有大型钒钛磁铁矿床，在橄辉岩相带和辉石岩相带底部有铂族元素（PEG）的矿化，是攀西层状岩体中重要的岩体之一，系统分析了红格层状岩体不同岩相带的微量元素和稀土元素特征，探讨了岩浆的结晶分异演化过程，提出岩体主体上是由一个岩浆房经正常的结晶分异形成的，底层的硫化物富集带和中上层位的钒钛磁铁矿是岩浆结晶分异产生的堆积相，并非是岩浆多次脉动式补给的结果。