抚顺东部地区紫苏花岗质岩石特征及成因

抚顺东部地区紫苏花岗质岩石形成于晚太古宙，以包体形式产于黑云长英质片麻岩中。许多特征均说明，它并非由紫苏北岗质岩浆直接结晶形成的，而是源岩在部分熔融与分凝过程中产生的残留相、后经麻粒岩相变质作用及构造变形改造所致的再造岩石。     

论酸性－中酸性火成岩中包体的分类与命名

本文针对在酸性－中酸性火成岩中包体分类与命名方面存在的一些问题，阐释和厘定了有关包体名称和概念的基本含义．在此基础上，对现有包体名称和概念进行了归类．根据包体的特征及其研究工作的特点，提出了包体的分类命名原则．同时，通过分析寄主岩及其包体形成的地质作用过程，系统提出了包体的成因分类．     

青藏东缘六合—香多镁铁质深源包体的平衡 P-T条件及其指示意义

依据青藏东缘六合-香多镁铁质深源包体中石榴石、辉石、角闪石和斜长石的矿物电子探针成分,采用Grt Cpx温度计（T EG79、T P85、T K88、和 T R2000）、Grt Hbl温度计（T GP84和 T RV2000）和Hbl Pl温度计（T BH90）以及角闪石Al压力计（P Al in Hb l）估算了包体的平衡温压条件。结果表明,石榴透辉岩、石榴斜长角闪岩、石榴角闪岩、斜长角闪岩和角闪石岩包体的平衡温压分别是770～920℃和 0．83～1．50GPa（相当于27～50km深）、730～950℃和 0．85～1．04GPa（相当于28～34km深）、 720～900℃和 0．74～1．32GPa（相当于24～44km深）、512～753℃和 0．71～0．98GPa（相当于23～32km深）以及 0．60～0．84GPa（相当于20～28km深）。前 3类包体主要来自下地壳,平衡温压较高（720～950℃、0．74～1．50GPa）;后 2类包体主要来自中地壳,平衡温压较低（510～735℃、0．60～0．98GPa）。包体的平衡温压条件还暗示了高钾岩浆起源的最小深度在50km以上。     

Evidence for Proterozoic Collision from Airborne Magnetic and Gravity Studies in Southern Granulite Terrain, India and Signatures of Recent Tectonic Activity in the Palghat Gap

The composite airborne total intensity map of the Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT) at an average elevation of 7000' (≈ 2100 m) shows bands of bipolar regional magnetic anomalies parallel to the structural trends suggesting the distribution of mafic/ultramafic rocks that are controlled by regional structures/shear zones and thrusts in this region. The spectrum and the apparent susceptibility map computed from the observed airborne magnetic anomalies provide bands of high susceptibility zones in the upper crust associated with known shear zones/thrusts such as Transition Zone, Moyar-Bhavani and Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zones (MBSZ and PCSZ). The quantitative modelling of magnetic anomalies across Transition Zone, MBSZ and PCSZ suggest the presence of mafic rocks of susceptibility (1.5-4.0 × 10⁻³ CGS units) in upper crust from 8-10 km extending up to about 21-22 km, which may represent the level of Curie point geotherm as indicated by high upper mantle heat flow in this section.Two sets of paired gravity anomalies in SGT and their modelling with seismic constraints suggest gravity highs and lows to be caused by high density mafic rocks along Transition Zone and Cauvery Shear Zone (CSZ) in the upper crust at depth of 6-8 km and crustal thickening of 45-46 km south of them, respectively. High susceptibility and high density rocks (2.8 g/cm³) along these shear zones supported by high velocity, high conductivity and tectonic settings suggest lower crustal mafic/ultramafic granulite rocks thrusted along them. These signatures with lower crustal rocks of metamorphic ages of 2.6-2.5 Ga north of PCSZ and Neoproterozoic period (0.6-0.5 Ga) south of it suggest that the SGT represents mosaic of accreted crust due to compression and thrusting. These observations along with N-verging thrusts and dipping reflectors from Dharwar Craton to SGT suggest two stages of N-S directed compression: (i) between Dharwar Craton and northern block of SGT during 2.6-2.5 Ga with Transition Zone and Moyar Shear towards the west as thrust, and (ii) between northern and southern blocks of SGT with CSZ as collision zone and PCSZ as thrust during Neoproterozoic period (0.6-0.5 Ga). The latter event may even represent just a compressive phase without any collision related to Pan-African event. The proposed sutures in both these cases separate gravity highs and lows of paired gravity anomalies towards north and south, respectively. The magnetic anomalies and causative sources related to Moyar Shear, MBSZ and PCSZ join with those due to Transition Zone, Mettur and Gangavalli Shears in their eastern parts, respectively to form an arcuate-shaped diffused collision zone during 2.6-2.5 Ga.Most of the Proterozoic collision zones are highlands/plateaus but the CSZ also known as the Palghat Gap represents a low lying strip of 80-100 km width, which however, appears to be related to recent tectonic activities as indicated by high upper mantle heat flow and thin crust in this section. It is supported by low density, low velocity and high conductive layer under CSZ and seismic activity in this region as observed in case of passive rift valleys. They may be caused by asthenospheric upwarping along pre-existing faults/thrusts (MBSZ and PCSZ) due to plate tectonic forces after the collision of Indian and Eurasian plates since Miocene time.     

