近岸海水中络合态铁的离心超滤粒径分级方法研究

建立了基于离心超滤技术的近岸海水中络合态铁(Fe)粒径分级方法。经0.45μm滤膜过滤的海水样品,分别用不同孔径(3 k Da、10 k Da、30 k Da、100 k Da)的超滤膜离心超滤并脱盐。不同分子量范围的化合物富集于相应孔径的超滤膜上,以酸溶液提取出Fe,用原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定。在优化的条件下,方法检测限为0.10μg·L-1,线性范围0.25~10μg·L-1,4组不同孔径超滤膜测定同一份样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.4%~10.3%。本方法成功应用于福建九龙江口至厦门西海域水样的测定,结果显示各分子量范围内的络合态Fe含量随盐度增高而降低,且呈非保守分布的变化趋势。     

Development of silicon purification by strong radiation catalysis method

Using a new type of solar furnace and a specially designed induction furnace,cost effective and highly efficient purification of metallurgical silicon into solar grade silicon can be achieved. It is realized by a new method for extracting boron from silicon with the aid of photo-chemical effect. In this article, we discussed the postulated principle of strong radiation catalysis and the recent development in practice. Starting from ordinary metallurgical silicon, we achieved a purification result of 0.12 ppmw to 0.3 ppmw of boron impurity in silicon by only single pass of a low cost and simple process, the major obstacle to make `cheap' solar grade silicon feedstock in industry is thus removed.     

大冶李德贵冶炼遗址矿冶遗物分析

采用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射等测试手段,对大冶李德贵冶炼遗址矿冶遗物进行了物理测试、成分分析和物相分析。物理测试结果表明,遗址炼渣的熔融温度高于1280℃;成分分析结果表明,李德贵炼渣中铜含量很低,远低于炼铜渣的铜含量;而其铁含量很高,与欧洲早期铁器时代和罗马时代的块炼铁渣相近;物相分析结果表明,李德贵炼渣的主要物相与炼铜渣没有区别,但炼铜渣中发现一些铜氧化矿和硫化矿。结合对其他冶炼遗物的分析,可以初步判断该冶炼遗址是一处炼铁遗址。工作台面上发现的炼渣与铁矿石的混合物,表明古人很可能已将炼渣回收利用,与铁矿石原料一起回炉冶炼。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定土壤中痕量金的不确定度的评定

针对石墨炉原子吸收法测定土壤中痕量金的测定过程,建立了数学模型,分析了其不确定度的来源,对不确定度的各分量进行量化,计算得出合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度,并以不确定度的形式表达了测定结果。     

Elevated curing temperature-associated strength and mechanisms of reactive MgO-activated industrial by-products solidified soils

Abstract

Alkali-activated industrial by-products (granulated blast furnace slag, Class F fly ash) by traditional alkali activator (such as NaOH and Na₂SiO₃) serves as a partial replacement for Portland cement in soil stabilization projects and suffers from environmental and technical problems. Reactive MgO – a greener and more practical alternative has recently emerged as a potential activator for slag and fly ash, but its micromechanisms of alkaline activation still need to be deeply investigated for strength improvement of soils. Hence, this study focuses on the strength and hydration properties of reactive MgO-slag and MgO-fly ash solidified soils, especially incorporating the impact of elevated curing temperature. Reactive MgO is proved to be excellent as a novel activator for activation of slag and fly ash, and their activating efficiency increases with elevated curing temperature that helps to remarkably enhance the compressive strength of soils. The major hydration products for reactive MgO-slag solidified soils, detected jointly by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric/differential thermogravimetric tests, are calcium silicate hydrate gels and hydrotalcite-like phases. The primary hydration products for MgO-fly ash solidified soils are magnesium silicate hydrate gels and Mg(OH)₂. That is just the intrinsic reason why the microstructure of solidified soils becomes much denser and the mechanical behavior is significantly improved. The minor carbonate phases such as magnesium carbonate and/or calcite are also observed in reactive MgO-slag and MgO-fly ash solidified soils, depending on the period of exposure to air. The curing temperature and binder amount are proved to be the two major factors governing the hydration process of reactive MgO-slag and MgO-fly ash blends. A higher curing temperature and binder amount can generate more hydration products, but their chemical compositions such as accurate element ratios need to be investigated in the future study.     

