On the evaluation of time-domain Green function

An analytical method has been developed to evaluate the wave part of the time-domain Green function and its derivatives. Based on Taylor series expansion, the Green function is obtained by solving a fourth-order ordinary differential equation. The method accelerates the convergence of the summation of an infinite series in the numerical computation. The accuracy of this method was demonstrated by its comparison with other method and its application to solve the radiation problem of a floating hemisphere using a panel-free method. The computed hydrodynamic coefficients agree well with the analytical solutions.     

超大型浮体水弹性分析的平板格林函数法

采用Eatock Taylor ＆ Ohkusu提出的一种矩形平板的挠度格林函数进行超大型浮式结构物在波浪中的水弹性响应分析，计算结果与试验结果比较，相当吻合，证实此平板挠度格林函数可以用于超大型浮式结构物的水弹性分析。     

港口集装箱作业设备改造的节能减排效益评估

为提高评估结果的准确性,基于“作业活动-方式结构?能耗强度?排放因子”方法（ASIF),引入生命周期评价和费效分析理念,建立港口集装箱作业设备改造的节能减排效益评估模型,并以宁波舟山港为例进行实证研究。结果表明,宁波舟山港集装箱作业设备改造年均节能1.911万tce,减排6.175万t CO₂,节省成本0.696亿元。忽略能源油井到油箱排放对CO₂减排量影响较大,会使结果被低估8.65%或高估40.83%。不考虑设备改造成本对成本节省量影响很大(高估59.63%),但不考虑碳交易成本对其影响较小(低估2.30%)。节能量和CO₂减排量受集装箱吞吐量影响较大,其弹性系数≥1;成本节省量受柴油价格变化影响最大,其弹性系数为2.73。研究成果可为合理评估绿色港口促进政策的节能减排效果提供技术支撑。     

贵州福泉桅杆坪磷矿区绿色勘查实践与应用效果

绿色勘查是在实施找矿过程中,以绿色发展理念为指导,通过运用先进的勘查手段、方法、设备、工艺和科学管理,最大限度减少对生态环境的负面影响,控制地质勘查全过程环境影响最小化,实现找矿和环保双赢的一种勘查模式。本文阐述了福泉市桅杆坪磷矿区绿色勘查在地质勘查中的实践应用,分析了施工过程中对生态环境的影响因素,总结了实施绿色勘查取得成效,以期对今后地质勘查工作中起到推广应用。     

A failed green future: Navajo Green Jobs and energy “transition” in the Navajo Nation

This article considers the Navajo Green Jobs effort of 2009, an attempt to “transition” energy production from coal to wind and solar for the largest tribe in the United States, the Navajo Nation. Through ethnographic “revisits,” in 2008 and 2013, I argue that Navajo Green Jobs contained two problematic hybrid neoliberal assumptions about governance and development: (1) it decentered governing authority from the tribe to “the community” while undermining the legitimacy of the tribal government, and (2) it promoted private entrepreneurship over public investment as the vehicle for energy transition. Ultimately, the Navajo Nation rejected Navajo Green Jobs and re-appropriated its temporal language in order to justify a reinvestment in coal in the form of a new energy company, NTEC. This article concludes that consideration of the spatial and social embedded nature of energy production is vital for understanding energy transitions today.     

1989年四川省巴塘群震5个事件的震源机制

基于３台ＤＲ－２００数字化记录仪在１９８９年四川省巴塘群震序列的主要活动时间内（４月１６日至５月４日）所记录的地震波形资料,利用矩张量反演方法处理得到了５个ＭＳ＝４．０～４．３地震的震源机制。仅仅从这５个地震的处理结果,我们同样看到了这次巴塘群震所对应的断层活动的复杂性。取震源机制解中的一个节面对照分析,这５个地震所对应的断层走向为ＮＥＥ—ＳＷＷ（４９°～７７°）,倾角在２０°～７３°间变化,而滑动角变化较大,有正有负,对应断层活动有逆倾滑左旋（３个）,近走滑右旋（１个）和正倾滑右旋（１个）。地质调查也证实当地的构造是相当复杂的。在５个震源机制解中,有３个解反映的Ｐ轴（主压应力轴）方位在ＮＥ—ＳＷ方向,这与当地的主构造应力方向是一致的,说明这次群震活动主要是由大背景的构造运动引起的,即青藏高原受印度板块东端犄角顶撞隆起而形成对川滇棱形块体北东向的挤压作用。主断层发震后,应力场局部调整,触发次级或周围其它的断层活动,从而形成了如此丰富而复杂的震源机制     

