新疆独山子ＧＰＳ形变测量与断层活动性研究

1995 年5 月2 日独山子南发生MS5.8 地震后,对独山子南部山区开展了GPS测量,自1995～1997 年共进行3 次复测。独山子GPS网共布设测点13 个,跨附近的一些活动构造断裂。所有观测量用随机软件进行了平差处理,最大相对误差为2.4×10- 7。独山子地区的活动断层总的活动特点是以逆断或逆掩方式为主,主断层面多朝南倾或近直立,四条主要断裂在两年来的活动速率为0.4～5m m /a。     

吐鲁番地区地震活动空间图像和地震形势浅析

结合吐鲁番地区的历史中强地震、古地震及其地震构造,分析了吐鲁番地区的地震活动特征和地震形势,尤其针对1970 年以来发生的11 次MS≥4.7 地震,总结了震前5 年的小震活动空间图像前兆特征,对吐鲁番地区未来的地震趋势和地震危险区提出了分析意见。     

甘宁交界地区弧形断裂失稳理论的模拟研究

以１０２°～１０９°Ｅ,３５．５°～４２°Ｎ为界,通过对该区地质构造,地壳结构的归纳总结,采用临界失稳函数的概念及断裂失稳理论,通过有限元法定量地模拟研究了甘、宁交界地区弧形断裂的稳定状态,认为１．在平面上,临界失稳函数的分布具有不均匀性与断裂活动具有一定的相关性。２．中强地震往往发生在临界失稳函数变化较大的地段。３．临界失稳函数在横向上、纵向上分布不均匀区域容易形成应力集中,从而产生地震     

The April 1996 Irpinia seismic sequence: Evidence for fault interaction

The analysis of the Irpinia earthquake of 3 April 1996 (ML = 4.9), based on strong motion and short period local data, shows that it was a normal faulting event located within the epicentral area of the MS 6.9, 1980, earthquake. It was located at 40.67° N and 15.42° E at a depth of 8 km. The local magnitude (4.9) has been computed from the VBB stations of the MedNet network. The moment magnitude is Mw = 5.1 and the seismic moment estimated from the ground acceleration spectra is 5.0 1023 dyne cm. Spectral analysis of the strong motion recordings yields a Brune stress drop of 111 bars and a corner frequency of 1 Hz. The source radius associated to these values of seismic moment and stress drop is 1.3 km. The focal mechanism has two nodal planes having strike 297°, dip 74°, rake 290° and strike 64°, dip 25° and rake 220°, respectively. A fault plane solution with strike 295° ± 5°, dip 70° ± 5°, and rake 280° ± 10° is consistent with the S-wave polarization computed from the strong motion data recorded at Rionero in Vulture. We discuss the geometry and the dimensions of the fault which ruptured during the 1996 mainshock, its location and the aftershock distribution with respect to the rupture history of the 1980 Irpinia earthquake. The distribution of seismicity and the fault geometry of the 1996 earthquake suggest that the region between the two faults that ruptured during the first subevents of the 1980 event cannot be considered as a strong barrier (high strength zone), as it might be thought looking at the source model and at the sequence of historical earthquakes revealed by paleoseismological investigations.     

1969年阳江MS6.4地震发震断层面参数的确定

利用2010~2016年阳江地区小震资料,对围绕广东阳江6.4级地震发震构造的NEE走向平冈断层的西南段及NW走向的程村断层展布的密集地震,经双差定位方法重新进行震源位置的修定,获得了1411个精定位震源资料。依据成丛地震发生在断层附近的原则,采用模拟退火算法及高斯-牛顿算法相结合的方式,较精确地获得了2个断层面的详细参数：即平冈断层西南段走向258°、倾角85°、倾向NW,与6.4级地震的震源机制解结果十分一致,断层长度约15km并穿过了其西南端海域抵达了对岸;程村断层走向331°、倾角88°、倾向NE,长度约28km,较已有结果更长、走向也朝NE向偏转了约15°。2条陡直断层近乎垂直相交于近海,在构造应力作用下均以走滑错动为主。     

