淮北煤矿塌陷区湿地生态环境营建及旅游产品开发

煤矿塌陷区生态环境治理一直是一个关系国计民生的难题。近年来,淮北市对煤矿塌陷区形成的大面积湿地进行大力整治,经过近20年努力,建成我国第一个煤矿塌陷区国家级城市湿地公园,将昔日荒凉的废弃地变成了生态旅游天堂。对淮北煤矿塌陷区生态环境营建进行分析总结,对其生态旅游产品开发提出了建议。     

任一力学量■的矩阵元Fmn的微扰近似计算

本文以能量和波函数的各级微扰近似的基态展开式为基础,推导出任一力学量的矩阵元F_(mn)的各级微扰近似表示式。并且指出只要构成能量展式的级数收敛很快,满足能够应用微扰的条件,那么对于任一力学量F的微扰计算,只要计算矩阵元F_(mn)的前二级近似就已足够精确。     

Research on ground heat exchanger of Ground Source Heat Pump technique

Ground Source Heat Pump technique and its operating principle are described in this paper. Ground heat exchanger is the key technique of ground source heat pump and its pattems are discussed. Software is helpful to design ground heat exchanger. A project of Chinese Ground Source Heat Pump is introduced and its market is more and more extensive.     

Ground magnetic survey of a municipal solid waste landfill: pilot study in Argentina

This paper shows the results of a ground magnetic survey carried out to study solid waste landfills. The area located southward of Gualeguaychú town was chosen as a pilot case. This zone was selected considering the available knowledge about the cessation of operations, and the interest of the local authorities in verifying the existence of anomalies indicative of possible dangerous pollutants. The total magnetic field was measured along six profiles, and the corresponding anomalies were calculated. The profiles were modelled in 2.5 D, and along them Eulers deconvolution was used to estimate the depth to the sources. The first and the second derivatives of the residual magnetic field were calculated, in order to sharpen the anomalies. Our interpretation suggests that the characteristics of the modelled bodies and the magnitudes of the detected anomalies do not indicate the presence of drums in the sanitary infill.     

中国大陆7级强震前地下流体前兆时空特征

对中国大陆1969年以来11次7级强震前地下流体前兆观测资料分阶段进行统计分析,并选用雷达图描述了中国大陆7级强震前地下流体前兆异常的时空特征,认为其特征主要表现在：异常出现时间上的阶段性与不均匀性,中长期趋势性异常分散,短临异常相对集中,且各占总异常比例的50％左右;震前异常集中在一定的范围内,并沿活动断裂呈现出一定的集中性;中长期趋势异常较早出现在震源区附近,并呈现出由震源区向外围扩散-收缩-扩散-收缩的过程,特别是进入短临阶段后,异常向震源区收缩的趋势更为明显;在震源区(或在距震源较近的范围内)异常所占的比例大,远离震源区所占比例小,且有由震源区向外围逐渐减小的趋势。     

Ground Surface Temperature History in Poland in the 16th–20th Centuries Derived from the Inversion of Geothermal Profiles

Ground Surface Temperature (GST) history in Poland was derived from the inversion of temperature-depth profiles in over 20 wells. Temperature histories for the period 1500 A.D. through 1977 A.D. agree well with the instrumental record of the surface-air temperature available for the last two centuries. A statistical correlation of the reconstructed histories (from the well temperature data) with the instrumental record (air temperature) from the homogeneous Warsaw series is high (>0.8). Functional space inversion (FSI) of the temperature data with depth shows that beginning in the early 19th century, temperatures warmed by 0.9 ± 0.1°C following a long period of colder climate before. The last number could be a minimal as higher warming was calculated using a simple model based on surface temperature for the observational period (homogenized Warsaw surface temperature series, Lorenc, 2000) and POM (pre-observational mean; Harris and Chapman, 1998) of –1.53^oC below the 1951–1980 mean temperature level.     

