Geography Current

Abstract

Broadening the intercultural awareness and international outlook of undergraduate students is best achieved through active rather than passive learning. The international student interview provides an excellent strategy for such active learning in introductory human geography classes. It allows American-born students to enter into a dialogue with students from other countries and learn about their cultures while simultaneously reexamining their own society and cultural frames of reference. The exercise also provides instructors with an opportunity to discuss the ethics and social practices associated with interviewing. Feedback from University of Georgia students completing this assignment underscored these benefits and provided suggestions for refinement of the exercise.     

培养条件对破囊壶菌生长及其产DHA的影响

探讨了培养温度、pH、光照、种龄、接种量以及培养时间等培养条件对破囊壶菌ThraustochytriumroseumMF2生长及其产DHA的影响。结果表明 ,T roseumMF2生长及其产DHA的适宜条件为 :培养温度 2 5℃、初始pH值 6～ 7、种龄 4 8h、接种量 4 %、培养时间 4d ,生物量达到 1 0 4g L ,DHA产量达到1 2 6 6mg L。     

基于扩展CA的文化传播时空模拟研究

文化传播影响因素复杂，具有空间上的相邻、不相邻、选择、随机等扩散形式和时间上的遗传特征，其时空模拟必须借助复杂系统研究方法。元胞自动机模型（CA）与GIS集成在地理过程模拟方面具有很大的优势。文中在分析元胞空间关系和元胞邻居描述的基础上，提出元胞邻居存在几何间上的邻接形式和空间上不邻接但属性上相关的邻居形式。据此，通过对文化革新扩散的实质、空间形式、影响因素等分析，对立了基于邻居扩展CA的文化传播系统模型，并利用该模型对文化传播现象进行了实验研究，取得了比较满意的实验结果。     

"三驾马车"拉动邯郸旅游发展--邯郸市旅游发展战略调整研究

邯郸具有光辉灿烂的历史文化、适宜的气候与自然社会环境。遵循“一方景观吸引一方游人”的理念，应该挖掘更多旅游资源，在深度与力度上进行系统调整。必须冲破以往“赵文化”朦胧圈的羁绊，扭转主次颠倒的开发，改变现代城市园林化倾向，以“赵文化”为龙头组成系列开发产品，搞好综合性服务建设。该文提出“三驾马车”（赵王城—中华典故之都、山地生态旅游与红色旅游三大系统工程）拉动邯郸旅游发展的思路，指出邯郸市旅游开发存在的主要问题。     

上海青浦福泉山遗址出土石器的岩石类型与特征

青浦县福泉山古文化遗址,经本市考古工作者的多年发掘,从崧泽文化与良渚文化墓葬群中出土了一批石制生产工具和礼器,其中包括斧、钺、(石奔)、凿,矢、刀、铲、镰刀、三角形大刀、锥形器及砺石(磨刀石)等共计10余种。这批工具主要由变质岩类与岩浆岩类岩石磨制而成。选用石料质地坚硬,加工精美,说明5000年前的上海先民,已具有颇高的智慧与创造力。     

Environmental changes and the Migration Period in northern Germany as reflected in the sediments of Lake Dudinghausen

Paleolimnological techniques were used to identify environmental changes in and around Lake Dudinghausen (northern Germany) over the past 4800 yr. Diatom-inferred total phosphorus (DI-TP) changes identify four phases of high nutrient levels (2600-2200 BC, 1050-700 BC, 500 BC-AD 100 and AD 1850-1970). During these high DI-TP phases, fossil pollen, sediment geochemistry and archaeological records indicate human activities in the lake catchment. Although the same paleo-indicators suggest increased human settlement and agriculture activity during the late Slavonic Age, the Medieval Time and the Modern Time (AD 1000-1850), DI-TP levels were low during this period. In the sediments, iron and total phosphorus were high from ∼AD 100 to 1850, likely due to increased inflow of iron-rich groundwater into the lake. Increased iron input would have lead to a simultaneous binding and precipitation of phosphate in the upper sediment and overlying water column. As a result, anthropogenic impact on Lake Dudinghausen was masked by these phosphorus-controlling processes from AD 1000 to 1850 and was not evident by means of DI-TP. In accordance with fossil pollen, sediment geochemistry and limited archaeological records, DI-TP levels were low from AD 100-1000. Groundwater levels likely rose during this period as the climate gradually changed toward colder and/or moister conditions. Such climate change likely led to reduced settlement activities and forest regeneration in the catchment area. Our results are concordant with similar studies from central Europe which indicate rapid decreasing settlement activities from AD 100 to 1000.     

