The mafic-ultramafic complex near Finero (Ivrea-Verbano Zone), I. Chemistry of MORB-like magmas

Geochemical data are presented for the meta-igneous, mafic-ultramafic complex near Finero. This complex is in contact with a phlogopite-bearing mantle peridotite and is subdivided into the Internal Gabbro unit, the Amphibole Peridotite unit, and the External Gabbro unit. The Internal Gabbro and the Amphibole Peridotite units consist of coarse-grained, chemically heterogeneous cumulates, whereas the External Gabbro unit is generally massive, chemically more uniform and approximately representative of the residual melt with MgO contents between 6.6 and 9.1% and Mg numbers between 38 and 58. Both whole-rock and mineral contents of Ni and Cr are significantly higher (at similar Mg numbers) in the Amphibole Peridotite unit than in the Internal Gabbro unit. The most straightforward interpretation of this is that the Amphibole Peridotite unit accumulated after the influx of fresh mafic (or ultramafic) magma into the magma chamber. Major-element chemical trends are continuous from the Amphibole Peridotite unit to the External Gabbro unit and are consistent with closed-system fractionation with no further addition of magma or contamination by wall or roof rock assimilation. In the External Gabbro unit, total FeO and TiO₂ contents are strongly correlated with each other (and with P₂O₅ and Zr) and reach values as high as 19 and 4%, respectively, indicating an advanced degree of crystal fractionation along a tholeftic trend. The External Gabbro samples have generally smooth normalized trace element patterns, which are consistent with being representative of a liquid composition. The residual nature of the External Gabbro magma is also indicated by negative Eu and Sr anomalies, clear evidence for prior feldspar fractionation. REE patterns are otherwise indistinguishable from N-type MORB, but Th and U are significantly more depleted than in MORB. This Th and U depletion is similar to that found in olivine basalts and picrites on Iceland and Hawaii; its origin is not well understood. No evidence is seen for any assimilation of crystal material, in sharp contrast with the situation of the igneous complex in Val Sesia near Balmuccia, where the magma composition is dominated by assimilation of crust. We suggest that the heat provided by at most two injections of magma near Finero was insufficient to induce crystal anatexis, in contrast with the excess heat supplied by multiple magma injections at Balmuccia.     

雅鲁藏布江缝合带区域性构造-沉积特征

沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带的蛇绿岩套出露状态可分为3种类型,如在岗仁波齐和白朗地区完整出露大套基性 超基性岩体,层状堆晶岩,辉绿岩质岩席、岩墙,以及层状深海沉积建造。而在仁布地区的蛇绿岩露头规模迅速收敛,仅剩少量地幔岩体表现为串珠状排列的小岩株向东延伸并逐渐尖灭。在拉萨地区蛇绿岩套则完全缺失,相应位置出露一套同时代中 酸性火山岩建造。为探讨雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的大地构造性质,笔者选择蛇绿岩套出露巨厚、迅速收敛和完全缺失3种不同的构造位置开展构造-沉积剖面研究。初步结果显示：白朗大规模蛇绿岩套核心区保留基底构造窗,且局部可直接观察到深海沉积建造与上下围岩复理石的沉积整合接触关系。仁布地区的镁铁 超镁铁岩体具有保留完好的原生侵位构造形迹,岩体与围岩常呈侵位时的牵引平行或者低角度斜交接触关系,地幔岩与围岩接触带保留典型烘烤边等热接触变质带（晕）等。两剖面的岩石均处于区域性脆性 韧脆性变形和低绿片岩相变质作用,缺乏统一的区域性构造极性,因而整体属于原地系统,并非经历板块俯冲-碰撞-反逆冲的外来残余洋壳岩片。拉萨地区在蛇绿岩带向东延线位置出露侏罗-白垩系中 酸性火山建造,大剖面南北两侧的中 新生代沉积建造的岩性组合,构造样式和沉积环境演变过程具有明显的相似性和时间上的宏观对应性,应当记录了同一个盆地的完整演化旋回。上述构造-沉积地质特征说明雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩套并不代表中生代近万公里宽阔洋壳的残余构造岩片,新特提斯洋实际上属于一条中生代不均一洋壳化的弧后裂陷盆地。     

综合物探法在西邑铅锌矿外围预测靶区运用

西邑铅锌矿取得深部隐伏矿找矿的重大突破,为扩大找矿成果,在其外围有利成矿地段开展地质勘查工作.应用激电中梯、激电测深和EH4等综合物探方法预测找矿靶区,在深部隐伏矿勘查中能取得较好效果.     