Z-2000偏振塞曼石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定地球化学样品中痕量金

用ψ=50%的王水分解样品,聚氨酯泡沫塑料吸附富集金,10 g/L硫脲为解脱剂,偏振塞曼石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定痕量金.对干燥、灰化、原子化、净化温度和时间,以及载气流量和灯电流强度进行了讨论;对影响金吸附效果的泡塑载体和王水浓度等因素进行了研究.通过实验得到了Z-2000偏振塞曼原子吸收分光光度计最佳石墨炉分析测试条件.方法检出限为0.3 ng/g,回收率为95.0%～101.0%,精密度(RSD,n=12)低于8.0%,经国家一级标准物质(GBW 07243～GBW 07245)分析验证,结果与标准值相符.     

探针原子化石墨炉原子吸收法测定高纯金属镁中痕量铅

使用自制的全自动探针原子化装置,将探针原子化技术应用于测定高纯金属镁中痕量铅,利用样品中的基体镁转化成的硝酸镁作为基体改进剂,进一步改善了铅的分析性能。通过实验,确定了最佳的仪器条件和探针原子化分析条件,并与管壁原子化法进行了比较。方法检出限为4.3×10-12gPb,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=6）为8.2％,高纯金属镁中加标回收率在93％～104％。     

Remanent Magnetization in Portland-Cement-Based Materials

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the possibility of applying one geophysical method to studying untraditional systems as is the case with Portland-cement-based materials. The research demonstrates how conventional paleomagnetic methodology can be employed in studying the mode of magnetic recording in present-day industrial materials. Portland-cement admixtures such as fly ashes and furnace slags should be discriminated, because those particles interact in soils and sediments in nature. Moreover, a better undertanding of magnetic remanent acquisition in model materials can serve to improve the interpretation of magnetic remanent acquisition in natural rocks formed a long time ago. The magnetic constituents of Portland-cement paste and mortar acquire a magnetic remanence due to their alignment with the earth's magnetic field at the casting place. This magnetization can be measured using ordinary paleomagnetic techniques. The alignment of the individual magnetic particles accounts for the intensity of the magnetic remanence, which can be increased by adding water and by vibration before setting and hardening. Blast furnace slag admixtures also add to the enhancement of the intensity of remanence. The magnetization of Portland-cement-based materials shows a near linear relationship with the water /cement (w/c) ratios employed in the experimental work; the w/c ratios range between 0.2 – 0.6 in pastes and 0.3 – 0.6 in mortar. Stable remanent magnetization was obtained during the first seven days of setting and hardening, a period necessary for magnetic particles to become locked parallel to the earth's magnetic field. The stability of magnetic remanence predicts the usefulness of the methodology in studying the properties of Portland cement and particularly in the control of iron-bearing admixtures.     

山东平度刘戈庄石墨矿地质特征及找矿标志

刘戈庄石墨矿为赋存于古元古代荆山群陡崖组徐村段含石墨变质岩系地层中的沉积变质型矿床,严格受地层层位控制,含矿岩性为石墨黑云斜长片麻岩、石墨透辉变粒岩、石墨透闪透灰岩,变质相达麻粒岩相,经历多期区域变质作用形成。该文采用最新成矿理论,对典型矿床的构造背景、物质来源进行了研究,确定了刘戈庄石墨矿矿床成矿模式,对利用该模式进行石墨矿成矿预具有一定的指导意义。     

石墨炉蒸发硫化铝双原子分子吸收光谱法测定硫

介绍了以空心阴极灯代替连续光源,确定了硫化铝双原子分子吸收光谱法测硫的最佳条件,方法的灵敏度（０．００４４Ａ）为３×１０￣（－９）ｇＳ,测定含Ｓ１０ｇ／ｍｌ试样１０次,其ＲＳＤ为３．３％,标准加入回收率在９９％～１０４％之间。用所拟方法测定了大气硫酸盐化速率,结果与比色法符合。