A simplified method for simulation of strong ground motion using finite rupture model of the earthquake source

We present a simplified method to simulate strong ground motion for a realistic representation of a finite earthquake source burried in a layered earth. This method is based on the stochastic simulation method of Boore (Boore, D. M., 1983, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, 1865–1894) and the Empirical Greens Function (EFG) method of Irikura (Irikura, K., 1986, Proceedings of the 7th Japan Earthquake symposium, pp. 151–156). The rupture responsible for an earthquake is represented by several subfaults. The geometry of subfaults and their number is decided by the similarity relationships. For simulation of ground motion using the stochastic simulation technique we used the shapping window based on the kinetic source model of the rupture plane. The shaping window deepens on the geometry of the earthquake source and the propagation characteristics of the energy released by various subfaults. The division of large fault into small subfaults and the method for accounting their contribution at the surface is identical to the EGF. The shapping window has been modified to take into account the effect of the transmission of energy released form the finite fault at various boundaries of the layered earth model above the source. In the present method we have applied the correction factor to adjust slip time function of small and large earthquakes. The correction factor is used to simulate strong motion records having basic spectral shape of ² source model in broad frequency range. To test this method we have used the strong motion data of the Geiyo earthquake of 24th March 2001, Japan recorded by KiK network. The source of this earthquake is modelled by a simple rectangular rupture of size 24 × 15 km, burried at a depth of 31 km in a multilayered earth model. This rupture plane is divided into 16 rectangular subfaults of size 6.0 × 3.75 km each. Strong motion records at eight selected near-field stations were simulated and compared with the observed records in terms of the acceleration and velocity records and their response spectrum. The comparison confirms the suitability of proposed rupture model responsible for this earthquake and the efficacy of the approach in predicting the strong motion scenario of earthquakes in the subduction zone. Using the same rupture model of the Geiyo earthquake, we compared the simulated records from our and the EGF techniques at one near-field station. The comparison shows that this technique gives records which matches in a wide frequency range and that too from simple and easily accessible parameters of burried rupture.     

GPS-RTK用于矿山高精度沉陷监测的可行性研究

针对复杂地表条件下采用水准测量和导线测量等常规方式进行地表变形周期观测、任务量大甚至无法实施等问题,提出了建立研究区域的似大地水准面精化模型,同时采用GPS-RTK技术获取观测站三维空间信息,进而获得概率积分法预计参数。最后以内蒙古准格尔旗某煤矿的生产实践说明该技术的有效性和可行性,极大地提高了工作效率,为保护煤柱的留设提供了科学的依据。     

带有低通滤波的广义S变换在探地雷达层位识别中的应用

同其它分析时变信号的方法相比,S变换具有独特的优点.但是S变换的时窗函数形式固定,限制了其在信号分析和处理中的应用.针对这一问题,本文对S变换进行了改进和推广,在S变换的时窗函数中引入调节参数,同时将低通滤波函数融入其中,提出了一种广义S变换.通过调节参数大小来调节广义S变换的时间分辨率和频率分辨率,从而使该变换具有很强的适用性.本文使用该变换对实测探地雷达数据进行了层位识别研究,取得了较好的效果.     

水稻覆膜节水种植对NO排放的影响

为保障粮食安全和节约水资源,水稻覆膜节水技术正越来越多地被农业生产部门运用到水稻生产中。但是,与传统种植模式(采用淹水与烤田相结合的间歇灌溉)相比,水稻覆膜节水种植模式通过改变土壤条件,引起稻田生物地球化学过程变化,进而使得大气环境污染性气体一氧化氮(NO)的排放发生变化。为了定量研究两种种植模式的NO排放差异及其关键控制因子,采用静态暗箱—化学发光法,对不同种植模式下两种施肥条件(常规施肥与无氮肥对照)的水稻—休耕系统NO排放通量及其环境因子进行了原位周年观测。结果表明,水稻生长季NO排放主要发生在中期烤田阶段,覆膜节水种植模式的NO通量多高于常规淹水种植模式,水稻生长季NO排放系数分别为0.12%和0.016%,主要原因是覆膜节水种植模式提高了土壤温度和氧化还原电位。在休耕季,两种种植模式的NO排放都与土壤湿度呈显著负相关。覆膜节水种植模式全年NO排放有大于传统种植模式的趋势,其排放系数分别为0.15%和0.032%,但需时间更长地点更多的试验研究加以证实。