Appraisal of ground vibration from civil engineering construction

Amplitude and style of ground vibration from two types of pile driving — vibrodriver (periodic) and drophammer (transient) — are considered for the analysis of deformation in a portal frame structure. It is argued that the three-dimensional character of the vibration should be determined in the form of a resultant vector and this requires the measurement of vibration in three directions at right angles together with information on the sense of the motion along each orthogonal axis of vibration. Such resultant vector data during the period of vibration are best processed and presented in the style of a suite of hemispherical projections that comprise upper and lower hemisphere forms, respectively embodying components of upward and downward vibrational motion. It is shown that analysis for the dynamic stability of a simple block foundation is assisted by reference to the hemispherical projection representation and by the use of ground surface acceleration data.     

富蕴地震的预报实践与地倾斜异常分析

1987年9月19日富蕴台以北40km处发生了5.8级地震。富蕴台地倾斜于震前一年开始出现中期趋势异常,矢量图形态变化明显偏离正常趋势,异常量级为10~(-6)。其观测资料反映了震前形变前兆异常,从而于6月份提出书面预报意见。文中还对地倾斜的物理机理作了阐述。     

Mini-Sosie浅层高分辨反射波技术在西安市地裂缝研究中应用

一、前言 西安市地表出现八条地裂缝带,总体走向N70°-80°E,间距2-2.5 km,长度约3-4 km,最长约8 km,近似于平行等间距展布在城区和近郊区的150 km²范围内,将西安市切割成规则条带,由于不断活动,二十多年来造成的破坏,相当于Ⅳ-Ⅶ度的地震。 1986-1987年,我们用Mini-Sosie高分辨反射波技术,在辛家庙（F1）、小寨（F7）     

地震地下水位动态锯齿波的成因及排除办法

我们通过资料分析和模拟试验,研究了水位动态锯齿波的成因和排除办法,初步研究了井孔特征,井房气流效应与锯齿波的关系以及锯齿波在地下水观测中的应用。     

地面脉动在昌吉小区划中的应用

通过昌吉地震小区划中地面脉动观测结果与实测的场地土弹性波速、钻孔资料分析研究认为:地面脉动频谱特征在区域上受地貌单元的制约,在同一个地貌单元,不同测点脉动频谱特性无多大差别,峰值都几乎接近。不同地貌单元,土层类型不同频谱形状也不尽相同。在层状土层组合的场地中,脉动谱形态还反映了土层的结构特征。     

Aquifer architecture analysis using ground-penetrating radar: Triassic and Quaternary examples (S. Germany)

 Applying the concept of "analogue studies" long used in reservoir characterization, outcrop analogues in two aquifer units of Southern Germany have been investigated: Upper Triassic (Keuper) alluvial sandstones (Stubensandstein) and Quaternary glaciofluvial gravels. Architectural element analysis of the outcrops is combined with ground-penetrating radar profiles derived a few meters behind the outcrop walls. Such calibration is used to better understand the three-dimensional sedimentary architecture. Many sedimentary units at the same time represent hydraulic flow units and are characterized by specific radar signatures. This approach leads to promising results, not only in unconsolidated aquifers but also in fully consolidated sedimentary rocks. Our studies will lead to a database with which more realistic predictions of the hydraulic behaviour of sedimentary aquifers systems, needed for numerical hydrogeological simulations, will be possible. Received: 17 June 1996 · Accepted: 12 August 1996     

基于灰度共生矩阵的自适应雷达杂波抑制

多普勒天气雷达体扫过程中低仰角常出现强地物杂波,影响了雷达数据质量及其产品的业务应用。为了抑制地物杂波,提出了一种基于雷达基数据灰度共生矩阵(gray-level co-occurrence matrix,GLCM)的自适应地物杂波抑制方法。针对雷达站附近回波数据强度高、多普勒速度接近于零值的特性,首先设定阈值进行数据预处理,初步分离出杂波区域;其次,对强度信息进行分块,根据每一小块的灰度共生矩阵能量值和对比度分布自适应寻找阈值;最后利用确定的阈值识别和剔除地物杂波。实验表明该方法能有效剔除雷达站附近的强地物杂波,尤其对混杂在降水回波信号中的强地物杂波有很好的抑制作用。     

Evaluation of buttress wall shapes to limit movements induced by deep excavation

Three-dimension finite element analyses of deep excavations with buttress walls were performed to evaluate the effect of buttress wall shapes on limiting movements induced by deep excavation. Results showed that a combination of the rectangular and the capital L-letter shapes (RL-shape) yielded the greatest performance in reducing wall deflections and ground surface settlements. The main deformation-control mechanism mainly came from the horizontal and vertical frictional resistances of buttress walls against adjacent soils which were pushed by wall deflections and the soil heave at the excavation bottom, respectively. Besides, the RL-shape buttress walls were successfully verified through a well-documented case history.     

甘肃省农村民房地基基础及其安全问题

对甘肃省农村非工程结构民房地基进行了分类,对各类型地基基础的特性和存在的安全性问题进行了讨论,提出了提高民房抗震能力的改进措施。认为需要通过技术培训、宣传和民房建设管理等途径来提高农村地区民房建设水平。     

地震动位移峰值对斜拉桥地震反应的影响

根据同一加速度反应谱拟合了加速度峰值相同、速度峰值相同、位移峰值不同的两组地震动时程。以大跨斜拉桥的三维模型为例，在以上两组时程的激励下，应用有限元立法，对斜拉桥的地震反应进行了分析。计算结果表明：在弹性阶段，地震动位移峰值时斜拉桥的动力响应影响不明显；但当结构进入弹塑性阶段时，在位移峰值较大的一组地震动激励下，桥梁的墩底弯矩和塔顶位移会有更大的响应。