利用唐山地震台资料研究唐山断裂活动特征

本文研究了唐山地震台内的唐山断裂形变、断层活动协调比、断层土壤气CO₂的变化特征。结果显示,唐山地震台内的唐山断裂近35年来整体上在水平方向呈微弱的右旋张性活动,垂直方向呈正断活动,但不同时段的运动状态有所不同;综合分析认为,唐山地震台形变和流体前兆观测对附近及华北因区域地壳应力场调整引起的中小地震有一定的显示,说明该台具有一定的前兆异常显示能力;随着观测资料和经验的持续积累,在该区域发生更大地震前,有望捕捉到更显著的前兆异常。     

大同市地裂缝三维断层形变测量值与辅助温度的相关分析

简要介绍同车公司地裂缝观测站情况,以2013年至2016年数字化改造后的观测数据为基础,结合仪器工作原理,分析三维断层形变测量仪测值与观测仪两端辅助温度测值的关系。结果表明,地裂缝三维断层形变观测中,垂直向DFG观测受地裂缝两端辅助温度影响较显著,地裂缝垂直形变变化是热形变效应和断层运动信息的综合反映。     

依舒断裂带北段尾波Q值特征研究

研究表明,地震波穿过构造活动相对稳定地区时,能量衰减不明显且具有高Q值;而穿过构造活动地区时,能量会发生强烈衰减且具有低Q值。本文利用Sato模型对依舒断裂带北段萝北-通河地区15个数字化地震台站记录到的266条M_L≥2.0地震尾波Q_c值进行了分析和研究,发现黑龙江萝北、通河附近地区Q_c值具有明显的复杂性和差异性,且萝北地区Q_c值远低于通河地区Q_c值,其原因一方面与区域构造活动有关,另一方面与区域地壳构造复杂、地下介质破碎、区域应力不断变化有关。本文还讨论了萝北、通河附近地区Q值随着频率变化的关系及Q_0值空间分布特征,有效地分析了该区域介质状态的变化过程,对萝北地区地震活动性的研究和预测有指导意义。     

涉县地震活动特征及其构造背景

本文采用地质地貌调查、地震活动性分析和地质测年等方法,研究了涉县地区地震和构造的活动特征,并归纳总结涉县6. 0级地震发生的构造条件,即:(1)震中位于大型地震带与地震亚带交汇区,现今地震活动性仍然较高;(2)震区附近发育1条规模较大、活动性较高的控制山盆界限断裂-涉县断裂;(3)震中位于孤立的涉县断陷盆地区边缘,山盆新构造运动差异。     

TEXTUAL RESEARCH OF 1568 M7 GAOLING EARTHQUAKE IN SHAANXI AND ANALYSIS OF ITS SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE

Study of historical earthquake is one of the important methods to understand the seismic activities and analyze the seismogenic faults. On the May 25^th, 1568 AD, a destructive earthquake occurred to the northeast of the present-day city of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Because this earthquake happened shortly after the 1556 M8 earthquake and was regarded as an aftershock, it has received little attention in previous studies. Previous earthquake catalogue agreed in assigning a magnitude 6 3/4 to this earthquake but had different epicentral locations and seismic intensity, and the seismogenic structure remains ambiguous. Based on textual research of historical earthquake and field investigation, the Jingyang County, Gaoling County, and Xianning County, were the worst hit area by the earthquake, and the areas, including Yongle Town, Gaozhuang Town at southeastern Jingyang County to Gaoling County and its southeastern present-day Jijia and Zhangbu, should be the mesoseismal area of this earthquake. The epicenter intensity of this earthquake is Ⅸ⁺(9~10 degrees), and the magnitude is estimated to be 7. The isoseismal lines were drawn to exhibit the various intensities of the areas damaged during the event, with its major axis directed NWW. Intensities reached Ⅸ⁺ in the zone extending west-northwest parallel to the Weinan-Jingyang Fault. This fault, characterized by a normal fault that developed during the Cenozoic extensional history of the Weihe Basin, dipping to the north at an angle of 60°~80°, is one part of the southern boundary faults in Weihe graben. There are geomorphological and geological evidences of recent activity of the fault during (180±30)a BP to (1 600±30)a BP. At T₁-T₂ fluvial terraces on the north bank of Weihe River, the scarps were faulted during Ming Dynasty, and sandy soil liquefaction, dense structural tensional fissures and faulted strata are noted in stratigraphic profiles and trenches. Thus, we suggest that this fault can reliably be regarded as being active during Holocene, and re-name the earthquake as the Shaanxi Gaoling earthquake.