不同沉积环境相样品的释光古剂量比对

从天山北麓采集了晚第四纪风成、冰水相和河流相的粉砂样品,对它们进行了热释光、绿光释光和红外释光的古剂量测定。结果表明,对于经充分光晒退的风积物样品,三者的测量结果没有差别,而对于曝光不足的冰水相样品,热释光获得的古剂量值明显大于绿光释光和红外释光的古剂量值     

Arsenic species and their accumulation features in green turtles (Chelonia mydas)

Total arsenic (As) and its compounds were determined in liver, kidney, muscle, and stomach contents of green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Total As concentrations in the muscle were higher than those in the kidney and liver. Arsenobetaine (AB) was the predominant compound in all the three tissues and its levels were positively correlated with total As concentrations. This indicates that AB greatly contributes to As accumulation in green turtles. Higher concentrations of remaining As in the sample after extraction were detected in the liver, implying that lipid-soluble or protein bound As compounds accumulate in the liver of green turtles. Total As levels in tissues showed significant negative correlations with standard carapace length. The size-dependence of As accumulation in green turtles may be related to their feeding habit, shifting from carnivore to herbivore at different growth stages. Concentrations of AB and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were low in the stomach contents but high in the tissues, implying bioaccumulation of these arsenicals in green turtles.     

秦－沈铁路列车运行引起的地面振动实测与分析

秦皇岛－沈阳铁路是国内一条快速客运专线, 2002年由铁道部组织了第2次综合试验,对垂直线路不同距离、不同行车速度下的地面振动进行了现场测试。首先分析了实测地面竖向振动加速度特征,重点讨论列车编组及行车速度对地面振动的影响。将轨道作为弹性地基上的梁,考虑轨枕的离散作用,建立了运行车辆-轨道-地面振动模型。基于薄层法原理,推导了柱坐标系下的二次形函数薄层法,求得分层土体的稳态响应,首次对秦皇岛－沈阳快速客运专线产生的地面振动进行了分析。结果表明：移动轴重作用率对加速度频谱起控制作用;因列车速度远小于地基的瑞利波速,故未出现地面振动放大现象;振动加速度与轮轴荷载呈线性增加趋势。     

土地利用/覆盖的空气污染效应分析

以长株潭城市群核心区为对象,运用GIS和RS技术获取研究区土地利用/覆盖和空气污染分布格局,结合景观指数移动窗口分析结果,分年均和季节时间尺度分析NO₂、PM₁₀、O₃、PM_2.5浓度空间分布特征与土地利用格局的耦合关系。结果表明：长株潭城市群土地利用/覆盖,对空气污染物浓度的变化影响显著,具有季节效应。建设用地和道路面积占比与NO₂、PM_2.5浓度显著正相关,与O₃浓度呈显著负相关;林地面积占比越大,NO₂、PM_2.5浓度越低;土地利用/覆盖对PM₁₀浓度影响相对不稳定,易受不同季节局地尺度工业生产和建筑开发活动影响。从土地利用/覆盖微观配置角度,景观破碎程度越高,PM₁₀浓度越高;散布与并列指数越大,NO₂和PM_2.5浓度越高、O₃浓度越低;多样性指数与PM_2.5浓度显著正相关。从优化土地利用降低空气污染角度创建的长株潭城市群生态绿心区的作用尚未真正展现。研究结果对明确反映土地利用/覆盖与空气污染特征间的关系,指导城市土地利用活动的合理开发具有重要的价值。