山东日照两城镇龙山文化(4600~4000aB.P.)遗址出土木材的古气候意义

通过分析考古遗址中出土木材样品的树种,能够获得龙山文化前时期区域气候与植被环境的信息。文章采用体视显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,对山东日照两城镇遗址出土的部分木材样品进行树种鉴定。分析与研究的结果表明:龙山文化前期,两城镇聚落周围生长着麻栎、辽东桤木、杜梨和刚竹等树种,反映了比现在温暖湿润的气候状况,龙山文化的繁荣发展,可能与这种适宜的气候环境有关。研究结果还标志着,在我国东部地区,利用考古遗址中出土的木材等植物遗存,研究全新世时期高分辨率的气候演化过程及其与人类文化的关系,具有广泛的学术前景。     

Intellectuals and geopolitics: The ‘cultural politicians’ of Central Europe

This paper investigates the role of intellectuals in the production of geopolitical discourses. It analyzes how the cultural capital of humanist credentials and artistic aura functions to authenticate and legitimate geopolitical claims. Drawing empirically from Central Europe and especially Estonia, I argue that intellectuals are central to the production of a particular ‘cultural’ concept of geopolitics - the notion that foreign policy expresses the state’s and the nation’s identity. As cultural capital gives intellectuals a special license to speak about culture, it constitutes an essential component in geopolitical discourses in Central Europe.The paper contributes to Europeanist geography by clarifying the mechanisms through which Central Europe is cast externally and internally as a place particularly imbued with culture and identity - a place whose integration with the EU and NATO represents its cultural ‘return’ to Europe. It takes us beyond the romanticized notion of intellectuals - especially the formerly dissident ones - as ‘speaking truth to power’, and offers a more subtle account of their role as producers of power discourses.Beyond Central Europe, the paper underscores the political and cultural milieu of geopolitical claims and the specific structures of legitimacy through which these claims are justified and normalized. A nuanced understanding of the role of ‘culture’ in geopolitical discourses requires that we closely examine the cultural and moral capital of intellectuals. This would also enable us to better delineate human agency in the production of geopolitics.     

Ethical consumption: Uncovering personal meanings and negotiation strategies

The purpose of this paper is to examine how individuals define ethical consumption (EC) and then how they negotiate ethical consumption as they move from one country to another. The authors explore these questions by reporting on and interpreting the evolution of their understanding of EC and their own ethical consumption behavior, the EC practices that have endured over time and national contexts, the tensions they encountered in maintaining EC practices in these transitions and the adaptive strategies they used to manage those tensions. While there has been research on the tensions faced by individuals practicing EC, there has been a paucity of research investigating those tensions from a cross-country and longitudinal perspective. Moreover, although several studies have focused on EC purchase practices of specific goods (e.g., athletic shoes, fair-trade commodities), none has considered this question in the context of purchases of basic needs categories – food, water, energy, transportation and housing. Each of the three authors has been able to maintain his or her own personal consumption ethic in spite of living in different countries. Whenever consumption practices emanate from, and are imbedded within, a strong ethical framework of values that informs EC, each was able to make the necessary adjustments to overcome the obstacles and points of resistance across countries. Even in those situations involving considerable inconvenience and discomfort, each used adaptive strategies that allowed retention of their consumption practices. Among those strategies employed by the authors were choice of community in which to live, self-regulation and self-reliance.     

A New Medium Free of Organic Carbon To Cultivate Organisms from Extremely Acidic Mining Lakes (pH 2.7)

An algal culture medium was developed which reflects the extreme chemical conditions of acidic mining lakes (pH 2.7, high concentrations of iron and sulfate) and remains stable without addition of organic carbon sources. It enables controlled experiments e.g. on the heterotrophic potential of pigmented flagellates in the laboratory. Various plankton organisms isolated from acidic lakes were successfully cultivated in this medium. The growth rates of a Chlamydomonas isolate from acidic mining lakes were assessed by measuring cell densities under pure autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions (with glucose as organic C‐source) and showed values of 0.74 and 0.40, respectively.