长江经济带岩盐矿特征与盐穴储库适宜性评价

长江经济带包括上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、四川、重庆、云南和贵州11个省(直辖市),是我国重要的经济发展区域,油气资源长期安全可靠的储存对于该区经济可持续发展至关重要。基于长江经济带战略油气储库基地建设规划布局的需求,在充分收集利用前人地质调查和研究成果的基础上,对区内岩盐矿床进行了综合研究和分析,建立了层次结构模型,评价了盐穴油气储库建设的可行性。长江经济带除上海和贵州外,其余9省(直辖市)均发现了大量的岩盐矿床,主要成盐时代为震旦纪、三叠纪、白垩纪和古近纪; 成盐盆地范围0.29~10 000 km²,盐层累计厚度3~1 050 m,矿体埋藏深度40~3 400 m; 矿石中NaCl含量20%~99.86%; 矿体顶底板及夹层岩石主要为泥岩、粉砂质泥岩及泥质粉砂岩。地质调查揭示出区内大部分地下盐穴远离地震活动带,构造稳定,因此可以改造为石油储库。考虑储气库的密闭性及安全性,江苏金坛盆地等6个盐矿埋深适中,建穴地质条件较好,适合建造储气盐穴库; 江苏淮安等14个盆地的局部地区适合建造天然气储库; 重庆垫江等11个盐矿埋深较大,可以建造储气盐穴库,但建造成本较高; 湖南澧县等21个盐矿埋藏偏浅,应选择更深部的盐层空间建造油气储库。建议在江苏金坛、淮安、赵集和丰县,江西清江和会昌,湖北云应、天门小板和潜江等盐矿地区优先开发利用盐穴。     

Metamorphic evolution of oceanic gabbros: recrystallization from subsolidus to hydrothermal conditions in the MARK area (ODP Leg 153)

The 117.38 m of gabbroic core drilled during the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 153 at Sites 921 to 924 in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) between 23 °N and the Kane Fracture Zone, exhibits a remarkable primary compositional heterogeneity, such as magmatic layering, intrusive contacts and late magmatic veining, which express a succession of magmatic events. Textural indicators suggest that the cooling of the crystal mush occurred in a dynamic environment, with infiltration of progressively evolved liquids. Magmatic features include random shape fabric and magmatic lamination; the subsequent deformational overprint occurred in subsolidus conditions. The ductile deformation, generally concentrated in discrete domains of the gabbro, is associated with continuous re-equilibration of the metamorphic assemblages of (1) olivine + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + ilmenite + Ti-magnetite, (2) olivine + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + ilmenite + Ti-magnetite + red hornblende. At lower temperatures brittle deformation prevails and subsequent fractures control the development of metamorphic assemblages: (3) clinopyroxene + plagioclase + red brown hornblende + Ti-magnetite + magnetite (?) + ilmenite, (4) plagioclase + brown hornblende + Ti-magnetite + magnetite + hematite + titanite ± Ti-oxide, (5) plagioclase + green hornblende + magnetite + titanite, (6) plagioclase + actinolite + chlorite + titanite + magnetite, (7) albite + actinolite + chlorite + prehnite ± epidote ± titanite and (8) albite + prehnite + chlorite ± smectite. Assemblages 1 to 8 express increasing water/rock ratios and decreasing degrees of recrystallization.

During the ductile phase, red hornblende is stable and its abundance increases with deformation intensity, possibly as an effect of the introduction of hydrous fluids. During the brittle phase, water diffusion controls the development of the fracture-filling mineral assemblages and re-equilibration of the adjacent rock; temperatures decrease further, as demonstrated by mineral zoning and incompletely re-equilibrated assemblages. The lowest temperatures correspond to the development of hydrothermal assemblages.

Compared with oceanic gabbros from fast-spreading transform environments, high-temperature ductile phases (granulite and amphibolite) are well developed, whereas brittle phases are widespread, as microcracks, prevalent on fracturing associated with discrete veins.     

郯庐断裂带(安徽段)内磁铁石榴角闪岩的形成条件、年代学及构造归属的探究

通过对肥东群南缘特征性岩石——磁铁石榴角闪岩的构造地质学和岩相学研究表明,磁铁石榴角闪岩及其围岩以构造透镜体形式产出,该变质岩具有两个阶段变质矿物组合,热力学评价显示①阶段的温压范围为：T=616~700℃和P=0.66~0.85GPa,平均温压为T=653±35℃和P=0.75±0.09GPa。②阶段的温压范围为：T=597~643℃和P=0.51~0.94GPa,平均温压为T=620±15℃和P=0.73±0.15GPa,并表现出一个快速等压降温P-T演化特征。锆石U-Pb定年和拉曼光谱分析表明,该磁铁石榴角闪岩的变质年龄为2469±49Ma。结合地质背景和前人的研究,可以判定该类岩石可能源于华北板块。由于郯庐断裂的左旋走滑作用被构造并置与扬子板块中。从而进一步推测,郯庐断裂（安徽段）横向宽度可达到10~15km。     

