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41.
Long-term variability in the intermediate layer of the eastern Japan Basin has been investigated to understand the variability
of water mass formation in the East Sea. The simultaneous decrease of temperature at shallower depths and oxygen increasing
at deeper depths in the intermediate layer took place in the late 1960’s and the mid-1980’s. Records of winter sea surface
temperatures and air temperatures showed that there were cold winters that persisted for several years during those periods.
Therefore, it was assumed that a large amount of newly-formed water was supplied to the intermediate layer during those cold
winters. Close analysis suggests that the formation of the Upper Portion of Proper Water occurred in the late 1960’s and the
Central Water in the mid-1980’s. 相似文献
42.
A comprehensive numerical study on the three-dimensional structure of a turbulent jet in crossflow is performed. The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio (R) varies in the range of 2 - 16; both vertical jets and inclined jets without excess streamwise momentum are considered. The numerical results of the Standard two-equation k-ε model show that the turbulent structure can be broadly categorised according to the jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio. For strong to moderate jet discharges, i.e. R> 4, the jet is characterized by a longitudinal transition through a bent-over phase during which the jet becomes almost parallel with the main freestream, to a sectional vortex-pair flow with double concentration maxima; the computed flow details and scalar mixing characteristics can be described by self-similar relations beyond a dimensionless distance of around 20-60. The similarity coefficients are only weakly dependent on R. The cross-section scalar field is kidney-shaped and bifurcated, vvith distinct double concentr 相似文献
43.
The added mass of hull section shapes must be known, in order to carry out any studies of ship motions, which may be associated with either seakeeping or manoeuvring. Determination of the added mass in deep water can involve conformal mapping or surface singularity distributions. However, in shallow water the problem of determining the added mass is made more difficult by the proximity of the seabed. In this paper, three approaches to the problem of finding the added mass of semi-circular sections are explored. Although there is no known exact solution to this problem, the relationships given by the three methods are compared and the approximate nature of the solutions is examined. The first method is a series solution, which is taken here to include more terms than are normally given in the existing literature. The other two solutions are considered to be new, and so are given in some mathematical detail. 相似文献
44.
45.
隧道围岩强度不均地段塌方成因及其处理方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于地质构造作用以及风化作用,工程场地岩体中多存在围岩强度不均地段.在隧道施工过程中就经常遇到软硬岩石交汇而形成的地质条件复杂地段;给隧道的施工带来了很多不利情况,并且也是导致隧道塌方的原因之一.2006年1月,承德韩郭线二级公路工程,喇嘛梁隧道软硬岩石交汇地段由于地下水作用导致围岩风化程度不均,产生软弱结构面并造成了大面积塌方.基于现场的追踪调查与考察,本文详细描述了利用拱顶架设工字钢梁并配合超前注浆小导管的支护方法来处理这类围岩. 相似文献
46.
节理岩体卸荷强度特性的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
卸荷状态工程岩体的强度特性与传统的加载岩体有本质的区别。目前对于岩石卸荷强度特性的研究比较多见,但对于含节理的岩体在卸荷应力状态下的强度特性,尤其是节理面对其强度的影响研究实属少见。本文通过岩体三轴模拟试验研究了卸荷应力状态下节理岩体的破坏特征,突出考虑了节理面性质对卸荷强度的影响,在此基础上提出了节理岩体卸荷强度准则的一般表达式并进行了对比验证。 相似文献
47.
Martin Rosner Michael Wiedenbeck Thomas Ludwig 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):27-38
An analytical artefact is reported here related to differences in instrumental mass fractionation between NIST SRM glasses and natural geological glasses during SIMS boron isotope determinations. The data presented demonstrated an average 3.4‰ difference between the NIST glasses and natural basaltic to rhyolitic glasses mainly in terms of their sputtering-induced fractionation of boron isotopes. As no matrix effect was found among basaltic to rhyolitic glasses, instrumental mass fractionation of most natural glass samples can be corrected by using appropriate glass reference materials. In order to confirm the existence of the compositionally induced variations in boron SIMS instrumental mass bias, the observed offset in SIMS instrumental mass bias has been independently reproduced in two laboratories and the phenomenon has been found to be stable over a period of more than one year. This study highlights the need for a close match between the chemical composition of the reference material and the samples being investigated. 相似文献
48.
Zhanhong LIU Sitian LI Renchen XIN Changgui XU Jianchun CHENG 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(1):73-82
Bohaiwan basin, covering an area of 200 000 km2, is one of the most important oil-bearing basins in Eastern China. Rifting processes formed the basin, and two evolution
phases can be recognized. The rifting phase developed in Paleogene, and post-rifting phase occurred in Neogene. More than
200 oil fields have been found in the onshore and offshore area in Bohaiwan basin in recent years. The distribution of the
oil fields is closely related to the rich hydrocarbon depressions, and the Huanghekou depression is one of these rich hydrocarbon
depressions. A number of large and medium-sized oil and gas fields have been found in this area, such as BZ25-1, BZ34 etc.,
and the hydrocarbon was mainly from the Huanghekou depression. The formation of rich hydrocarbon source rocks depended on
the tectonic setting of rapid subsidence, favorable paleoclimatic conditions and paleolimnology environments. The effects
of paleoclimatic condition on hydrocarbon source rocks are the focus of this paper.
__________
Translated from Geological Bulletin of China, 2007, 26(7): 830–840 [译自: 地质通报] 相似文献
49.
Paul A. Crowther Orsola De Marco M. J. Barlow P. J. Storey 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1996,238(1):119-123
We present a detailed, quantitative study of the standard [WC10] Wolf-Rayet central star CPD-56o 8032 based on new high resolution AAT UCLES observations and the Hillier (1990) WR standard model. Our analysis of CPD-56o 8032 gives the wind properties (T
*=34500K, lg (L/L
)=3.8, lg (M/M
a–1)=–5.4,v
=225 km s–1) and chemistry (C/He=0.5, O/He=0.1, by number), the latter suggesting an intimate relationship with the Ovi PN central stars and the PG 1159-035 objects. A comparison between the wind properties of CPD-56o 8032 and Sk-66o 40 (WN 10) indicates that low excitation, low wind velocity WR winds are common to both low mass PN central stars (WC sequence) and high mass post-LBV's (WN sequence). 相似文献
50.
“Tripoli”的含义及译名的讨论 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
“Tripoli”是一种新型的石英质工业矿物原料,在我国长期被误译为硅藻土,影响地质部门对这一新矿种的认识和寻找。本文追溯了“Tripoli”一名的由来,正确地阐述了“Tripoli”的本质特征,分析了在国内文献中长期被误译的根源,指明了其正确含义,并建议废除各种不正确的中译名,译为“粉石英”。 相似文献