Contrasting response of monazite and zircon to a high-T thermal overprint

Contact metamorphism in the aureole of the 1322 Ma Makhavinekh Lake Pluton, northern Labrador, affected monazite and zircon in the adjacent 1850 Ma metapelitic gneisses. Transformation of regional garnet and sillimanite to lower-pressure symplectitic intergrowths of cordierite, orthopyroxene, and spinel was accompanied by resorption of inherited monazite inclusions in garnet coupled with the appearance of coronitic high-Y monazite rims. In situ ion-microprobe dating is used to show that high-Y rims formed during contact metamorphism. Liberation of Y and HREE from garnet also gave rise to new xenotime growth. The coronitic nature of monazite overgrowths reflects the diffusion-controlled nature of net-transfer reactions whereas its higher Y composition reflects equilibration with xenotime at peak T (> 800 °C) conditions in the inner aureole. Very thin overgrowths on inherited zircon were also encountered, but only where zircon is surrounded by the symplectitic assemblage, reflecting liberation of Zr from garnet. Although these overgrowths are too thin to date using conventional ion-microprobe techniques, well-developed triple junctions between zircon and orthopyroxene suggests that they grew in textural equilibrium with the contact metamorphic assemblage.

In contrast to monazite, inherited zircon remained intact during contact metamorphism, exhibiting no change in morphology (other than the growth of thin rims) or internal zoning throughout the aureole. However, inherited sector-zoned zircons of anatectic origin display evidence for intracrystalline Pb redistribution in the inner aureole. In these samples, ion-microprobe analyses encountered heterogeneous Pb signals and a dispersion of ²⁰⁷Pb / ²⁰⁶Pb dates away from the well constrained 1850 Ma age of regional metamorphism. Whereas analyses from the outer aureole faithfully record the age of regional metamorphism, those from the inner aureole are normally and reversely discordant and distributed along a line collinear with a 1850 to 1322 Ma discordia. This disturbance is correlated with proximity to the pluton implying that Pb was mobile in the zircon lattice during contact metamorphism. Most grains are characterized by apparent Pb loss from low-U domains and apparent Pb gain in higher-U domains. These data are interpreted to reflect recovery of strained crystalline domains leading to expulsion of Pb* that was able to efficiently diffuse into higher-U domains that were partly amorphous prior to rapid reheating in the inner aureole.     