雅鲁藏布江缝合带中部硅岩地球化学特征及构造环境制约

硅岩在雅鲁藏布江缝合带广泛发育。在 1∶ 2 5万萨嘎县幅、桑桑区幅区域地质调查中 ,在缝合带及其南侧宗卓组中识别出 3种硅岩沉积组合 :1嘎学群内与玄武岩伴生的硅岩 ;2构造混杂带内夹于页岩中的硅岩 ;3宗卓组内夹于页岩—岩屑石英杂砂岩的硅岩。在硅岩中分离出的放射虫组合时代为白垩纪。运用地球化学研究手段 ,对硅岩岩石组合、岩石化学、微量元素和稀土元素特征进行了综合分析 ,与玄武岩伴生的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .5 33～ 0 .5 4 6 <0 .6 19(除 9号样外 ) ,Ce/ Ce* 为 0 .6 7(平均 ) ,L an/ Ybn为 0 .83～ 1.37和 L an/ Cen为0 .82～ 2 .2 3;夹于页岩中的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .5 5 7～ 0 .6 19,Ce/ Ce*为 0 .995～ 1.35 0 ,L an/ Ybn为 0 .71～ 1.0 3和 L an/ Cen为 0 .6 8～ 0 .98;宗卓组内的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .6 15～ 0 .70 7>0 .6 19,Ce/ Ce* 为 0 .94～1.14 ,L an/ Ybn 为 1.4 4～ 1.6 6和 L an/ Cen 为 0 .85～ 1.0 7。研究证实 ,3种背景的硅岩均反映非热水或生物成因。嘎学群内与玄武岩伴生的硅岩具深水盆地沉积特征 ;宗卓组中的硅岩具典型大陆边缘沉积环境特征 ;构造混杂带内的硅岩形成于近大陆边缘环境中     

郯庐断裂带晚中生代演化历史及其对华北克拉通破坏过程的指示

郯庐断裂带晚中生代的演化历史是华北克拉通破坏过程的重要记录。中侏罗世末(燕山运动A幕),郯庐断裂带局部发生左行平移活动,而华北克拉通上出现了一系列北北东走向的缩短构造,指示了西太平洋伊泽奈崎板块俯冲的开始。晚侏罗世期间,郯庐断裂带没有发生活动,而华北克拉通出现局部伸展与岩浆活动及区域性隆升,应为弧后弱拉张背景。早白垩世初(燕山运动B幕),郯庐断裂带再次发生强烈的左行平移活动,华北克拉通北部与东部出现了一系列近南北向挤压产生的构造,应是鄂霍茨克洋最终关闭与伊泽奈崎板块高速俯冲双重作用的结果。随后的早白垩世期间,华北克拉通在弧后拉张背景下发生峰期破坏,郯庐断裂带呈现为强烈的伸展活动。早白垩世末的区域性挤压作用,结束了华北克拉通的峰期破坏,并使郯庐断裂带再次发生了一期左行平移活动。这期挤压作用出现在太平洋板块接替伊泽奈崎板块这一重大板块调整的背景之中。     

湖北武湖日本沼虾的生长特性

从1998年9月至1999年9月对人工养殖湖泊——武湖日本沼虾生长特性作了研究. 以月龄来研究日本沼虾的生长,研究结果表明日本沼虾在7-1月份(1-7月龄)呈等速生长,在2-6月份(8-12月龄)呈异速生长.日本沼虾体重(W)与体长(L)呈幂函数相关,但在7-1月份时其b值接近于3,而在2-6月份时其b值明显小于3,其关系式如下: 1-7月龄:W♂=0. 0148L3. 2419(r=0. 9978,n=390),W♀=0. 0206L3. 0117(r=0. 9968,n=372); 8-12月龄:W♂=0. 0857L2. 1788(r=0.9854,n=188),W♀=0. 1450L1. 8165(r=0. 9974,n=278). 1-7月龄雄虾的生长规律符合Von Bertalanffy方程,雌虾的生长规律符合Logistic方程;8-12月龄雌雄虾的生长规律都符合Logistic方程.     

柴达木盆地西部地区断裂类型及油气勘探意义

为研究柴西地区油气成藏及其与青藏高原隆升的关系,我们借助生长断层定性和定量分析,总结出该区断裂在演化上总体可归纳为两个主要形成时期和4种表现形式：早期形成时期(E1＋2?N),中生代以来开始活动,多数终止于下油砂山组末(约14.9 Ma); 晚期形成时期(N?Q),上油砂山组开始活动,狮子沟组(约8.2 Ma)以来活动尤为剧烈,持续至今。在形式上主要表现为限于下或上构造层的生长断层; 贯穿下、上构造层的生长断层和后期断层4类。柴西地区的这种断裂构造特征,与青藏高原的分阶段隆升相对应,控制着该区的油气运移、成藏、保存及改造,对我们在柴西地区的油气勘探工作具有重大意义。