初论紫金山铜金矿床超临界成矿流体系统

紫金山矿床是我国东南沿海发现的大型金铜矿床.在分析超临界成矿流体系统形成的区域地质背景和研究成矿物理化学条件的基础上,探讨了超临界成矿流体系统形成的动力学条件,提出该系统的成矿机理:与燕山晚期酸性火山-侵入岩浆有关的金铜矿床是在上地幔隆起、张性或向张性过渡背景下形成的,酸性岩浆经熔体-流体分离作用形成的岩浆热液与大气降水混合,经水-岩作用等复杂的输运和化学反应耦合过程的动力学产物.     

福建省德化县青云山铜金矿地质特征及找矿方向

青云山铜金矿为次火山低温热液矿床,矿区共有6个工业铜金矿体,矿体受断裂及构造蚀变带控制,Ⅰ号矿体为石英脉型,其余皆属构造破碎带蚀变岩型.矿区东矿段天花寨一带的不整合面、西矿段的深部、F37和F3断裂及旁侧次级断裂在走向(倾向)上的变化部位是下一步找矿的有利地段.     

浅析莱芜接触交代-热液铁矿的双交代渗滤作用

莱芜接触交代-热液铁矿赋存于奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐岩与燕山晚期闪长岩的接触带及其附近.通过对各矿床有益有害组分分析,以及对成矿母岩、围岩岩石化学特征、双交代渗滤作用和围岩蚀变类型等研究,总结出"三位一体"成矿模式,进而探讨了矿体的空间分布规律及其找矿意义.     

胶东西北部玲珑、郭家岭超单元花岗岩成因探讨

玲珑、郭家岭超单元花岗岩的源岩均为胶东岩群变质岩;玲珑超单元花岗岩表现出岩石的不均匀性,其成因为原地、半原地交代-重熔型花岗岩;郭家岭超单元花岗岩则属于有幔源物质参入的同熔型花岗岩.两个花岗岩均经历了多期构造-岩浆作用,最终形成于燕山期;郭家岭超单元最终形成晚于玲珑超单元花岗岩.     

Distinct brief major events in the Karoo large igneous province clarified by new Ar/Ar ages on the Lesotho basalts

Recent mineral separate ages obtained on the Karoo large igneous province (southern Africa) suggest that the province was built by several distinct magmatic pulses over a rather long period on the order of 5–6 Ma concerning the main erupted volume [Jourdan, F., Féraud, G., Bertrand, H., Kampunzu, A.B., Tshoso, G., Watkeys, M.K., Le Gall., B., 2005. The Karoo large igneous province: Brevity, origin, and relation with mass extinction questioned by new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age data, Geology 33, 745–748]. Although this apparently atypical province is dated in more detail compared to many other large igneous provinces, volumetrically important areas still lack sufficient high-quality data. The timing of the Karoo province is crucial as this event is correlated with the breakup activity of the Gondwana supercontinent. The Lesotho basalts represent a major lava sequence of the province, but have not yet been precisely dated by systematic analysis of mineral separates. We analyzed plagioclase separates from five lava flows encompassing the complete 1.4-km-thick Lesotho sequence from top to bottom using the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar method. We obtained five plateau and mini-plateau ages statistically indistinguishable and ranging from 182.3 ± 1.6 to 181.0 ± 2.0 Ma (2σ). We derived an apparent maximum duration for this event of  0.8 Ma by neglecting correlated errors embedded in the age uncertainties.

A critical review of previous ages obtained on the Lesotho sequence [Duncan R.A., Hooper, P.R., Rehacek, J., Marsh, J.S., Duncan, A.R., 1997. The timing and duration of the Karoo igneous event, southern Gondwana. Journal of Geophysical Research 102, 18127–18138] shows that groundmass analyses are unreliable for high-resolution geochronology, due to alteration and ³⁹Ar recoil effects. Discrepancy between our ages and a previous plagioclase age at  184 Ma obtained by the later workers is tentatively attributed to the heterogeneity of the monitor used and/or cryptic excess ⁴⁰Ar. The current age database suggests that at least three temporally and spatially distinct brief major events (the Lesotho and southern Botswana lava piles and the Okavango dyke swarm) are so far recognized in the Karoo province. Identification of brief and volumetrically important Karoo magmatic events allows detecting the migration of the Karoo magmatism and potentially the stress regime that affected the southern African lithosphere at this time. A filtered compilation of 60 ages obtained with homogeneous intercalibrated standards suggests a shorter duration for the main pulses of the magmatism between 3 and 4.5 Ma, compared to a whole province duration of  10 Ma, between  182 and  172 Ma.     

甘肃省礼县马泉金矿床四号矿带地质特征及找矿潜力

马泉金矿床是受近EW向礼县-白云-山阳区域性深大断裂南支——礼县-洮坪断裂或层间挤压破碎带控制的中-低温热液矿床,目前已发现9个矿带。通过对其中四号矿带的勘查验证,对四号矿带的地质特征进行了重新认识和归纳总结。研究认为,矿带断裂构造十分发育,在矿区内发育的三条主要断裂构造严格控制着四号矿带的三条金矿体的空间展布及产出规模,找矿标志较多且明显,并认为,四号矿带之东西两侧延伸部位及其深部尚有一定的找矿潜力。     

云南水汞群体非均匀度异常与成组强震活动关系

阐述了一种前兆群体异常信息提取新方法前兆群体非均匀度的数学原理,并以云南水汞群体异常信息为例进行了具体计算。结果表明该方法以群体异常分布特征的变化为异常标准(ID≥1),达到异常即自动识别报警。该方法能克服个人经验的局限,易为他人进行检验,可成为本地区成组强震预测对应概率较高的新指标。     

2006年台湾屏东海外7.2级地震前福建漳州汰内井水氡异常分析

通过对福建华安县汰内井2005年以来的水氡测值进行分析,提取了中期及短期异常,认为这些异常与2006年12月26日台湾屏东海外7.2级地震有关。     

甘肃礼县盐关井水位短临异常与滇北强震的关系

在分析了甘肃礼县盐关井水位20多年来的异常变化与邻近地区发生中强地震的对应关系基础上,着重就18年来井水位出现两次较大幅度的负异常与相距1000 km多的云南禄劝1985年6.1级地震和云南大姚2003年6.2级地震的对应关系进行了探讨,认为该井很可能是滇北两个震区强震的“穴位”和灵敏点。     

广东省地面塌陷特征及防治对策

广东省的地面塌陷主要有自然塌陷及人为塌陷等2种类型。其中人为塌陷包括抽排水塌陷及采空区塌陷。地面塌陷的平面形态多呈圆形、椭圆形、长条形和不规则形等;剖面形态大致可分为竖井状、蝶状、漏斗状及坛状等。从区域上看,地面塌陷的分布特征受地形地貌、地质构造、地下水作用特征、岩溶发育程度、覆盖层条件和人类工程活动等的控制。探讨了广东省地面塌陷的防治对策。