山东“十五”测震台网子台地动躁声初步分析

对山东“十五”测震台网正在测试运行的36个国家任务子台的地动噪声进行分析计算,得到各台的背景噪声地动速度均方根值（RMS值）、有效测量动态范围和噪声信号功率谱。结果表明,各子台中有沂水台、莒县台、郯城台、新泰台、烟台台、荣成台、苍山台、商河台、莱州台、龙口台、海阳台、文登台及临朐台是符合一类测震台的标准,其他台站均符合测震台站的选址要求。     

Micro-earthquakes"Justunderneath"Seismic Stations as Ground Truth Events1 Application to the 2008 Wenchuan Aftershock Sequence

Analyzing the aftershock sequence of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,we considered 26 microearthquakes"just underneath"seismic stations.Making use of such special station-event configurations to determine the depth of these micro-earthquakes provided accurate relocation of aftershocks with a reference set of"ground truth (GT) events".     

Site correction of ground motion in Fujian area

On the basis of the interpretation of the high-resolution satellite remote sensing images, in combination with the data of engineering geological exploration and shear-wave velocity testing, the site category-zoning map of FJ area with the scale of 1:200,000 is generated according to the site classification standard of “Code for Seismic design of Buildings” of China (GB50011 2010). By the method of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis, we obtain bedrock seismic ground motion parameters of five recurrent periods (50, 200, 500, 1000, and 2500 a) of FJ area. By using the 617 typical soil layer structures of the site classifications in FJ area, we build seismic response models of soil layers and make seismic response analysis, then obtain the statistic sample space of site amplification factors, which possess reasonable distribution and sufficient data. Considering the distribution characteristics of The Quaternary Strata in FJ area, according to the statistic zoning (mountains and coastal areas respectively) and site classifications as well as the level of bedrock importing ground motion, the site magnification-factors of ground motion in FJ area are obtained by classification statistics.     

Earthquake ground motion predictive equations for Garhwal Himalaya,India

Predictive equations based on the stochastic approach are developed for earthquake ground motions from Garhwal Himalayan earthquakes of 3.5≤M_w≤6.8 at a distance of 10≤R≤250 km. The predicted ground motion parameters are response spectral values at frequencies from 0.25 to 20 Hz, and peak ground acceleration (PGA). The ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) are derived from an empirically based stochastic ground motion model. The GMPEs show a fair agreement with the empirically developed ground motion equations from Himalaya as well as the NGA equation. The proposed relations also reasonably predict the observed ground motion of two major Himalayan earthquakes from Garhwal Himalayan region. For high magnitudes, there is insufficient data to satisfactorily judge the relationship; however it reasonably predicts the 1991 Uttarkashi earthquake (M_w=6.8) and 1999 Chamoli earthquake (M_w=6.4) from Garhwal Himalaya region.     

王家坟村地裂缝现场调查及可能原因分析

2012年8月至10月,太原市晋源区王家坟村出现不同程度的地裂缝,王家坟地裂缝涉及包括朱富生在内10户居民的20间房子,房屋裂缝水平开裂最大10cm,垂直位错最大7~8cm。分析可知,王家坟地裂缝的出现可能是由于当地地下水位下降,地表土层(地层条件)中原来存在的一些薄弱面,受交城断裂的活动诱发而导致。该地裂缝位于汾河西岸汾河Ⅰ级阶地和太原西山断块隆起区交接地带,其特殊的地貌位置对其地裂缝的形成具有定位控制作用。     

EQUIVALENT LINEARIZATION OF GENERALLY PINCHING HYSTERETIC,DEGRADING SYSTEMS

Many types of structural systems that undergo cycles of inelastic deformation under severe natural hazard loadings exhibit ‘pinching’ of hysteresis loops. In this paper, a generally pinching hysteretic restoring force model—an extension of the Bouc–Wen differential hysteresis model—is used in stochastic equivalent linearization of single-degree-of-freedom structural systems. The severity and rate of pinching are controlled by the hysteretic energy dissipation and the pinching level can be specified to match experimental data. Under white noise excitations, estimates of reponse statistics from linearization are shown to compare favourably with those from Monte Carlo simulation. Numerical studies on the sensitivity of the accuracy of response statistics obtained by linearization to changes in the hysteresis parameters showed that, for a range of practical cases, the linearization method can be used in lieu of simulation and that, in low-frequency systems, some hysteresis parameters may be set to a constant value a priori to reduce the number of model parameters that needs to be estimated or identified, and to simplify further random vibration analysis and/or performance evaluation studies.     

STOCHASTIC SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TUNED LIQUID COLUMN DAMPERS

The seismic performance of Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCDs) for the passive control of flexible structures is investigated using random vibration analysis. A non-stationary stochastic process with frequency and amplitude modulation is used to represent the earthquake strong motion, and a simple equivalent linearization technique is used to account for the non-linear damping force in the TLCD. The governing equations of motion for the structure TLCD system are formulated and reduced to a first-order state vector equation, from which the differential equation for the system response covariance matrix is obtained. The TLCD performance is evaluated on the basis of selected structural response statistics, namely, the expected maximum and root-mean-square displacements, and root-mean-square absolute accelerations and interstorey shears. A parametric study and sensitivity analysis are conducted to assess the TLCD performance and identify critical design parameters. Illustrative examples are presented using SDOF and MDOF shear-beam structural models, a wide-banded stationary random base acceleration and two non-stationary random input ground motions representative of long- and short-duration ground accelerations with significant low-frequency content.     

山西大同—阳高6.1级地震前的地电阻率异常

分析了 1989年 10月 18日山西省大同—阳高 Ms6 .1地震前 ,距震中 15 0 km的内蒙呼和浩特地震台和距震中 2 5 0 km的内蒙宝昌地震台地电阻率的异常特征 ,研究了引起地电阻率异常的可能原因 ,认为这些异常是该次地震的前兆反映。     

大型滑坡地下水系统的概念模型以长江三峡库区宝塔滑坡为例

本文以中国长江三峡工程库区大型滑坡宝塔滑坡为例 ,在地质结构研究的基础上 ,尝试通过地下水动力场、水化学场、水温度场和水的环境同位素的调查研究 ,查清地下水补给、径流、排泄条件和地下水随外界因素 (降雨、水库蓄水和人为入渗、排水等 )变化的规律 ,从而建立滑坡地下水系统的概念模型。这既是滑坡的地下水预测和变形预测的必要基础 ,也为滑坡的治理指明了方向。