Petrology and mineralogy of granulite-facies mafic xenoliths (Sardinia, Italy): Evidence for KCl metasomatism in the lower crust

Here new mineralogical data is presented on the occurrence of K-feldspar in granulite-facies metagabbronorite xenoliths found in recent alkaline lavas from Western Sardinia, Italy. The xenoliths originated from the underplating of variably evolved subduction-related basaltic liquids, which underwent cooling and recrystallisation in the deep crust (T = 850–900 °C, P = 0.8–1.0 GPa). They consist of orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase porphyroclasts (An = 50–66 mol%) in a granoblastic, recrystallised, quartz-free matrix composed of pyroxene + plagioclase (An = 56–72 mol%) + Fe–Ti oxides ± K-feldspar ± biotite ± fluorapatite ± Ti-biotite. Texturally, the K-feldspar occurs in a variety of different modes. These include: (1) rods, blebs, and irregular patches in a random scattering of plagioclase grains in the form of antiperthite; (2) micro-veins along plagioclase–plagioclase and plagioclase–pyroxene grain rims; (3) myrmekite-like intergrowths with Ca-rich plagioclase along plagioclase–plagioclase grain boundaries; and (4) discrete anhedral grains (sometimes microperthitic). The composition of each type of K-feldspar is characterized by relatively high albite contents (16–33 mol%). An increasing anorthite content in the plagioclase towards the contact with the K-feldspar micro-vein and myrmekite-like intergrowths into the K-feldspar along the plagioclase–K-feldspar grain boundary are also observed. Small amounts of biotite (TiO₂ = 4.7–6.5 wt.%; F = 0.24–1.19 wt.%; Cl = 0.04–0.20 wt.%) in textural equilibrium with the granulite-facies assemblage is present in both K-feldspar-bearing and K-feldspar-free xenoliths. These K-feldspar textures suggest a likely metasomatic origin due to solid-state infiltration of KCl-rich fluids/melts. The presence of such fluids is supported by the fluorapatite in these xenoliths, which is enriched in Cl (Cl = 6–50% of the total F + Cl + OH). These lines of evidence suggest that formation of K-feldspar in the mafic xenoliths reflects metasomatic processes, requiring an external K-rich fluid source, which operated in the lower crust during and after in-situ high-T recrystallisation of relatively dry rocks.     

造山带构造年代学基本问题——论同位素体系与变质作用的关系

造山带构造年代学以研究造山带重大地质事件时代,建立时空格架为目的。其实质是研究同位素体系与变质作用的关系,包括变质过程中同位素体系扰动、同位素平衡、同位素均匀化以及锆石增生和放射性成因铅丢失等方面。并以大别山黄土岭麻粒岩和熊店榴辉岩为例阐述了构造年代学的研究方法和步骤,论证大别古陆老于2 814 Ma,大别山早前寒武纪基底变质事件发生在约20亿年前;大别熊店榴辉岩峰变质年龄为468 Ma。     

冀西北麻粒岩相花岗质片麻岩中矿物的流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

本文报道了冀西北地区麻粒岩相片麻岩中矿物内流体包裹体的特征并讨论了其地质意义。根据包裹体的形态、赋存状态并结合包裹体ＣＯ２密度的演化，在麻粒岩相花岗质片麻岩的矿物中可识别出四种类型的流体包裹体：１）一相富ＣＯ２包裹体、２）气液两相富ＣＯ２包裹体、３）三相含液态ＣＯ２包裹体，４）含石盐子晶的多相包裹体。不同类型包裹体的特征和密度等表明，该区花岗质片麻岩经历了三个阶段的变质过程。第一阶段，在麻粒岩相变质作用峰期之后捕获了高密度的富ＣＯ２包裹体。在第二阶段形成了两相富ＣＯ２包裹体。第三阶段捕获了低密度的三相含液态ＣＯ２包裹体。这种很低密度的流体包裹体反映了晚期变形和退变质期间的温压条件     

一条早前寒武纪的陆-陆碰撞造山带——华北克拉通北缘中西部麻粒岩相带

详细的野外调查、原岩建造、变质作用、变形作用以及同位素年代学研究表明,华北克拉通北缘中西部麻粒岩相带是我国迄今能识别的最老的陆-陆碰撞造山带的根带,可与世界上著名的南非Limpopo碰撞造山带对比。     

新疆二台北花岗岩体的变形构造研究

对新疆北部二台北花岗岩体内暗色包体的变形特征及包体内应变矿物的显微变形构造特征进行了深入研究，并分析了这些构造的变形过程，提出了岩体侵位时的运动学与动力学构造模式。