东太湖堤线调整工程黏性吹填土特征

东太湖堤线调整大堤由黏性土水力吹填形成,填土中含大量鹅卵状土块.本文通过野外勘察、室内试验等方法初步研究分析黏性吹填土形成机理、内部结构特点、力学特性等.研究结果表明:吹填土体性质不均匀,鹅卵状土块土性较好,而重塑淤泥质黏土土性极差.黏性吹填土的渗透系数很小,固结所需时间长.其室内土工试验参数与现场实际不符,其原因是现...     

山西清徐地裂缝形变的InSAR监测分析

山西清徐地裂缝是近年汾渭盆地中活动最为剧烈的地裂缝之一,对耕地、道路和建筑物均造成了严重的破坏.为了监测该地裂缝的活动特征并推测其活动原因,采用差分合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术对该区域的地表形变进行了面状监测.由于受农田覆盖导致的严重时间去相干的影响,本文采用2007年时隔仅为70d的两景Envisat ASAR数据进行了...     

Experimental investigation of hull girder vibrations of a flexible backbone model in bending and torsion

Although the coupled horizontal–torsional vibrations of open ships have been investigated numerically for decades, the available experimental data in oblique seas seem rare. Model tests, considering natural frequencies of bending and torsional modes, have been conducted by the Centre for Ships and Ocean Structures (CeSOS) in the towing tank and ocean basin. A flexible backbone model was designed with five cut-outs on the top side of the aluminum beam to realize approximately torsional stiffness as well as vertical and horizontal bending stiffness. This paper mainly deals with measured bending and torsional vibrations in regular and irregular waves. The damping ratios, mode shapes, and modal moments were derived from experimental data, and a numerical model based on modal superimposition is established according to the measured hydroelastic properties. Some time-domain simulations are carried out considering the structural characteristics, and compared with measured results. The test data in regular waves are presented to show the possible factors of influence on the vibrations. The effect of bending and torsional vibrations on the extreme response values in irregular waves is estimated. The uncertainties in the experiments are discussed and conclusions are presented at the end of this paper.     

Soil hydrological and erosional responses in areas of woody encroachment, pasture and woodland in semi-arid Australia

In arid and semi-arid areas, woody encroachment is the increase in density, cover, extent and/or biomass of woody plants. Woody encroachment is often associated with increased runoff and soil erosion. Hydrological and erosional responses of woody encroachment and of pastures established after management of encroachment in semi-arid Australia are not well understood. This study compared the hydrological and erosional responses across vegetation states comprising woody plant encroachment (>1200 stems ha⁻¹), recently established pastures (<23 years of age), long-established pasture (50-100 years of age) and open woodland (<330 stems ha⁻¹) in semi-arid eastern Australia. Responses were measured using rainfall simulation with intensity of 35 mm h⁻¹ for 30 min applied on 1 -m² plots. Runoff and sediment production did not differ significantly between vegetation states. Average runoff in woody encroachment was 9.0 mm h⁻¹, followed by recent pasture (8.2 mm h⁻¹), long-established pasture (5.9 mm h⁻¹) and open woodland (4.2 mm h⁻¹). Total sediment production in recent pasture was 11.6 g m⁻², followed by woody encroachment (9.0 g m⁻²), long-established pasture (7.3 g m⁻²) and open woodland (4.3 g m⁻²). Runoff and sediment production were significantly lower at one pasture site (0.9 mm h⁻¹ and 1.3 g m⁻²) where rotational grazing and minimum tillage had been implemented than in the adjacent paired woody encroachment site (10.3 mm h⁻¹and 6.5 g m⁻², respectively). This example of a pasture that had been managed to increase ground cover illustrated the effect of pasture management on reducing runoff and sediment production. Across all vegetation states, small scale runoff and sediment production were minimal or zero where total ground cover was 73% or higher.     

基于三维地质结构模型的北京东城区地面塌陷成因分析

本文通过收集近年来北京市东城区地面塌陷实例,并通过钻孔等资料建立了该区的三维地质结构模型。利用模型分析了该地区地面塌陷事故发生的地质原因,提出了人工填土层不均匀沉降、砂质粉土层发生流砂,是塌陷发生的主要地质因素,降雨和地下管线渗漏是外在诱因。     

磁测圈定坦桑尼亚辛阳嘎某地与金矿有关的含铁建造

地面磁测和航空磁测两种资料联合,较好地圈定了坦桑尼亚境外项目某探矿权内,以负磁异常为主要的与金矿有关的含铁建造。地磁异常比航磁异常反映的异常形态、范围、细节更清晰。     

Advance numerical simulation of tunneling by using a double shield TBM

Double shield TBMs are amongst the most technically sophisticated excavation machines in use by tunneling industry. However, using the shielded machine limits access to the walls for observation of ground conditions and presence of shield makes the machine susceptible to entrapment or seizure in weak rocks under high stresses which results in high convergence. To realistically evaluate the possibility of machine seizure in such grounds, the interaction between the rock mass and shields, lining and backfilling need to be understood. This study explains the application of numerical analysis for 3D simulation of mechanized tunneling by using a double shield TBM. For this purpose, a comprehensive numerical simulation is developed to systematically evaluate the potential of excessive ground convergence. Simulation results at five reference points on the tunnel circumference along the tunnel have been examined. The results are including longitudinal displacement profile (LDP) as well as contact force profiles (LFP) on both front and rear shields, frictional forces and required thrust to move the machine, stress history of ground, and estimated loading of the segments. The results also proved that numerical analyses can successfully be used for prediction of loads on the shield during excavation to assess risks of machine entrapment.     

新疆04井水位突降异常的机理分析

通过04井地下不动力学条件和地球化学环境的综合分析，探讨了井水位突降异常变化的基本特征和相邻两并含水层孔隙压力动态的关系及相互作用过程。4b井喷（溢）水卸压是04井水位突降的直接原因。当04井的水位升高，水头高度达到并超过4b井井口的高度时，4b井开始喷水卸压，水头损失造成孔隙压力的降低而形成降落漏斗，造成04井水位突然下降，一旦4b井喷水停止，04井水位又开始上升并逐步恢复到正常水位高度。在04井水位持续突降变化阶段，可通过统计突降过程参数（如突降发生的频度、两次突降异常之间的时长等）判别地震前兆异常。     

Martian northern polar cap: Layering and possible implications for radar sounding

The propagation of electromagnetic waves in the northern polar ice sheet of Mars is considered. It is shown that the dispersion and attenuation of radio waves in the polar sheet are regulated by two groups of factors: the physical and chemical composition of the ice, and the geometrical parameters of the layered structure of polar sheet. Both analytical and numerical simulations of ultra wide band chirp radar pulse propagating through the cap are performed. Wide variety of combinations of the physical and geometrical parameters of the ice sheet, consistent with previously published observational data, has been considered. The frequency bands of transparency and opacity of the northern ice sheet for radar signals were found. The side clutter for this particular region of the planet is studied.     

Research on single hole heat transfer power of ground source heat pump system

In this paper, the single hole heat transfer power of the ground source heat pump system in Hengshui is compared with data gained from thermal response test. The results show that maximum monitoring data of heat transfer power per meter in summer is 97.1% of the test data, and the average value accounts for 81.8%. The per meter heat power data through on-site thermal response test can provide references for designing engineering project and optimizing ground source heat pump system as these data do not vary greatly from the actual monitoring data.